Dreadnought

  Waldersee, Count Alfred von. A Field Marshal’s Memoirs. London: Hutchinson, 1924

  Waldeyer-Hartz, Captain Hugo von. Admiral von Hipper. London: Rich & Cowan, 1933

  Warner, Oliver. Victory: The Life of Lord Nelson. Boston: Little, Brown, 1958

  Watson, Alfred E. T. King Edward VII as a Sportsman. New York: Longmans Green, 1911

  Wemyss, Lady Wester. The Life and Letters of Lord Wester Wemyss, Admiral of the Fleet. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1935

  Wile, Frederic W. Men around the Kaiser. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1913

  Wilhelm, Crown Prince of Germany. Memoirs. New York: Scribner’s, 1922

  William II. My Memoirs, 1878–1918. London: Cassell, 1922

  ——. My Early Life. New York: George H. Doran, 1926

  Williamson, Samuel R., Jr. The Politics of Grand Strategy: Britain and France Prepare for War, 1904–1914. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969

  Willis, Edward F. Prince Lichnowsky: Ambassador of Peace, 1912–1914. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1942

  Willoughby de Broke, Lord Richard G. V. The Passing Years. London: Constable, 1924

  Wilson, John. CB: A Life of Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman. London: Constable, 1973

  Winton, John. Jellicoe. London: Michael Joseph, 1981

  Woodward, E. L. Great Britain and the German Navy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1935

  Young, Kenneth. Arthur James Balfour. London: G. Bell, 1963

  Zedlitz-Trützschler, Count Robert von. Twelve Years at the Imperial German Court. New York: Doran, 1924

  Index

  The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

  Abdul-Aziz, Sultan of Morocco, 353–59, 362–63, 720

  Abdul-Hamid II, Sultan of Turkey, 418, 603

  Adalbert, Prince of Prussia, 160–62, 166

  Aehrenthal, Count Alois Lexa von, 603–8

  Afghanistan, Anglo-Russian Entente and, 597, 599

  Agadir Crisis, 183, 706, 711, 724–44, 748, 790, 807, 819

  Albert, King of Belgium, 902

  Albert of Saxe-Coburg, Prince Consort of England, 12, 42, 150, 299, 631

  death of, 11, 13, 16, 21, 30

  Edward VII and, 7–8, 10–11, 13–14, 16

  Empress Victoria and, 23–25, 30

  illnesses of, 10–11

  Queen Victoria’s relationship with, 5–6

  William II and, 27, 29, 38

  Alexander, Prince of Battenberg, 37

  Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, 54, 78–80

  Alexander III, Tsar of Russia, 17, 34–35, 89

  Anglo-Russian Entente and, 595

  Bismarck’s diplomacy and, 82, 113, 115

  William II and, 92n, 98

  Alexandra, Empress of Russia, 29n

  Alexandra, Queen Consort of England, xxvii-xxviii, xxxi, 9–14, 16–20, 27, 140, 156, 267n, 293, 357–58, 509–10, 601–2, 652–55

  Churchill and, 762

  Dreadnought and, 483–84

  Edward VII’s death and, 655

  Edward VII’s unfaithfulness to, 19–20

  Fisher and, 457

  Fisher-Beresford conflict and, 531

  Alexandria, British bombardment of, 421–22, 504–6

  Alfonso, King of Spain, 356

  Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg, 27, 109, 376, 382

  death of, 294–95

  Algeciras Conference, 364–68, 590, 594, 606, 664, 673

  Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse Darmstadt, 29

  Almodóvar, Duke of, 364

  Alston, Captain, 389

  Ampthill, Lord, 65

  Andrássy, Count Julius, 78, 80

  Arabi, Ahmed, 420–22

  Armstrong, Sir George, 536–37

  Army, British:

  alleged cordite shortage of, 548–49

  in Boer War, 307–8, 453, 466, 553n, 554–56

  and Britain’s vulnerability to invasion, 627–30, 635–37

  offensive role of, 626

  reorganization of, 453–55, 466, 560, 563, 626, 630, 644

  war plans of, 744–48

  Army, German:

  Austro-Serbian conflict and, 862

  Bismarck’s work on behalf of, 90–91

  Churchill’s observation of, 818–19

  expansion of, 848

  Arnim, Count Harry von, 124–25, 131

  Arnold, Matthew, 21

  Arthur, Duke of Connaught, xxvi, 20, 299

  Ashley, Wilfred, 793

  Asquith, Helen Melland, 569–71, 577–78

  Asquith, Herbert Henry, 192, 229, 291, 552, 563–80, 771, 820–21, 904

  on abandoning Mediterranean, 827

  administrative skills of, 576–77

  Agadir Crisis and, 730–32, 737–38

  ambition of, 568

  Anglo-French naval talks and, 826

  Anglo-German naval talks and, 701, 708–9, 802, 804, 817

  Anglo-Russian Entente and, 597

  and anti-war movement, 898–99

  Austro-Serbian conflict and, 879, 883

  background of, 567–69

  Boer War and, 551, 555, 557, 574–75

  and Britain’s vulnerability to invasion, 629

  and British Fleet’s visit to Baltic ports, 850

  Campbell-Bannerman and, 549, 557–59, 563–66, 574–76

  Churchill and, 576–77, 748–49, 766–67, 773–75, 778, 824, 833–36

  Edward VII and, 575–76, 656

  Eulenburg Affair and, 663

  finances of, 573

  first marriage of, 569–70

  Fisher and, 498–99

  Fisher-Beresford conflict and, 528, 533–35, 539–43

  and German threat to Belgium, 899–901, 908

  and German threat to France, 888, 897–99, 901–2

  Grey and, 576, 581, 583, 590, 593n, 906

  Haldane and, 568–69, 573, 576–77, 806

  home life of, 577–78

  Imperial Preference debate and, 329, 333–35

  Jameson Raid and, 574

  Lichnowsky and, 844, 849

  love affairs of, 578–80

  Morocco crisis and, 591–92

  Naval Scare and, 610, 613–17, 620, 623, 625, 701

  1909 budget and, 648–50

  oratory skills of, 568

  Regulas Compact and, 557–60, 562

  Russo-German conflict and, 899–900

  and veto power of House of Lords, 650–51, 654, 657–61

  war plans and, 744–48

  wedding of, 573

  Asquith, Margot Tennant, 228–29, 316–17, 320, 323, 330, 567n, 569–74, 614, 908

  Asquith’s attraction to, 570–71

  Asquith’s career and, 574

  Asquith’s courtship of, 571–73

  Asquith’s first marriage and, 569–70

  Asquith’s love affairs and, 579–80

  background of, 571

  home life of, 577–78

  Jennie Churchill and, 751

  Lichnowsky and, 844

  pregnancies of, 574, 577

  in society, 571–73

  and veto power of House of Lords, 661

  wedding of, 573

  Winston Churchill’s Naval Estimates and, 833

  Asquith, Violet, 578, 748–50, 773–76

  Augusta Victoria, Queen Consort of Germany (Dona), 33–34, 37, 39, 109, 118, 652–53, 666, 671, 680, 683, 691–92, 797

  Austin, Alfred, 220

  Austria-Hungary:

  Anglo-French naval talks and, 826

  Anglo-German alliance negotiations and, 305–6

  and assassination of Franz Ferdinand, 860, 865, 867–68, 880

  Balkan Wars and, 838–40

  Bismarck’s diplomacy and, 77–82, 90, 113–14

  Bosnia annexed by, 604–8, 684, 693

  Boxer Rebellion and, 279

  Churchill’s Naval Estimates and
, 823–24, 828

  Eastern Question and, 196, 198, 200

  and German threat to France, 876

  German Weltmacht and, 138

  Holstein on, 127–28

  mobilization of, 874

  and opening Dardanelles to Russian warships, 603–4

  predominance of, 53

  Russo-German conflict and, 870–72, 876–77, 895

  Schleswig-Holstein crisis and, 57–58

  Serbian conflict with, 855–73, 876–77, 879–89, 891, 901

  Serbian ultimatum of, 865–69, 879–83, 896

  war against Serbia declared by, 869–70

  William II’s visits to, 17–18

  Austro-German Treaty, 80–82, 114

  Austro-Prussian War, 18, 58–60, 65

  Bacon, Sir Reginald:

  Dreadnought and, 470, 475, 481–84, 489

  Fisher and, 435–39, 444

  Fisher-Beresford conflict and, 516, 536–37

  illnesses of, 483

  on submarines, 452–53

  Bagehot, Walter, 642

  Balfour, Arthur, 242, 244, 291, 311–24, 326, 365, 549, 552, 592, 646, 761

  Anglo-French Entente and, 344

  Anglo-German alliance negotiations, 269

  Anglo-Russian Entente and, 600

  background of, 190–91

  Boer War and, 272, 321

  and Britain’s vulnerability to invasion, 629–30

  Campbell-Bannerman and, 555–57, 561–63

  Chamberlain and, 311–12, 321, 331–32

  Churchill and, 775

  conservatism of, 322

  Dreadnought and, 470, 478

  early parliamentary career of, 314–15

  education of, 313–14

  Eulenburg Affair and, 663

  Fisher and, 405, 464, 499, 516

  Fisher-Beresford conflict and, 534–40

  Grey and, 587

  heritage of, 313

  H. H. Asquith and, 575

  House of Lords and, 642–44, 657–58, 660–62

  Imperial Preference debate and, 327–36

  imperturbability of, 323

  Irish crisis and, 318–20

  Jameson Raid and, 228

  Khaki Election and, 289–90, 312

  Lansdowne and, 338

  Margot Asquith and, 570, 572, 574

  Morocco crisis and, 363

  Naval Scare and, 616–18, 622

  nicknames of, 314, 318–19, 331

  qualities of, 312–13

  recreation of, 323–24

  and reorganization of British Army, 453–54

  resignation of, 555, 558, 662

  retreat of, 323

  romantic interests of, 315–16

  Salisbury and, 189, 191–93, 313–14, 320–22, 324

  social life of, 316

  social reform and, 643–44

  tenacity of, 322

  Balfour, Lady Blanche Cecil, 313–14

  Balkan Wars, 838–41, 843–44

  Ballin, Albert, 178, 703, 794–97

  Agadir Crisis and, 741

  Anglo-German naval talks and, 707, 801–3, 810

  anti-Semitism and, 798–99

  background of, 794–96

  and British Fleet’s visit to Baltic ports, 850

  Churchill’s Naval Estimates and, 823

  German naval expansion and, 799–801

  Haldane Mission and, 810

  William II and, 796–99

  Bannerman, Henry, 548

  Barlow, Sir John, 637

  Barr, Charlie, 158–59

  Basserman, Ernst, 742

  Battiscomb, Georgina, 19

  Beatty, Sir David, 252, 496

  and British Fleet’s visit to Baltic ports, 850

  Churchill and, 769–70, 773, 776, 778

  Bebel, August, 135, 179, 368

  Belgium:

  German invasion of, 902, 907–8

  German threat to, 893–903, 905, 907–8

  Benckendorff, Count Alexander, 596–97, 840, 846–47

  Berchtold, Count Leopold, 604

  and assassination of Franz Ferdinand, 860–61, 868

  Austro-Russian negotiations and, 877

  Austro-Serbian conflict and, 857–58, 862–65, 868

  Russo-German conflict and, 872

  Beresford, Charles William de la Poer, Lord, xxvii, 317, 366, 374, 376, 381–82, 439, 446, 501–43

  on abandoning Mediterranean, 827

  in action in Egypt, 504–8

  ambition of, 516

  Channel collision nearly caused by, 532–33

  Channel Fleet command of, 514–15, 517–27, 532–34, 538–39, 542

  character of, 519

  Churchill and, 772, 778–80

  commands of, 505–8, 512–27, 532–34, 536, 538–39, 542

  Dreadnought and, 487–88, 520

  early naval career of, 503

  Fisher compared to, 503–5

  Fisher’s conflicts with, 405, 510, 512–13, 515–25, 527–43, 772, 778–80

  on gunnery, 397

  heritage of, 502–3, 505

  illnesses of, 519

  Mediterranean Fleet command of, 516–17, 536

  Paint Work Affair and, 525–27

  popularity of, 512–13, 534

  and relief of Khartoum, 507–8

  steam-propelled ironclads and, 390

  on submarines, 451

  and threat of war with Russia, 515

  travels of, 511–12

  war plans of, 521–25

  womanizing of, 508–9

  Beresford, Lady Charles, 508–10, 528

  Bergmann, Ernst von, 38

  Bernhardt, Sarah, 22

  Bernstein, Max, 675–78

  Bertie, Sir Francis, 889–90

  Bethmann-Hollweg, Felix, 703–4

  Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, 694, 894

  Agadir Crisis and, 706, 725–26, 739–40, 742–43, 807

  Anglo-German naval talks and, 702, 707–10, 801–4, 808, 810–12, 814, 816–17, 820

  Anglo-Russian Entente and, 601

  Anglo-Russian naval talks and, 847

  Austro-Serbian conflict and, 857, 862–64, 868–69

  background of, 702–5

  Balkan Wars and, 843

  Churchill’s Naval Holiday proposal and, 831

  Daily Telegraph crisis and, 687–88, 705–6

  Edward VII’s death and, 657

  foreign policy role of, 706–7

  German naval expansion and, 791, 848

  and German threat to Belgium, 896

  and German threat to France, 876, 887–88, 907

  Haldane Mission and, 807–12, 814–15

  Jagow and, 841–42

  Kiderlen and, 718–19

  Lichnowsky and, 843

  Morocco and, 720–23

  resignation submitted by, 814–15

  Russo-German conflict and, 871–74

  William II and, 702–6

  Betrayal, The (Beresford), 542

  Bismarck, Bernhard von, 51

  Bismarck, Count Herbert von, 35–36, 72–75, 90–91, 102

  Boer War and, 272

  and British occupation of Egypt, 83–84

  Bülow and, 140, 142, 147

  Chamberlain and, 239

  Eckardstein and, 243

  engagement and wedding of, 100–101

  Eulenburg and, 665, 667

  and father’s conflict with William II, 97–98

  father’s death and, 103

  German colonialism and, 86–89

  Hohenlohe and, 118

  Holstein and, 125–29, 143

  pro-Russianism of, 127

  resignation of, 113, 128–29

  William II and, 92–95, 100, 266

  Bismarck, Elisabeth von, 73

  Bismarck, Ferdinand von, 49–50

  Bismarck, Prince Otto von, 12, 18, 48–103, 105, 137, 176, 259, 284, 698, 893

  Anglo-Russian Entente and, 600

  antagonistic toward France, 60–61

&nbs
p; anti-Semitism of, 798

  appetite of, 71–72

  Arnim scandal and, 125

  Austro-German Treaty and, 80–82

  Austro-Prussian War and, 59–60

  Balfour and, 314

  Beresford and, 511

  Bleichroder and, 797–98

  Boers and, 221

  British war planning and, 746

  Bülow and, 70, 103, 140–41, 146

  Caprivi and, 110–14, 117

  Chamberlain and, 239

  character of, 49, 68–69

  children of, 72–75

  conservatism of, 31

  country estate of, 71

  death of, 103, 129

  diplomacy of, 76–90, 98–99, 102, 113–15, 126–28, 248

  Disraeli and, 82–83

  Eastern Question and, 198–200

  education of, 50–51

  Empress Victoria and, 25, 32, 36, 99

  and exchange of territories between Britain and Germany, 209–10

  Fisher and, 415

  foreign policy approach of, 54

  foreign policy authority sought by, 55–57

  Franco-Prussian War and, 61–64, 73, 76–77

  Frederick III and, 30–32, 35–36, 38–41, 44–45, 59–60, 92, 207

  German colonialism and, 84–89, 132

  German constitution and, 65–67

  German Navy and, 167, 175, 177

  German unification and, 48, 58, 60, 64–66, 68

  Gladstone and, 83–84

  Herbert’s wedding and, 100–101

  heritage of, 49–50

  Hohenlohe and, 118

  Holstein and, 82, 93, 124–29, 132

  illnesses of, 71–72, 101, 103

  insomnia of, 67–68, 71–72

  Kiderlen and, 716–18

  Kruger Telegram and, 224

  legacy of, 100

  Morocco crisis and, 352

  office of, 69–70

  and opening Dardanelles to Russian warships, 603

  physical appearance of, 48–49, 72

  Prussian ambassadorship of, 53–54

  Prussian parliamentary crisis and, 56–57

  Queen Victoria and, 42, 99n

  Reinsurance Treaty and, 82

  resignation of, 98–100, 113, 115, 119, 123, 128–29, 209, 668

  return to Berlin of, 101–2

  romances of, 51, 55

  Russian mission of, 54–55

  Schleswig-Holstein crisis and, 57–58

  social life of, 70–71

  status quo preserved by, 76–77

  Tirpitz and, 174–75

  travels of, 52

  William I and, 49, 55–61, 67–68, 71–72, 78–79, 91–93, 99, 705

  William II and, 34–35, 46, 76, 91–103, 113, 115–16, 120, 128–29, 209, 266

  World War I anticipated by, 855

  Bismarck, Princess Johanna von, 52, 55, 59, 69–72, 102, 124, 126, 141

  Bismarck, Wilhelmine von, 50–51

  Bismarck, William von (Bill), 72–73, 102, 175

  Bülow and, 140–41