Marlborough

  and Marlborough’s march to Danube, 264, 268

  and Marlborough at the Schellenberg, 270

  awarded Garter, 280

  and tacked Occasional Conformity Bill, 298–9

  and Anne’s changed relations with Sarah, 299

  and building of Blenheim Palace, 300

  and Sunderland’s appointment to Vienna, 304

  and funding of 1705 campaign, 309

  and Marlborough’s manoeuvres in 1705 campaign, 310, 317

  and Marlborough’s frustration with Slangenburg, 325

  and Prince Louis’ defeat by Villars, 331

  and death of Bringfield, 343

  and commanders in Iberian Peninsula, 350

  on Galway’s command in Iberian Peninsula, 351

  as Anne’s chief minister, 353

  earldom, 353

  on senior officers remaining in London, 354–5

  and appointment of Bishop of Winchester, 355

  and Allied attack on Toulon, 360

  demands Harley’s dismissal, 363

  and admission of Somers to Cabinet, 364

  and Marlborough’s depression over loss of Ghent, 377

  and Marlborough’s actions and victory at Oudenarde, 379, 391

  and Marlborough’s strategy at Lille, 396, 404

  informed of Webb’s Wynendaele battle, 400

  on Webb’s promotion, 401

  on Prince George’s health decline and death, 408–9

  Marlborough fails to consult over appointment as captain general for life, 413

  on Sacheverell’s trial, 414

  Marlborough writes to on Villars in Flanders, 417

  and Marlborough’s move on Mons (1709), 421

  and Dutch at Malplaquet, 430

  warns Anne of Marlborough’s resignation threat, 442–3

  Anne dismisses, 443–4

  death and burial, 444, 464

  and Craggs, 445

  and Anne’s determination to dismiss Sarah, 449

  and Marlborough’s siege of Bouchain, 457

  protests in Lords at Treaty of Utrecht terms, 462

  Godolphin, William (Marlborough’s grandson), 280

  Goes, Johann Peter, Count, 201

  Goësbriand, Lieutenant General de, 424

  Gondrin, Louis Antoine de Pardaillan, marquis de, 336

  Goodman, Cardell, 63

  Goor, Lieutenant General Johan van, 255–6, 271, 273, 275

  Gorsuch, Colonel Charles, 405

  Goslinga, Sicco van:

  sees Marlborough at prayer, 139

  at battle of Landen, 182

  on Dutch deputies on campaign, 199

  and Marlborough’s 1705 campaign in Brabant, 312

  and Dutch view of Marlborough’s conduct of war, 317

  declines honour from Emperor, 318

  at battle of Ramillies, 335, 347

  on Marlborough’s alarm at loss of Ghent and Bruges, 372

  in Flanders campaign (1708), 373–4

  at battle of Oudenarde, 388

  attends council of war with Marlborough, 391

  on capture of Lille, 404

  on Marlborough’s 1709 Flanders campaign, 418

  on peace terms with France (1709), 420–1

  in battle of Malplaquet, 429

  on Tilly’s wife, 455

  and Marlborough’s 1711 campaign against Villars, 456

  Mémoires relatifs à la Guerre de Succession, 9–10

  Grafton, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of:

  acquires regiment, 54

  birth, 62

  in Cockpit circle, 108

  opposes Monmouth’s rebellion, 124

  conspires against James II, 136

  and William’s invasion and advance, 150

  abandons James II, 151

  death in Ireland, 170

  Graham, Lieutenant Colonel:

  killed (1689), 161

  grain prices:

  in London, 441

  Gramont, Philibert comte de, 83, 311

  Grand Alliance:

  Elector of Bavaria leaves, 239

  Marlborough holds together, 479

  Grand Alliance, Treaty of (1701), 193, 201–2

  Grave, Netherlands, 224–5, 227

  Great Bedwyn (constituency), 31–2

  Great Britain:

  constituted (1707), 356

  first Parliament (1707), 363

  financial difficulties, 440–1

  rise to world power, 477

  see also England

  Great Northern War (1700–20), 306, 358

  Great Trill (house), Axminster, 42

  Greg, William, 363

  Gregg, Edward, 103, 210, 237–8, 328, 438, 450

  grenades and grenadiers, 72–3, 116

  Grenville, George, 219

  Greville, Colonel John, 170

  Grey de Ruthin, Henry Yelverton, 15th Baron, 140

  Grey of Wark, Ford Grey, 3rd Baron, 18, 111, 123–4

  Griffin, Edward, 99, 107

  Grimaldi, Lieutenant General Antonio, marquis de, 372–3, 385

  Groenwald, 385–7

  Grumbkow, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 376, 388, 407

  Guedalla, Philip, 14

  Gueldermalsen, Adriaen van Borssele van der, Baron, 196, 231, 391

  Guelders, 231, 249

  Guiche, Antoine Charles IV Gramont, comte de, 340, 424

  Guiscard, Jean, 130

  Guiscard, Martha, 130

  Guiscard-Magny, Louis, marquis de, 341

  Gwyn, John, 53–4

  Gwyn, Nell, 27, 91, 109

  Hacker, John, 126

  Hague, The:

  Mauritshuis, 193

  Marlborough visits Heinsius in, 222

  postal service, 223

  French negotiate in (1705), 318–19

  peace negotiations in (1709), 409–10

  Haguenau, Lines of, 326, 331

  Haine, river, 422

  halberds, 307

  Hales, Colonel Sir Edward, 131 & n, 132

  Halifax, Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of:

  ennobled, 28

  in Whig junto, 35n; and Exclusion crisis, 93

  on Rochester’s position, 101

  and birth of Prince James Francis Edward Stuart, 137

  and William’s accession, 156

  and Marlborough’s imprisonment in Tower, 180

  sets up Bank of England, 189

  and Marlborough’s award of commissions, 208

  and Marlborough’s administrative duties, 448

  Hall, Jacob, 63

  Hamilton, Charles (‘comte d’Arran’), 65

  Hamilton, Sir David, 445, 448–9, 463

  Hamilton, Frances, Lady see Tyrconnell, Frances, Countess of

  Hamilton, Sir George:

  commands Irish regiment, 52, 80, 86

  and battle of Sinsheim, 80

  marriage to Frances Jennings, 86

  killed, 89

  Hamilton, James Douglas, 4th Duke of (earlier Earl of Arran), 19, 65

  Hamilton, James (Jacobite agent), 474

  Hamilton, Colonel John, 20

  Hamilton, Colonel Richard, 158

  Hampton Court, 57

  Hanover:

  Marlborough visits, 329

  Hanover, Ernst Augustus, Elector of, 261, 328–9

  Hanover, George, Elector of see George I, King

  Hanover, Prince Georg August, Elector of, 192

  Hanover, Sophia, Electress of, 191–2, 328

  death, 468–9

  Hanoverian succession, 15, 37, 192, 261, 328–9, 463

  Happy Return (ship), 99

  Hapsburgs:

  and Spanish succession, 193, 452

  antagonise Hungarians, 250

  super-state averted, 459

  Harcourt, Marshal Henri I, duc d’ (1709), 216

  Harcourt, Simon, 1st Viscount, 444

  Hare, Francis, 8, 374

  Harley, Robert see Oxford and Mortimer, 1st Earl of

  Harley, Thomas, 468

&
nbsp; Harris, Frances, 473, 477

  Harris, Tim, 34, 37

  Hart, Charles, 63

  Harvey, Major General Daniel, 264, 355

  Harvey, William, 14

  Hauterive, 402

  Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 477

  Hawley, Lieutenant General Henry (‘Hangman’), 205

  Hay, Colonel Lord John, 347–8

  Hearne, Captain Nicholas, 405, 446

  Hearne, Thomas, 441

  Hedges, Sir Charles, 206, 208, 325

  Heidelberg, 259

  Heidenheim, 266, 306

  Heinsius, Anthonie:

  and French invasion of Spanish Netherlands, 193

  background and diplomatic career, 200

  relations with William of Orange, 200

  relations with Marlborough, 201, 222

  and Marlborough’s responsibilities, 203

  and Dutch cavalry armour, 206

  and threat from Boufflers, 224, 229

  and siege of Venlo, 227

  Marlborough recommends Gell to, 232

  and death of Marlborough’s son, 236

  and additional troops for campaign, 240

  on Cutts’s plans, 241

  and English threat to retain Ostend, 243

  and attempt on Antwerp, 244

  and Marlborough’s pessimism over conduct of war, 246

  and Dutch failure to support offensive action, 247, 256

  and Marlborough’s view of importance of Prince William of Baden, 251

  Marlborough urges to support Austrians, 254

  and Marlborough’s strategy against Villeroi, 256

  and Marlborough’s plans to harass Bavaria, 277

  and siege of Ingolstadt, 279

  acknowledges Marlborough’s princely title, 303

  on French threat to Liège and Limburg, 310

  and Marlborough’s plans in 1705 campaign, 311, 317

  and Marlborough’s frustration with Slangenburg, 325

  and Marlborough’s ill-health, 328

  and Marlborough’s plans for 1706 campaign, 330–1

  and diversionary attack on Toulon, 357–8

  and Marlborough’s campaign against Vendôme, 361

  letter to Marlborough on failure in Spain, 362

  warns of difficulties in 1708 campaign, 362

  warned of proposal to abandon Brussels, 371

  and siege of Lille, 398

  and peace negotiations with France, 419–20, 435

  told of Marlborough’s money rewards, 439

  and increase in British troops, 448

  and Eugène’s command on Rhine, 452

  and Prussian claim on Prince of Orange’s territories, 453

  and Marlborough’s 1711 strategy, 456

  Helchin, 395

  Henderson, Sir Nicholas, 267

  Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I, 51

  Herbert, Admiral Arthur see Torrington, 1st Earl of

  Herbert of Cherbury, Henry, 4th Baron:

  duel with Marlborough, 61

  Herlegem, 386–7

  Hertford, Algernon Seymour, Marquess of (later 7th Duke of Somerset), 207, 446

  Hervey, Isabella, Lady, 23, 63

  Hervey, John, Baron (later 1st Earl of Bristol):

  title, 28, 238

  on Willigo Blandford, 449

  Hesdin, 453

  Hesse-Cassel, Frederick, Prince of (later King of Sweden), 251, 258, 268, 275, 395, 400, 429–30

  Hesse-Cassel, Louis, Prince of, 344

  Heurne, 384

  Heyden, Baron de, 227

  Hibbert, Christopher, 476

  ‘High Germany’ (song), 306

  High Wycombe (constituency), 33

  Hill, Abigail see Masham, Abigail, Lady

  Hill, Jack, 23, 190, 414–15, 442, 446

  Höchstäadt, 281–2

  battle of (1703), 251

  Hodges, Charles, 268

  Hodges, Colonel, 161

  Hogneau, river, 432

  Hollins, Colonel, 447

  Holmes, Colonel Abraham, 112, 125

  Holstein-Beck, Anthony Gunther, Prince of, 230

  Holy Roman Empire see Austria

  Holywell House, near St Albans, 100, 102, 208, 238, 472–3

  Hompesch, Major General Reynout Vincent, Baron, 245, 272, 299, 311, 454–6

  Honeywood, Colonel Philip, 24, 445–6

  Hooke, Robert, 14

  Hop, Jacob, 243–5

  Horn, Count, 272, 275

  Hornes, Philippe Maximilian, comte de, 315

  Hounslow Heath:

  military camps, 134, 137

  Hucker, Captain John, 123

  Huddlestone, Father John, 109

  Hudson’s Bay Company, 110, 135

  Huguenots:

  flee France, 129–30

  refugee troops against French, 330

  Humières, Marshal Louis de Crevant, duc d’, 159–62

  Hungary:

  rebellion against Austrian Empire, 250–1

  Huntingdon, George Hastings, 8th Earl of, 228

  Huy:

  captured, 247, 249

  French threaten, 259, 332

  Villeroi captures, 310

  trenches, 312

  garrison exchanged for prisoners of war, 367

  Hyde, Anne see York, Duchess of

  Hyde, Lieutenant James, 99

  Hyde, Laurence see Rochester, 1st Earl of

  Iberian Peninsula see Portugal; Spain Indulgence, Declarations of:

  (1672), 67, 77

  (1688), 28

  Industrial Revolution, 14, 31

  infantry tactics:

  battalion and platoon firing, 284–5

  Ingoldsby, Lieutenant General Richard, 204, 312, 478

  Ingolstadt, 250

  siege (1704), 279

  Innocent XI, Pope, 146

  interest and influence (patronage), 22–7, 31

  Ireland:

  troops raised, 50

  and religious persecution, 130

  army reformed under James II, 132–4

  campaign in (1690–1), 159, 164–71

  foreign troops in, 169–70

  Marlborough’s expedition to, 169–70

  troops at Malplaquet, 427

  see also Boyne, battle of the

  Irwin, Major, 405

  Italy:

  campaigns, 224, 309, 329–30, 359

  Marlborough plans visit to, 331

  French withdraw from, 350, 356, 359

  Jacobites and Jacobitism:

  as threat, 15

  Marlborough maintains links with, 153, 165–6, 184, 191, 392, 467, 471, 474

  rebellion (1715), 153, 470–1

  ex-officers embrace, 158

  Godolphin’s links with, 165

  plots, 187

  attempted landing in Scotland (1708), 215, 364, 369, 370

  Whigs fear invasion, 463

  rebellion (1745), 471

  Jaeger, Marie Sophie, 366

  James I, King of England (James VI of Scotland), 27, 67

  James II, King of England, Scotland and Ireland (earlier Duke of York):

  Marlborough abandons, 3, 151–3

  mistresses and affairs, 14, 47, 87

  deposed, 15–16

  and cruel punishments, 18, 95

  exile in Netherlands, 26, 92–3

  Declaration of Indulgence (1688), 28

  and military officers, 36

  Arlington serves, 45

  affair and children with Arabella Churchill, 47–8

  marriage to Anne Hyde, 47

  and Marlborough’s army commission, 55

  Marlborough serves, 57–8, 70, 92

  as colonel of Lord High Admiral’s Regiment, 61

  naval command against Dutch, 68–9

  favours Marlborough, 77, 89

  Catholicism, 78, 95, 128–9, 131–3, 138–9

  resigns office over religion, 78

  second marriage (to Mary of Modena), 78

  reliance on Irish Catholics, 90


  and exclusion crisis, 91–3

  in Scotland, 93–5

  Argyll opposes, 95–6

  character, 96

  returns to England (1682), 96–7

  escapes from sinking Gloucester, 97–9

  and Anne’s marriage to Prince George, 106

  accession, 109

  and Charles II’s deathbed Catholic reconciliation, 109

  financial support from Louis XIV, 109

  grants English barony to Marlborough, 110

  and Monmouth rebellion, 111, 113–14

  unpopularity, 128–9, 166

  army, 131–5

  dissolves Parliament, 131–2

  allows decline of militias, 132

  conspiracies against, 135–6, 141–4

  birth of son, 137

  seeks repeal of Test Acts, 137

  touches for King’s Evil, 138

  and William’s invasion of England, 142, 145, 147, 149–50, 155

  nosebleeds, 149–50

  Marlborough maintains relations with, 150, 165–6

  abandons plans to resist William, 151

  flees to France, 155–6

  campaign in Ireland, 159, 164, 166–8

  letter of submission from Anne, 166

  and death of daughter Mary, 186

  and Jacobite plots, 187

  court at St Germain en Laye, 193

  supports assassination of William, 193

  death, 194

  James Francis Edward Stuart, Prince of Wales (‘the Old Pretender’):

  portrait, 12

  birth, 137, 141

  and succession to James II, 141

  and Jacobite rebellion (1715), 153, 471

  claims to throne, 166, 191

  Louis XIV recognises as James’s heir, 194

  Marlborough demands expulsion from France, 201

  attempted landing in Britain (1708), 215, 364, 369

  on campaign in Low Countries, 226

  with Burgundy at battle of Oudenarde, 392

  warns French against offering battle for Lille, 395–6

  Catholicism, 468

  and succession to Anne, 468

  Jeffreys, George, Baron, 126

  Jenkins’ Ear, War of (1739), 458

  Jennings, Frances (Sarah Marlborough’s mother), 83–4, 86

  Jennings, Frances (Sarah’s sister) see Tyrconnell, Countess of

  Jennings, Richard (Sarah Marlborough’s father), 83

  Jermy, Thomas, 97

  Jersey, Barbara, Countess of (née Chiffinch), 25–6, 162–3

  Jersey, Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of, 162–3

  Jones, George Hilton, 147

  Jones, Inigo, 56

  Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, 250, 326, 329, 362

  death and succession, 452, 458

  Junto see Whigs

  Kane, Brigadier General Richard:

  papers, 8

  commends Withers at Maastricht, 75

  on Dutch view of Marlborough as commander, 199

  and siege of Venlo, 228

  on march into Germany, 258–9