Marlborough

  8 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Private Correspondence II pp.412–13; Brown Letters p.263.

  9 Gregg Queen Anne pp.282–3.

  10 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 25 May 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1255.

  11 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 19 May 1709 ibid. pp.1250–1.

  12 Wolf Louis XIV p.565.

  13 Cadogan to Marlborough 6 December 1709, Cadogan Papers.

  14 C. Sturgill Marshal Villars and the War of the Spanish Succession (London 1965) p.85.

  15 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 9 June 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III pp.1268–9.

  16 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Private Correspondence I p.120.

  17 Henry L. Snyder ‘The Duke of Marlborough’s Request of his Captain-Generalcy for Life: A Re-examination’ in Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research Vol. 45 1967 p.69.

  18 Marlborough to Queen Anne 10 October 1709 ibid. pp.73–4.

  19 Queen Anne to Marlborough 25 October 1704 in BL Add Mss 61101 f.163.

  20 Gregg Queen Anne p.297.

  21 Godolphin to Marlborough 20 and 21 March 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1440.

  22 Snyder ‘Duke of Marlborough’s Request’ p.80.

  23 Scouller Armies of Queen Anne p.272.

  24 Marlborough to Walpole 25 July 1709 in Murray Dispatches IV p.551.

  25 Cadogan to Marlborough 22 April 1709, Cadogan Papers.

  26 Marlborough to Major General Palmes 23 April 1709 in Murray Dispatches IV p.485.

  27 Wolf Louis XIV p.565.

  28 Marlborough to Godolphin 20 June 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1280.

  29 Godolphin to Marlborough 10 June 1709 ibid. p.1281.

  30 Marlborough to Godolphin 24 June 1709 ibid. p.1283.

  31 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 27 June 1709 ibid. p.1286.

  32 Deane Journal p.81.

  33 Goslinga Mémoires p.105.

  34 Burton Captain-General p.146.

  35 Louis to Villars 2 July 1709 in De Vault and Pelet IX p.49.

  36 Marlborough to Heinsius 10 July 1709 in Marlborough – Heinsius p.444.

  37 Marlborough to Heinsius 24 July 1709 ibid. p.448.

  38 Marlborough to Godolphin 30 July 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1317.

  39 Marlborough to Queen Anne 29 July 1709 in Murray Dispatches IV p.556.

  40 Deane Journal p.84.

  41 Kane Campaigns p.83.

  42 Wilson Journal p.75.

  43 Marlborough to Heinsius 2 September 1709 in Marlborough – Heinsius p.462.

  44 Goslinga Mémoires p.100.

  45 Godolphin to Marlborough 25 June 1706 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin II pp.598–9.

  46 Marlborough to Godolphin 6 July 1706 ibid. p.600.

  47 Churchill Marlborough VI p.132.

  48 Orkney in English Historical Review April 1904 p.317.

  49 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 10 September 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1359.

  50 De Vault and Pelet IX p.343.

  51 Orkney in English Historical Review April 1904 p.317.

  52 Burton Captain-General p.159.

  53 De la Colonie Mémoires p.442.

  54 Orkney in English Historical Review April 1904 p.319.

  55 De la Colonie Mémoires pp.443–5.

  56 Wilson Journal p.78.

  57 Deane Journal p.94.

  58 Davies Life and Adventures pp.364–6.

  59 Chandler Robert Parker pp.88–9.

  60 Deane Journal p.94.

  61 Atkinson Marlborough p.402.

  62 Marlborough to Godolphin 13 September 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1363.

  63 Chandler Marlborough p.261.

  64 Boufflers to Louis 11 September 1709 in De Vault and Pelet IX p.45.

  65 Orkney in English Historical Review April 1904 p.319.

  66 Ibid. p.320.

  67 Drake Amiable Renegade p.167.

  68 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 26 September 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1377.

  69 Orkney in English Historical Review April 1904 pp.320–1.

  70 Blackader Life and Diary pp.351–2.

  71 Bishop Life and Adventures p.214.

  72 Marlborough to Godolphin 13 September 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1365.

  73 Marlborough to Boyle 13 September 1709 in Murray Dispatches IV p.597.

  74 Marlborough to Villars 13 September 1709 ibid. p.596.

  75 Boufflers to Louis 11 September 1709 in De Vault and Pelet IX p.44.

  76 Marlborough to Godolphin 11 September 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1360.

  77 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 13 September 1709 ibid. p.1364.

  78 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 26 September 1709 ibid. pp.1377–8.

  79 Marlborough to Heinsius 12 December 1709 OS in Marlborough – Heinsius pp.475–6.

  80 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 2 and 5 June 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III pp.1505, 1507.

  81 Queen Anne to Marlborough 25 October 1709 in Gregg Queen Anne p.294.

  82 M. de la R. Manley Secret Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality of both sexes from the New Atlantis, an Island in the Mediterranean Vol IV (London 1741) pp.30–2.

  83 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 7 October 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1387.

  84 London Gazette 15–17 November 1709.

  85 Maynwaring to Duchess of Marlborough 18 November 1709 in Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Private Correspondence I p.270.

  86 Watson Marlborough’s Shadow p.105.

  87 Marlborough to Stepney 6 December 1706 in Murray Dispatches III p.245.

  88 Cadogan to Marlborough 26 June 1710, Cadogan Papers.

  89 A.J. Veenendaal ‘The opening phase of Marlborough’s campaign of 1708 in the Netherlands’ in History February 1950 p.45.

  90 Cadogan to Brydges 28 April 1707 in Dickson Cadogan p.34.

  91 Cadogan to Raby 7 July 1707 ibid. p.38.

  92 Ibid. p.154.

  93 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 24 June 1709 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1283.

  94 Philip Rambaut ‘A study in misplaced loyalty: Louis de Duffort-Duras, Earl of Feversham’ in M. Glozier and D. Onnekink (eds) War, Religion and Service (Aldershot 2007) p.57.

  95 Trevelyan The Peace and the Protestant Succession p.37.

  96 Rodger Command p.177.

  97 Trevelyan The Peace and the Protestant Succession p.20.

  98 Burnet History V p.454.

  99 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 26 June 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III pp.1530–1.

  100 Marlborough to Godolphin 27 June 1710 and Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 29 June 1710 ibid. pp.1533, 1535.

  101 Lever Godolphin p.241.

  102 Maynwaring to Duchess of Marlborough September or October 1710 in Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Private Correspondence I p.395.

  103 Lever Godolphin p.251.

  104 Godolphin to Marlborough 8 August 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1596.

  105 Queen Anne to Marlborough 8 August 1710 in Gregg Queen Anne p.320.

  106 Godolphin to Marlborough 9 August 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III pp.1597–8.

  107 Gregg Queen Anne p.323.

  108 Godolphin to Marlborough 30 June 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1552.

  109 Marlborough to Villars 31 August 1710 in Murray Dispatches V p.122.

  110 Marlborough to Godolphin 14 September 1711 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1679.

  111 Marlborough to Heinsius 13 October 1710 in Marlborough – Heinsius p.527.

  112 Marlborough to Pulteney and Marlborough to Hern 11 September 1710 in Murray Dispatches V p.136.

  113 B. Cadogan to Marlborough 15 February 1711, Cadogan Papers. The tone of this barely legible letter
suggests that it was written by the widow of a regimental colonel killed at Malplaquet, and its content, author’s name and present location suggest a Cadogan family connection. I have, however, been unable to discover the lady’s identity.

  114 Cadogan to Raby 5 December 1707, Cadogan Papers.

  115 Scouller Armies of Queen Anne p.75.

  116 Marlborough to St John 16 July 1711 in Murray Dispatches V pp.412–13.

  117 Marlborough to Sweet 20 December 1710 ibid. p.245.

  118 Marlborough to Halifax 13 September 1710 ibid. p.139.

  119 Marlborough to Bothmar 17 September 1710 ibid. p.143.

  120 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 10 November 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1654.

  121 Lever Godolphin p.257.

  122 Philip Roberts (ed.) The Diary of Sir David Hamilton 1709–14 (Oxford 1975) pp.22–3.

  123 Lever Godolphin pp.259, 261–2.

  124 Hamilton Diary p.25.

  125 Burnet History VI p.33.

  126 Ibid. p.34.

  127 Hamilton Diary p.27.

  128 Burnet History VI p.33.

  129 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Conduct p.279.

  130 Gregg Queen Anne p.329.

  131 Marlborough to Godolphin 5 July 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1543.

  132 Colyear had joined his father’s regiment in Dutch service in 1675, and risen to command it: his English was now so rusty that Marlborough wrote to him in French.

  133 Marlborough to Godolphin 9 November 1710 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1652.

  134 Marlborough to Godolphin 27 October 1710 ibid. p.1648.

  135 Marlborough to Raby 10 November 1710 in Murray Dispatches V p.218.

  136 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 16 April 1711 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1662.

  137 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 18 May 1711 ibid. pp.1666–7.

  138 Burton Captain-General p.180.

  139 Marlborough to Heinsius 11 June 1711 in Marlborough – Heinsius p.547.

  140 Marlborough to Heinsius 25 June 1711 ibid. p.550.

  141 Churchill Marlborough VI pp.410–11.

  142 Ibid. p.418.

  143 Kane Memoirs p.90.

  144 Marlborough to Godolphin 27 July 1711 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1673.

  145 William, Viscount Rialton to Marlborough 9 August 1711 in BL Add Mss 61368 f.41.

  146 Kane Memoirs pp.91–2.

  147 Marlborough to Godolphin 30 July 1711 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1674.

  148 Chandler Robert Parker pp.100–1.

  149 Ibid. pp.101–3.

  150 Deane Journal p.133.

  151 Marlborough to Heinsius 13 August 1711 in Marlborough – Heinsius p.558.

  152 Chandler Robert Parker p.108.

  153 Marlborough to Godolphin 14 September 1711 in Snyder Marlborough – Godolphin III p.1679.

  154 Trevelyan The Peace and the Protestant Succession p.207.

  155 Marlborough to Oxford 8 October 1711 in BL Add Mss 61125 f.129.

  156 Churchill Marlborough VI p.483.

  157 Cadogan to Marlborough 20 January 1712, Cadogan Papers.

  158 Burton Captain-General p.188.

  159 Marlborough to Albemarle 28 January 1712 in Murray Dispatches VI p.574.

  160 Marlborough to Wheate 4 March 1712 ibid. p.579.

  161 De Vault and Pelet XI p.463.

  162 Chandler Robert Parker pp.119–20.

  163 Bishop Life and Adventures p.235.

  164 Kane Memoirs p.102.

  165 Churchill Marlborough VI p.530.

  166 Ibid. p.569.

  167 Ibid. p.571.

  168 Ibid. p.575.

  169 Oxford to Maynwaring 31 October 1712 in Coxe Memoirs III p.325.

  170 Churchill Marlborough VI p.575.

  171 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 21 January 1713 ibid. pp.579–80.

  172 Marlborough to Duchess of Marlborough 5 February 1713 ibid. p.580.

  173 Quoted in Frances Harris A Passion for Government: The Life of Sarah Duchess of Marlborough (Oxford 1991) p.193.

  174 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Letters … from the originals at Madresfield Court (London 1875) pp.32–3.

  175 HMC Bath I pp.37–8.

  176 Coxe Memoirs III pp.341–3. For confirmation of the exchange see Cokayne et al. The Complete Peerage (13 vols, London 1910–59) VIII p.493.

  177 Churchill Marlborough VI p.589.

  178 Ibid. p.584.

  179 Duke of Berwick to Marlborough 8 September 1703 in BL Add Mss 61270 f.1.

  180 Sir Archibald Alison Life of John, Duke of Marlborough (2 vols, London 1852) II p.247.

  181 Gregg Queen Anne p.375.

  182 Marlborough to Maynwaring 9? June 1714 in Coxe Memoirs III pp.360–1.

  183 Marlborough to Robethon 9 July 1714 in Macpherson Original Papers II p.632.

  184 Churchill Marlborough VI p.623.

  185 Cadogan to Marlborough 30 October 1715, Cadogan Papers.

  186 Harris Passion for Government p.210.

  187 William Matthews (ed.) The Diary of Dudley Ryder 1715–1716 (London 1939) p.363.

  188 Harris Passion for Government p.120.

  189 Ibid. p.219. All three children of the marriage died in infancy, and Sunderland himself died in 1722.

  190 Christopher Hibbert The Marlboroughs (London 2001) p.314.

  191 Churchill Marlborough VI p.645.

  192 Ibid. pp.646–7.

  193 Hamilton to Marlborough 5 June 1718 in HMC Stuart VI p.534.

  194 Hibbert Marlboroughs p.318.

  195 Ibid. pp.319–20.

  196 Ibid. pp.321–2. Sadly, the last quote seems apocryphal.

  197 Ibid. p.325.

  198 Iris Butler Rule of Three: Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, and her Companions in Power (London 1967) p.325.

  199 Hibbert Marlboroughs pp.348–9.

  200 Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Letters at Madresfield Court p.xviii.

  201 Harris Passion for Government p.348.

  202 V.G. Kiernan ‘George Macartney’ in New Dictionary of National Biography Vol. 35 p.25.

  203 Ingoldsby to Marlborough 31 December 1706 in BL Add Mss 61157 ff.44–6.

  204 Colonel Hugh Boscawen ‘Over the Hills and Far Away: Marlborough: Blenheim and Ramillies – A Reconnaissance’ in British Army Review No. 142 Summer 2007 p.81.

  205 Chandler Robert Parker p.115.

  206 Harris Passion for Government p.107.

  207 Bevan Marlborough p.294.

  SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

  ARCHIVES

  British Library

  MARLBOROUGH AND DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGH

  Add Mss 9094–9113 Marlborough’s correspondence

  Add Mss 9114 Journal of campaigns (usually attributed to Chaplain General Francis Hare, though the earlier material is probably the work of Josias Sandby, secretary to General Charles Churchill and chaplain to the artillery train)

  Add Mss 9118–9122 Letters and Papers of the Duchess of Marlborough

  Add Mss 61101 Letters from Queen Anne to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61119–61122 Letters to Marlborough from Sir Charles Hedges

  Add Mss 61125 Letters to Marlborough from Harley (later Earl of Oxford)

  Add Mss 61132 Letters to Marlborough from St John (later Viscount Bolingbroke)

  Add Mss 61133 Letters to Marlborough from William Blathwayt

  Add Mss 61157 Letters from Lord Portmore to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61163 Letters from Lieutenant General Richard Ingoldsby to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61363 Letters from the Duke of Buckingham and Knightley Chetwode to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61366 Letters from Charles Davenant to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61368 Letters from William Godolphin, Viscount Rialton (later Marquess of Blandford) to Marlborough

  Add Mss 61270 Letters from Duke of Berwick to Marlborough

  Add Mss 70938–70943 Marlborough to Sir Charles
Hedges, William Blathwayt and Dutch officials

  Add Mss 70944 (formerly Philipps Mss 11539) Orders of battle with watercolour illustrations 1703–1712

  Add Mss 70945 Miscellaneous correspondence

  WILLIAM CADOGAN

  Add Mss 22196 Cadogan to Lord Raby (later Earl of Strafford)

  ADAM DE CARDONNEL

  Add Mss 28917–8 Letters from Cardonnel to John Ellis, under-secretary of state

  Add Mss 42176 Letters from Cardonnel to deputy judge advocate general John Watkins

  JEAN DE ROBETHON

  Stowe Mss 222–231 includes correspondence with Cadogan and Marlborough

  National Archives

  WO 5/1 Secretary at War, Marching and militia orders

  National Army Museum

  6909/4 Account and map of the action at Elixheim (Lines of Brabant) 1705

  Cadogan Papers, Cadogan Estate Office

  Assorted correspondence of William Cadogan, much of it duplicating letters in BL Add Mss 22196, but including some original material

  Unpublished Mss biography ‘William, 1st Earl Cadogan’ by Patricia Dickson

  Published Collections of Papers

  Beatrice Curtis Brown Letters and Diplomatic Instructions of Queen Anne (London 1968)

  The Private Papers of William First Earl Cowper (Eton 1833)

  William Coxe (ed.) Private and Original Correspondence of Charles Talbot, Duke of Shrewsbury (London 1821)

  Sir John Dalrymple Memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland (3 vols, London 1790)

  H.C. Foxcroft (ed.) The Life and Letters of Sir George Savile, First Marquess of Halifax (2 vols, London 1898)

  S.R. Gardiner (ed.) Constitutional Documents of the Puritan Revolution 1625–1660 (Oxford 1962)

  The Correspondence of Sir Thomas Hanmer Bart (London 1838)

  Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke Miscellaneous State Papers from 1501 to 1726 (2 vols, London 1778)

  Sarah Duchess of Marlborough Private Correspondence of the Duchess of Marlborough (2 vols, London 1838)

  Sir George Murray (ed.) Letters and Dispatches of John Churchill … (5 vols, London 1845)

  Reports of the Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts

  Bath

  Buccleuch

  Cathcart

  Cowper

  Dartmouth

  Downshire

  Le Fleming