Rebel Yell

  see also Gettysburg, Battle of

  Perryville, Battle of, 480

  Petersburg, Battle of, 568

  Petersburg, Third Battle of, 569

  Petersburg, Va., siege of, 572

  Philadelphia Inquirer, 353

  Philadelphia Press, 162

  Phillips, Wendell, 385

  Pickett, George, 342, 521, 555

  Pickett’s charge, 560, 570, 571

  pikes, Confederate army’s considered use of, 196

  Pillow, Gideon J., 109, 334

  Pinkerton, Allan, 167, 202, 354, 520

  Pittman, Samuel, 455

  Plains of Abraham, Battle of, 145

  Pleasonton, Alfred, 570

  Poague, William T., 31, 92, 464

  Pope, John, 104, 277, 326, 394–98, 462, 573–74

  Army of Virginia appointment of, 392, 394

  in Cedar Mountain Battle, 398, 399, 400, 406

  enemy strength assessments by, 416

  final Second Manassas attack of, 442–45

  Jackson and Lee’s deception of, 416, 418, 429–30, 431, 442

  Jackson’s flanking march around, 413–18, 449

  Jackson’s Second Manassas attack on, 422, 424, 427, 428–31

  McClellan’s hatred of, 439, 441

  McClellan’s reinforcement of, 397, 410–11, 413, 418, 430, 438, 440, 441

  postwar life of, 574

  pre–Second Manassas position of, 410, 411, 413, 415–16, 421, 422

  Second Manassas defeat of, 444, 445, 446

  Second Manassas mistakes of, 416, 424, 430, 431, 434, 435–36, 437, 441–42, 573, 574

  Second Manassas plans of, 418, 423–24, 430, 431, 432, 435–36

  Southerners’ treatment by, 395, 396, 408

  Porter, Andrew, 82

  Porter, Fitz John, 104, 338

  at Antietam Battle, 462, 474, 477, 478

  Pope described by, 395

  at Second Manassas Battle, 418, 432, 435–36, 441, 442, 443, 444, 573, 574

  in Seven Days campaign, 352, 357, 361, 362, 364–65, 366, 367, 370, 372, 379, 382

  Port Republic, Battle of, 322–27, 332

  casualties in, 324, 325, 326

  Port Republic, Va.:

  Army of the Valley’s arrival at, 312, 315

  bridge at, 313, 315, 316, 317, 318, 324, 325

  tactical advantages at, 315–16

  Union cavalry’s attack on, 317, 318, 319

  see also Cross Keys, Battle of

  Posey, Carnot, 523

  Presbyterian Church, General Assembly of, 514

  Preston, James, 91

  Preston, John T. L., 38, 152–53, 154, 180–81, 236, 255, 515, 566

  Preston, Julia Jackson Christian, 565

  Preston, Margaret Junkin (Maggie), 17–18, 143–44, 145, 147, 148–50, 151, 152–53, 180, 195, 236, 438, 556, 566, 567

  Preston, Walter, 185, 186

  Preston, Willy, 437–38

  Principles of Courtesy, The (Hervey), 122

  Pryor, S. G., 254

  Psalm 118, 79

  “Quaker guns,” 203

  radical Republicans, 20, 383, 384, 490, 502, 558

  Rafuse, Ethan, 166

  railroads:

  Civil War significance of, 69

  Confederate army’s use of, 1, 4, 5–6, 41, 48, 62, 64, 65, 245, 249, 250, 251, 256, 336, 393, 521, 526, 534, 546

  Jackson’s final journey on, 557, 560–61

  Lincoln’s final journey on, 557

  Northern, 300

  in Shenandoah Valley, 66, 176, 187, 191, 207, 241, 243, 245, 249, 250, 251, 256, 288, 303, 336, 398, 410

  Union army’s use of, 351, 361, 364, 371, 413, 417, 418, 448

  Raleigh Standard, 558

  Rappahannock River, 397, 411, 413, 491, 493, 494, 496, 498, 504, 508, 509, 513, 519, 520, 523, 528, 532, 545

  rebel yell, 91–92, 294–95, 367, 368, 388, 404, 433, 460, 467, 484, 500, 536

  Redwood, Allen C., 389

  Register, 555

  Reid, Leigh Wilber, 130

  Reid, S. M., 156

  Republican Party, US:

  Banks’s prominence in, 199

  Fredericksburg reaction in, 502

  Frémont’s support by, 239

  Longstreet’s support of, 571

  McClellan’s criticism by, 166, 489

  Pope’s support of, 395

  slavery position of, 20, 383

  total war strategy of, 397

  Revolutionary War, 450–51, 458

  Reynolds, John, 441, 442, 443, 532, 533

  Richardson, Israel, 475, 476, 477

  Richmond, Fredericksburg, and Potomac Railroad, 546, 547

  Richmond, Va.:

  bread riots in, 507

  Burnside’s attack plan for, 491–92; see also Fredericksburg, Battle of

  Confederate army’s defense of, 1, 5–6, 7, 8–9, 207, 268, 308, 335–37, 338–39, 369, 410, 411, 490, 521; see also Seven Days campaign

  Confederate army’s formation in, 14, 16, 32–33, 34, 35, 41

  Confederate army’s July 1862 return to, 391

  Confederate supply line in, 451, 521, 546

  evacuation of, 3, 348, 349

  first Confederate war council in, 68

  First Manassas reaction in, 98

  Jackson monument in, 568

  Jackson’s fame in, 391–92

  Jackson’s funeral in, 553–55, 557, 561

  Lee’s defense of, 1, 5–6, 8–9, 244–45, 268, 312, 327, 335–37, 338–39, 410, 411, 521

  Lee’s defensive plans for, see Seven Days campaign

  McClellan’s attack plans for, 2–4, 7, 8, 202, 203, 204, 207, 212, 228, 234, 244, 256, 268, 274, 277, 289, 290, 300, 320, 326, 331, 335, 338, 339, 340, 348, 349, 351, 353, 354, 361–62, 379, 384–85, 397; see also peninsula campaign; Seven Days campaign

  McDowell’s missed opportunity for, 83

  McDowell’s planned advance on, 277, 278, 288, 289

  Shenandoah Valley approaches to, 207, 245

  Sheridan’s advance on, 570

  Southern opinion’s shaping by, 101, 189

  strategic importance of, 3, 56

  Union army’s threatening of, 2–4, 7, 207, 244, 245, 256, 268, 277, 288, 298, 301, 312, 326, 331, 335, 338–39, 348, 349, 397; see also Seven Days campaign

  Richmond College, 34

  Richmond Daily Dispatch, 8, 23

  Richmond Dispatch, 103, 225–26, 302, 332, 480, 554

  Richmond Enquirer, 27

  Richmond and York River Railroad, 351

  Richmond Whig, 8, 27, 97, 194, 332, 448

  Ricketts, James B., 88, 406, 466, 468

  Roanoke Island, Battle of, 194

  Roberts, Benjamin S., 400

  Robertson, Beverly, 398, 406

  Robertson, James I., Jr., 154

  Rodes, Robert, 522, 531, 535, 536, 537, 539, 543

  Romney, Va.:

  Confederate withdrawal from, 190

  Union force at, 176, 178, 183, 191

  Romney Expedition, 181–92, 331

  Jackson’s political troubles following, 185–91, 260–61, 387

  Jackson’s proposal for, 178–79

  marches in, 181, 182–83, 184, 185, 191, 197

  outcome of, 187, 191, 194

  Rosecrans, William S., 177

  Russell, John, 450

  Sanford, Edward S., 370

  Santa Anna, 108

  Saul (Handel), 554

  Savage’s Station, Battle of, 371–73, 399

  Savannah, Ga., First Manassas reaction in, 98

  Schenck, Robert C., 245, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256, 266, 267, 271, 279

  Scott, William C., 278

  Scott, Winfield, 98, 423

  Davis’s prewar relationship with, 171

  early war strategy of, 58–59

  First Manassas strategy of, 61, 62, 63

  in Jackson’s Fort Meade dispute, 116–17

  Jackson’s relationship with, 16, 36, 109

  McClellan’s relationship
with, 164, 165, 166

  McDowell’s prewar service under, 57

  Mexican-American War service of, 16, 36, 56, 58, 104, 106, 108, 109, 173, 337

  military stature of, 58, 69

  presidential bid of, 58, 152

  view of war of, 17

  scurvy, 507

  Sears, George, 472

  2nd Corps, Confederate:

  in Antietam Battle, 464, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472

  in Cedar Mountain Battle, 399, 400, 401–6

  Chancellorsville attack of, 536–38

  Chancellorsville flanking march by, 530–32, 533–36, 544

  in Fredericksburg Battle, 494, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500

  Fredericksburg march of, 492

  Harpers Ferry’s retaking by, 453–54, 456, 457, 458–60

  Jackson’s strict command over, 409–10, 415, 531

  in Manassas Junction supply depot revelry, 420–21

  pre-Chancellorsville movements of, 522, 523, 525–27

  pre–Second Manassas flanking march of, 413–18, 449

  pre–Second Manassas movements of, 411, 419–22

  religious life of, 487

  in Second Manassas Battle, 423–38, 440, 442–45

  Second Manassas defensive positions of, 422, 424, 427, 431–34, 435, 437, 442

  spring 1863 position of, 521

  strength of, 393, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 405, 406, 422, 429, 430, 438, 496, 523, 525, 531, 536

  Union supplies taken by, 421

  in winter 1862–1863, 508, 510, 511, 517–18

  Seddon, James, 553

  Sedgwick, John, 470, 471, 526, 530, 538, 545

  Seminoles, 112

  Seven Days campaign, 193, 348–62, 363–82

  aftermath of, 383–93, 395, 397

  casualties in, 354, 357–58, 367, 368, 381, 382, 386

  Confederate maps in, 359, 365

  Gaines’s Mill Battle in, 364–69, 399, 502

  Glendale Battle in, 374–78

  Jackson’s arrival prior to, 336, 348, 349

  Jackson’s difficulties in, 354–55, 356, 357, 358–60, 363, 364–66, 371–73, 375–78, 399, 407, 473

  Jackson’s flanking marches in, 338, 339, 352, 354–55, 356, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365–66

  Jackson’s physical exhaustion in, 355–56, 360, 376, 377, 382, 398

  Lee’s confusing orders in, 354–55, 358, 359, 360, 372, 373, 381

  Lee’s mistakes in, 352, 354–55, 358, 359, 360, 363, 365, 366, 371, 372, 373, 378, 379, 381, 382, 414

  Lee’s plans in, 338–39, 349, 351–53, 354–55, 356, 357, 358–60, 361, 364, 365, 366, 367–68, 370–73, 374, 375–82

  Lee’s success in, 383, 384, 385, 397

  Lee’s tactical dilemma in, 352–53

  McClellan’s opening attack in, 353

  McClellan’s opening position in, 351–52

  McClellan’s retreats in, 361–62, 363–64, 366, 368, 369, 370, 371, 373–74, 376, 382, 397

  Malvern Hill Battle in, 378–82

  Mechanicsville Battle in, 357–61, 363, 399

  Oak Grove Battle in, 353–54

  Savage’s Station Battle in, 371–73, 399

  Southern reaction to, 378, 383, 386

  terrain in, 355, 360

  Union army’s vulnerability in, 371

  Union cavalry’s role in, 354, 355, 356

  Union supply lines in, 349, 351, 352, 359, 361, 363, 364, 370, 371, 373, 375

  Seven Pines, Battle of, 335, 337, 348

  Seward, William, 98, 161, 162, 165, 203, 502, 569

  Sexton, Rufus, 307

  Sharpsburg, Va.:

  Confederate advance on, 458

  destruction of, 477

  Jackson’s arrival at, 464, 465

  see also Antietam, Battle of

  shell, 217

  Shenandoah River, 239, 242, 313, 315, 323

  Shenandoah Valley:

  agricultural yields of, 176, 575

  “back door” into, 196

  Banks’s first foray into, 199–200

  Banks’s planned withdrawal from, 204, 205, 207, 209, 213, 215, 217

  Banks’s redeployment to, 228

  Beauregard’s battle proposal for, 68

  Civil War’s devastation of, 575

  1st Virginia Brigade’s camps in, 52

  Harpers Ferry’s strategic location in, 44

  Jackson’s destruction of mountain passes to, 306

  Jackson’s love of, 135, 239

  Johnston’s army in, 48, 52–53, 56, 61, 62

  Lexington’s location in, 120

  rail links in, 66, 176, 187, 191, 207, 241, 243, 245, 249, 250, 251, 256, 288, 303, 336, 398, 410

  Richmond approaches from, 207, 245

  secession vote in, 30

  slavery in, 238

  spring 1862 Union forces near, 239, 245

  strategic importance of, 176, 179

  terrain of, 200

  Union’s fall 1861 positions in, 176–77

  Union spy network in, 196

  Virginia troops from, 37

  weather in, 239, 241

  see also Army of the Valley; Valley campaign; Winchester, Va.

  Shepherdstown, Battle of, 479–80

  Sheridan, Philip:

  Richmond advance of, 570

  at Third Winchester Battle, 567

  total war tactics of, 46, 173, 572, 575

  Sherman, William Tecumseh:

  Civil War’s transformation of, 6

  1864 Atlanta campaign of, 573

  enemy strength assessments by, 197

  in First Manassas Battle, 83

  Johnston as viewed by, 47

  total war tactics of, 46, 166, 173, 572, 575

  view of war of, 17

  Shields, James:

  battle report falsehoods of, 211, 227–28, 309, 318, 326

  Jackson’s Valley campaign contest with, 205–7, 209, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216–17, 218, 227–28, 234, 306, 308–9, 310, 312–13, 315, 316, 318, 320, 321, 322, 323, 326, 334

  spring 1862 redeployment of, 243, 249, 250, 267, 268, 269, 271, 278, 279

  Shiloh, Battle of, 7, 253, 277, 338, 382

  Shipley (slave), 238

  Sickles, Daniel, 533, 534

  Sigel, Franz, 394, 406, 431

  Sinclair, William, 498

  slavery:

  Jackson’s views on, 15, 17, 22, 142, 154–56

  Lincoln’s position on, 20, 22, 168, 238, 383, 384, 385, 480–81

  Northern view of, 155, 237–38, 383–84, 447, 481, 559

  Pope’s views on, 395

  in Shenandoah Valley, 238

  Southern view of, 155

  South’s dependence on, 238, 239, 481

  US debate over, 20–21, 22

  Virginia debate over, 155

  slaves:

  Davis’s personal treatment of, 171

  escaped, 168, 194, 196, 237–39, 275, 282–83, 295, 371, 384, 420–21

  Jackson’s ownership of, 15, 17, 22, 154, 155, 156

  Jackson’s school for, 156–57

  Union intelligence from, 275

  Union troops’ relations with, 238–39

  Slidell, John, 450

  Slocum, Henry W., 520, 525, 526

  Smith, Francis H., 23, 28–29, 117, 129, 133, 251, 255, 260, 387, 561

  Smith, Gustavus, 338

  Smith, G. W., 170, 172–74, 175

  Smith, James Power, 503, 509, 512, 542, 544, 546, 555, 568

  Smith, Kirby, 42

  Smith, William F., 504

  South:

  Antietam’s perception in, 480

  Beauregard’s post–Fort Sumter reputation in, 57

  Civil War catalysts in, 21–31

  Civil War’s destruction of, 383, 385, 572

  Davis’s criticism in, 194, 502

  early 1862 morale in, 4, 7–8, 193, 194, 195, 203, 256, 348

  food shortages in, 507, 509

  Fredericksburg reaction in, 502–3

  horses used in, 209–10

>   Jackson’s heroic status in, 7, 8, 102–3, 186, 189, 225–26, 256, 298, 302, 331–32, 336, 348, 349, 378, 388–89, 391, 392, 448–49, 484–86, 552–56

  Jackson mourned in, 552–56, 557, 560–62

  Jackson’s prewar reputation in, 33, 38, 45, 51

  Jackson’s religious vision for, 515

  late 1861 morale in, 169, 170

  Lincoln’s death as viewed in, 558

  Lost Cause movement in, 571–72

  McClellan’s fondness for, 345, 384, 395, 396

  McClellan’s reputation in, 373–74

  militias in, 33, 37–38, 39

  noncombatants in, 396, 397

  Pope’s hostility toward, 395, 396, 408

  press in, 7, 8, 38, 57, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103, 194, 225–26, 256, 302, 331, 332, 333, 373, 446, 486, 513, 553

  secession in, 13, 20, 22, 27–30, 31

  Second Manassas and, 446, 448–49

  Seven Days campaign’s effect on, 378, 383, 386

  slavery debate’s implications for, 21

  slavery’s pervasiveness in, 238, 239, 481

  stragglers’ treatment in, 408–9

  trained military officers in, 33

  view of slavery in, 155

  see also Confederacy

  Southern Illustrated News, 210

  Southern Literary Messenger, 194, 302

  South Mountain, Battle of, 456–58, 461, 464

  spherical case, 218

  Spotswood Hotel, 68

  Spotsylvania Courthouse, Battle of, 571, 572

  Springfield rifle, 230, 233, 254, 451

  stands, small arms, 298

  Stanton, Edwin, 202, 228, 243, 249, 250, 251, 272, 277, 278, 287, 288, 289, 297, 299–300, 326, 340, 353, 356, 358, 369–70, 397, 438, 440, 441, 445, 490, 573

  Staples, Walter R., 185

  Starke, William E., 432, 465, 468

  states’ rights, 22, 571

  Staunton, Va.:

  Jackson’s defense of, 245, 246, 248, 250, 251, 256, 273; see also McDowell, Battle of

  Jackson’s supply base in, 207, 242, 245, 305

  strategic importance of, 245

  Stephens, Alexander, 186

  Steuart, George H., 284, 285, 286, 296, 555

  Stevens, Thaddeus, 384

  Stewart, Charles, 345

  Stiles, Joseph, 487

  Stone, Charles P., 167–68

  Stoneman, George, 346, 521, 526, 529, 532, 538, 547

  Stonewall Brigade:

  Anna’s visit to, 175

  in Antietam Battle, 466, 469

  attempted insubordination in, 264

  in Cedar Mountain Battle, 402

  in Chancellorsville Battle, 544, 548

  in Charlestown skirmish, 302

  desertions from, 409

  Garnett’s command of, 181, 183, 258, 259

  Harpers Ferry’s approach by, 303

  Jackson monument erected by, 568

  in Kernstown Battle, 219, 220, 222, 258