Enlightenment Now
Lewis, B. 1990/1992. Race and slavery in the Middle East: An historical enquiry. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lewis, B. 2002. What went wrong? The clash between Islam and modernity in the Middle East. New York: HarperPerennial.
Lewis, J. E., DeGusta, D., Meyer, M. R., Monge, J. M., Mann, A. E., et al. 2011. The mismeasure of science: Stephen Jay Gould versus Samuel George Morton on skulls and bias. PLOS Biology, 9.
Lewis, M. 2016. The undoing project: A friendship that changed our minds. New York: Norton.
Liebenberg, L. 1990. The art of tracking: The origin of science. Cape Town: David Philip.
Liebenberg, L. 2014. The origin of science: On the evolutionary roots of science and its implications for self-education and citizen science. Cape Town: CyberTracker. http://www.cybertracker.org/science/books.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Ammirati, R., & Landfield, K. 2009. Giving debiasing away. Perspectives in Psychological Science, 4, 390–98.
Lilienfeld, S. O., Ritschel, L. A., Lynn, S. J., Cautin, R. L., & Latzman, R. D. 2013. Why many clinical psychologists are resistant to evidence-based practice: Root causes and constructive remedies. Clinical Psychology Review, 33, 883–900.
Lilla, M. 2001. The reckless mind: Intellectuals in politics. New York: New York Review of Books.
Lilla, M. 2016. The shipwrecked mind: On political reaction. New York: New York Review of Books.
Lindert, P. 2004. Growing public: Social spending and economic growth since the eighteenth century (vol. 1: The story). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Linker, D. 2007. The theocons: Secular America under siege. New York: Random House.
Liu, L., Oza, S., Hogan, D., Perin, J., Rudan, I., et al. 2014. Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2000–13, with projections to inform post-2015 priorities: An updated systematic analysis. The Lancet, 385, 430–40.
Livingstone, M. S. 2014. Vision and art: The biology of seeing (updated ed.). New York: Harry Abrams.
Lloyd, S. 2006. Programming the universe: A quantum computer scientist takes on the cosmos. New York: Vintage.
Lodge, D. 2002. Consciousness and the novel. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
López, R. E., & Holle, R. L. 1998. Changes in the number of lightning deaths in the United States during the twentieth century. Journal of Climate, 11, 2070–77.
Lord, C. G., Ross, L., & Lepper, M. R. 1979. Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequently considered evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 2098–2109.
Luard, E. 1986. War in international society. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Lucas, R. E. 1988. On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22, 3–42.
Lukianoff, G. 2012. Unlearning liberty: Campus censorship and the end of American debate. New York: Encounter Books.
Lukianoff, G. 2014. Freedom from speech. New York: Encounter Books.
Luria, A. R. 1976. Cognitive development: Its cultural and social foundations. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Lutz, W., Butz, W. P., & Samir, K. C., eds. 2014. World population and human capital in the twenty-first century. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lutz, W., Cuaresma, J. C., & Abbasi-Shavazi, M. J. 2010. Demography, education, and democracy: Global trends and the case of Iran. Population Development Review, 36, 253–81.
Lynn, R., Harvey, J., & Nyborg, H. 2009. Average intelligence predicts atheism rates across 137 nations. Intelligence, 37, 11–15.
MacAskill, W. 2015. Doing good better: Effective altruism and how you can make a difference. New York: Penguin.
Macnamara, J. 1999. Through the rearview mirror: Historical reflections on psychology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Maddison Project. 2014. Maddison Project. http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/home.htm.
Mahbubani, K. 2013. The great convergence: Asia, the West, and the logic of one world. New York: PublicAffairs.
Mahbubani, K., & Summers, L. H. 2016. The fusion of civilizations. Foreign Affairs, May/June.
Makari, G. 2015. The soul machine: The invention of the modern mind. New York: Norton.
Makel, M. C., Kell, H. J., Lubinski, D., Putallaz, M., & Benbow, C. P. 2016. When lightning strikes twice: Profoundly gifted, profoundly accomplished. Psychological Science, 27, 1004–18.
Mankiw, G. 2013. Defending the one percent. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27, 2134.
Mann, T. E., & Ornstein, N. J. 2012/2016. It’s even worse than it looks: How the American constitutional system collided with the new politics of extremism (new ed.). New York: Basic Books.
Marcus, G. 2015. Machines won’t be thinking anytime soon. Edge. https://www.edge.org/response-detail/26175.
Marcus, G. 2016. Is big data taking us closer to the deeper questions in artificial intelligence? Edge. https://www.edge.org/conversation/gary_marcus-is-big-data-taking-us-closer-to-the-deeper-questions-in-artificial.
Maritain, J. 1949. Introduction. In UNESCO, Human rights: Comments and interpretations. New York: Columbia University Press.
Marlowe, F. 2010. The Hadza: Hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Marshall, M. G. 2016. Major episodes of political violence, 1946–2015. Vienna, VA: Center for Systemic Peace. http://www.systemicpeace.org/warlist/warlist.htm.
Marshall, M. G., & Gurr, T. R. 2014. Polity IV individual country regime trends, 1946–2013. Vienna, VA: Center for Systemic Peace. http://www.systemicpeace.org/polity/polity4x.htm.
Marshall, M. G., Gurr, T. R., & Harff, B. 2009. PITF State Failure Problem Set: Internal wars and failures of governance, 1955–2008. Dataset and coding guidelines. Vienna, VA: Center for Systemic Peace. http://www.systemicpeace.org/inscr/PITFProbSetCodebook2014.pdf.
Marshall, M. G., Gurr, T. R., & Jaggers, K. 2016. Polity IV project: Political regime characteristics and transitions, 1800–2015, dataset users’ manual. Vienna, VA: Center for Systemic Peace. http://systemicpeace.org/inscrdata.html.
Mathers, C. D., Sadana, R., Salomon, J. A., Murray, C. J. L., & Lopez, A. D. 2001. Healthy life expectancy in 191 countries, 1999. The Lancet, 357, 1685–91.
Mattisson, C., Bogren, M., Nettelbladt, P., Munk-Jörgensen, P., & Bhugra, D. 2005. First incidence depression in the Lundby study: A comparison of the two time periods 1947–1972 and 1972–1997. Journal of Affective Disorders, 87, 151–60.
McCloskey, D. N. 1994. Bourgeois virtue. American Scholar, 63, 177–91.
McCloskey, D. N. 1998. Bourgeois virtue and the history of P and S. Journal of Economic History, 58, 297–317.
McCloskey, D. N. 2014. Measured, unmeasured, mismeasured, and unjustified pessimism: A review essay of Thomas Piketty’s “Capital in the twenty-first century.” Erasmus Journal of Philosophy and Economics, 7, 73–115.
McCullough, M. E. 2008. Beyond revenge: The evolution of the forgiveness instinct. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
McEvedy, C., & Jones, R. 1978. Atlas of world population history. London: Allen Lane.
McGinn, C. 1993. Problems in philosophy: The limits of inquiry. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
McGinnis, J. O. 1996. The original constitution and our origins. Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 19, 251–61.
McGinnis, J. O. 1997. The human constitution and constitutive law: A prolegomenon. Journal of Contemporary Legal Issues, 8, 211–39.
McKay, C. 1841/1995. Extraordinary popular delusions and the madness of crowds. New York: Wiley.
McMahon, D. M. 2001. Enemies of the Enlightenment: The French counter-Enlightenment and the making of modernity. New York: Oxford University Press.
McMahon, D. M. 2006. Happiness: A history. New York: Grove/Atlantic.
McNally, R. J. 2016. The expanding empire of psychopathology: The case of PTSD. Psychol
ogical Inquiry, 27, 46–49.
McNaughton-Cassill, M. E. 2001. The news media and psychological distress. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 14, 191–211.
McNaughton-Cassill, M. E., & Smith, T. 2002. My world is OK, but yours is not: Television news, the optimism gap, and stress. Stress and Health, 18, 27–33.
Meehl, P. E. 1954/2013. Clinical versus statistical prediction: A theoretical analysis and a review of the evidence. Brattleboro, VT: Echo Point Books.
Meeske, A. J., Riley, E. P., Robins, W. P., Uehara, T., Mekalanos, J. J., et al. 2016. SEDS proteins are a widespread family of bacterial cell wall polymerases. Nature, 537, 634–38.
Melander, E., Pettersson, T., & Themnér, L. 2016. Organized violence, 1989–2015. Journal of Peace Research, 53, 727–42.
Mellers, B. A., Hertwig, R., & Kahneman, D. 2001. Do frequency representations eliminate conjunction effects? An exercise in adversarial collaboration. Psychological Science, 12, 269–75.
Mellers, B. A., Ungar, L., Baron, J., Ramos, J., Gurcay, B., et al. 2014. Psychological strategies for winning a geopolitical forecasting tournament. Psychological Science, 25, 1–10.
Menschenfreund, Y. 2010. The Holocaust and the trial of modernity. Azure, 39, 58–83. http://azure.org.il/include/print.php?id=526.
Mercier, H., & Sperber, D. 2011. Why do humans reason? Arguments for an argumentative theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34, 57–111.
Mercier, H., & Sperber, D. 2017. The enigma of reason. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Merquior, J. G. 1985. Foucault. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Merton, R. K. 1942/1973. The normative structure of science. In R. K. Merton, ed., The sociology of science: Theoretical and empirical investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. 2011. The material well-being of the poor and the middle class since 1980. Washington: American Enterprise Institute.
Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. 2012. Winning the war: Poverty from the Great Society to the Great Recession. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 133–200.
Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. 2016. Consumption and income inequality in the U.S. since the 1960s. NBER Working Paper 23655. https://www3.nd.edu/~jsulliv4/Inequality3.6.pdf.
Meyer, B. D., & Sullivan, J. X. 2017. Annual report on U.S. consumption poverty. http://www.aei.org/publication/annual-report-on-us-consumption-poverty-2016/.
Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., The Google Books Team, Pickett, J. P., Hoiberg, D., Clancy, D., Norvig, P., Orwant, J., Pinker, S., Nowak, M., & Lieberman-Aiden, E. 2010. Quantitative analysis of culture using millions of digitized books. Science, 331, 167–82.
Milanović, B. 2012. Global income inequality by the numbers: In history and now—an overview. Washington: World Bank Development Research Group.
Milanović, B. 2016. Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Miller, M., Azrael, D., & Barber, C. 2012. Suicide mortality in the United States: The importance of attending to method in understanding population-level disparities in the burden of suicide. Annual Review of Public Health, 33, 393–408.
Miller, R. A., & Albert, K. 2015. If it leads, it bleeds (and if it bleeds, it leads): Media coverage and fatalities in militarized interstate disputes. Political Communication, 32, 61–82.
Miller, T. R., Lawrence, B. A., Carlson, N. N., Hendrie, D., Randall, S., et al. 2016. Perils of police action: A cautionary tale from US data sets. Injury Prevention.
Moatsos, M., Baten, J., Foldvari, P., van Leeuwen, B., & van Zanden, J. L. 2014. Income inequality since 1820. In J. van Zanden, J. Baten, M. M. d’Ercole, A. Rijpma, C. Smith, & M. Timmer, eds., How was life? Global well-being since 1820. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Mokyr, J. 2012. The enlightened economy: An economic history of Britain, 1700–1850. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Mokyr, J. 2014. Secular stagnation? Not in your life. In C. Teulings & R. Baldwin, eds., Secular stagnation: Facts, causes and cures. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
Montgomery, S. L., & Chirot, D. 2015. The shape of the new: Four big ideas and how they made the modern world. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Mooney, C. 2005. The Republican war on science. New York: Basic Books.
Morewedge, C. K., Yoon, H., Scopelliti, I., Symborski, C. W., Korris, J. H., et al. 2015. Debiasing decisions: Improved decision making with a single training intervention. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2, 129–40.
Morton, O. 2015. The planet remade: How geoengineering could change the world. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Moss, J. 2005. The 482nd convocation address: Could Morton do it today? University of Chicago Record, 40, 27–28.
Mozgovoi, A. 2002. Recollections of Vadim Orlov (USSR submarine B-59). The Cuban Samba of the Quartet of Foxtrots: Soviet submarines in the Caribbean crisis of 1962. http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/nsa/cuba_mis_cri/020000%20Recollections%20of%20Vadim%20Orlov.pdf.
Mueller, J. 1989. Retreat from doomsday: The obsolescence of major war. New York: Basic Books.
Mueller, J. 1999. Capitalism, democracy, and Ralph’s Pretty Good Grocery. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Mueller, J. 2004a. The remnants of war. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Mueller, J. 2004b. Why isn’t there more violence? Security Studies, 13, 191–203.
Mueller, J. 2006. Overblown: How politicians and the terrorism industry inflate national security threats, and why we believe them. New York: Free Press.
Mueller, J. 2009. War has almost ceased to exist: An assessment. Political Science Quarterly, 124, 297B–321.
Mueller, J. 2010a. Atomic obsession: Nuclear alarmism from Hiroshima to Al-Qaeda. New York: Oxford University Press.
Mueller, J. 2010b. Capitalism, peace, and the historical movement of ideas. International Interactions, 36, 169–84.
Mueller, J. 2012. Terror predictions. http://politicalscience.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/PREDICT.pdf.
Mueller, J. 2014. Did history end? Assessing the Fukuyama thesis. Political Science Quarterly, 129, 35–54.
Mueller, J. 2016. Embracing threatlessness: US military spending, Newt Gingrich, and the Costa Rica option. https://politicalscience.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/CNArestraintCato16.pdf.
Mueller, J., & Friedman, B. 2014. The cyberskeptics. https://www.cato.org/research/cyberskeptics.
Mueller, J., & Stewart, M. G. 2010. Hardly existential: Thinking rationally about terrorism. Foreign Affairs, April 2.
Mueller, J., & Stewart, M. G. 2016a. Chasing ghosts: The policing of terrorism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Mueller, J., & Stewart, M. G. 2016b. Conflating terrorism and insurgency. Lawfare. https://www.lawfareblog.com/conflating-terrorism-and-insurgency.
Muggah, R. 2015. Fixing fragile cities. Foreign Affairs, Jan. 15.
Muggah, R. 2016. Terrorism is on the rise—but there’s a bigger threat we’re not talking about. World Economic Forum Global Agenda. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/04/terrorism-is-on-the-rise-but-there-s-a-bigger-threat-we-re-not-talking-about/.
Muggah, R., & Szabo de Carvalho, I. 2016. The end of homicide. Foreign Affairs, Sept. 7.
Müller, J.-W. 2016. What is populism? Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Müller, V. C., & Bostrom, N. 2014. Future progress in artificial intelligence: A survey of expert opinion. In V. C. Müller, ed., Fundamental issues of artificial intelligence. New York: Springer.
Mulligan, C. B., Gil, R., & Sala-i-Martin, X. 2004. Do democracies have different public policies than nondemocracies? Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18, 51–74.
Munck, G. L., & Verkuilen, J. 2002. Conceptualizing and measuring democracy: Evaluating alternative indices. Compa
rative Political Studies, 35, 5–34.
Murphy, J. M., Laird, N. M., Monson, R. R., Sobol, A. M., & Leighton, A. H. 2000. A 40-year perspective on the prevalence of depression: The Stirling County study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57.
Murphy, J. P. M. 1999. Hitler was not an atheist. Free Inquiry, 9.
Murphy, S. K., Zeng, M., & Herzon, S. B. 2017. A modular and enantioselective synthesis of the pleuromutilin antibiotics. Science, 356, 956–59.
Murray, C. 2003. Human accomplishment: The pursuit of excellence in the arts and sciences, 800 B.C. to 1950. New York: HarperPerennial.
Murray, C. J. L., et al. (487 coauthors). 2012. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2010. The Lancet, 380, 2197–2223.
Musolino, J. 2015. The soul fallacy: What science shows we gain from letting go of our soul beliefs. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Myhrvold, N. 2014. Commentary on Jaron Lanier’s “The myth of AI.” Edge. https://www.edge.org/conversation/jaron_lanier-the-myth-of-ai#25983.
Naam, R. 2010. Top five reasons “the singularity” is a misnomer. Humanity+. http://hplusmagazine.com/2010/11/11/top-five-reasons-singularity-misnomer/.
Naam, R. 2013. The infinite resource: The power of ideas on a finite planet. Lebanon, NH: University Press of New England.
Nadelmann, E. A. 1990. Global prohibition regimes: The evolution of norms in international society. International Organization, 44, 479–526.
Nagdy, M., & Roser, M. 2016a. Military spending. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/military-spending/.
Nagdy, M., & Roser, M. 2016b. Optimism and pessimism. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/optimism-pessimism/.
Nagdy, M., & Roser, M. 2016c. Projections of future education. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/projections-of-future-education/.
Nagel, T. 1970. The possibility of altruism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Nagel, T. 1974. What is it like to be a bat? Philosophical Review, 83, 435–50.