Alexander Hamilton

  Ames, Ezra, 656

  Ames, Fisher, 306, 346, 358, 431, 459, 599, 620 on Adams, 521, 611, 617

  on AH, 51, 187, 190, 308, 400, 460, 496, 534, 555, 627

  on Jefferson, 633

  Amory, Hester, see Stevens, Hester Amory

  “Anas” scrapbook (Jefferson), 397–98, 399, 423, 429, 434, 445

  Bache, Benjamin Franklin, 230, 476, 507, 529 death of, 570–71, 575, 585

  Bache, Margaret, 575, 576

  Bacon, Sir Francis, 110, 398

  Bailyn, Bernard, 252, 518–19

  Baldwin, Luther, 575

  Baltimore, Md., 185, 341, 491

  bancomania, 380–81

  Bank of Amsterdam, 347

  Bank of England, 138, 156, 295, 347, 370

  Bank of Massachusetts, 358

  Bank of New York, 219, 276, 288, 292, 358, 360, 380, 385, 586, 587, 710

  founding of, 5, 199–202

  House investigation of AH and, 456–57 Manhattan Company compared with, 588

  Bank of North America, 157, 200, 288, 292

  Bank of the United States, 344–55, 380, 389, 446, 453, 502, 586

  board of, 348–49

  congressional approval of, 349–51

  constitutionality of, 350–54

  Gallatin’s views on, 639, 646, 647

  House investigation of AH and, 456–57 loans of, 425

  location of, 350

  Second, 355, 647, 717, 726

  stock of, 349, 357–61, 379, 404, 425

  banks, 307, 344, 499

  land, 200, 201

  money, 200, 201

  prejudice against, 201, 220, 346–48, 351–52, 521, 588

  private, 346, 347, 349

  Republican, 586–88

  see also central banks; specific banks

  baptism, 26, 35, 205, 542

  Barbados, Washington’s visit to, 86, 87

  Barber, Francis, 42, 161

  Barbot, John, 18–19

  Bard, Samuel, 203

  Bayard, James A., 611–12, 634–35, 637–38, 659

  Bayard, William, 334, 705

  Beaumetz, chevalier de, 465

  Beckley, John, 341, 408, 422, 427–29, 496, 511, 622 Reynolds affair and, 417, 428–29, 531–32, 536, 537, 538, 622

  Beckwith, George, 294–95, 333, 394, 437

  Beekman, David, 23, 31, 38

  Beekman and Cruger, 23, 27, 29–31

  Benson, Egbert, 198, 222, 334, 666

  Bentham, Jeremy, 720

  Burgoyne, John (Gentleman Johnny), 97, 98, 100, 135–36

  Burke, Aedanus, 284–85, 306, 308–9, 590

  Burke, Edmund, 30

  Burr, Aaron, Jr., 44, 143, 190–94, 278, 488, 603–10, 631–39, 672–78, 714–22

  AH compared with, 169, 186, 191–92, 418, 562

  AH’s duel with, see Hamilton-Burr duel

  AH’s feud with, 1, 5, 35, 418, 421–22, 461, 632, 645, 672–78, 680–83

  AH’s first contact with, 43

  AH’s rivalry with, 190–91, 193–94, 634, 661, 701

  ambition of, 276, 562, 590, 607, 610

  in American Revolution, 74, 115, 192, 691

  army appointment considered for, 561–62

  background of, 191–92

  bribery charges against, 589–91, 633

  Church’s duel with, 589–91, 698

  debts of, 586, 633, 697–98, 716, 718

  divorce of, 722, 726

  education of, 43, 48, 168, 191–92

  in election of 1789, 273, 276

  in election of 1792, 420–22

  in election of 1796, 511, 632

  in election of 1800, 607–10, 621, 625, 631–35

  in election of 1801, 635–38, 644–45

  in election of 1804, 672–78, 680–82

  electoral tie of 1801 and, 635–38, 644, 677–78, 681

  French Revolution and, 561

  inauguration of, 638–39

  intrigue and secrecy of, 74, 192, 389–90, 421, 632, 637

  Jay Treaty and, 486

  Jefferson’s relationship with, 610, 632, 644, 660, 672, 677, 718

  as lawyer, 168, 169, 186, 188, 190–91, 193–94, 418, 603–6, 649, 720

  libel suit of, 673, 675–76

  Manhattan Company and, 585–90, 603, 604, 633

  marriages of, 142, 169–70, 722

  Monroe’s correspondence with, 531, 541

  Monroe’s relationship with, 541–42, 561

  in New York Assembly, 581, 586, 588, 590

  as New York attorney general, 276

  opportunism of, 192–93, 276, 286

  Philip Schuyler defeated by, 389, 421

  political affiliation of, 191, 561–62, 581, 586, 590, 645, 661, 662, 672

  political comeback attempt of, 672–78

  as political outcast, 717, 719

  public debt bill and, 480, 481

  reading of, 193, 721–22

  Reynolds affair and, 414, 418, 529, 531, 541–42

  slavery and, 214–15, 581, 675, 698–99, 716, 717

  on Stirling, 45

  Troup’s friendship with, 53, 720

  Cabot, George, 611, 617, 621, 624

  Cadwalader, John, 106

  Caesar, Julius, 398, 407, 512, 571

  Callender, James Thomson, 509, 529–38, 572, 612,

  650, 667–68, 718

  in Pamphlet Wars, 663–64

  Camillus, 493

  Campfield, Jabez, 128

  Canada, 7, 66, 97, 495, 674

  Capet, Louis, see Louis XVI, king of France capital, U.S., selection of location for, 182, 324–31, 592 Caribbean, see West Indies; specific islands

  Carlisle, Pa., 474–75

  carriage tax, 491, 501–2

  Carrington, Edward, 261, 401–2

  Carroll, Charles, 623–24

  Cato (Addison), 107

  central banks, 344–55

  Adams’s views on, 346

  AH’s views on, 4, 6, 124, 138, 156, 170, 344, 347–55, 466

  functions of, 347

  see also Bank of England; Bank of the United

  States

  Ceracchi, Giuseppe, 2

  Chamber of Commerce, New York City, 482, 587 Chambers, David, 475

  Chappell, Alonzo, 163

  Charleston, Battle of (1780), 123, 138

  Charleston, S.C., 437, 440, 487, 491

  Charlestown, 17

  Chase, Samuel, 117–18, 248, 379

  impeachment of, 718–19

  Chastellux, marquis de, 119, 128, 130, 147

  Chatterton’s Hill, 81

  Cheetham, James, 199, 657, 662–63, 699

  election of 1804 and, 673, 675–76

  child labor, 376–77, 386

  Christian Constitutional Society, 659

  Christiansted, 11–12, 20–39

  Church, Angelica Schuyler, 129, 133–34, 159–60,

  335, 337, 347, 543, 653, 723

  AH’s affectionate relationship with, 133–34, 159, 173, 204–5, 281, 282–83, 315, 466–67, 522, 527,

  528–29, 536, 543–44, 583–84, 706

  AH’s correspondence with, 133, 203–5, 281,

  282–83, 301, 332, 453, 455, 457, 464, 476,

  478–79, 483, 512, 527, 528, 583–84

  AH’s death and, 706, 711

  death of, 727

  Eliza’s correspondence with, 282, 333, 336, 465,

  466–67, 478, 479, 527–28, 543, 587, 641 Eliza’s relationship with, 134, 281, 282, 283, 315,

  726–27

  in Europe, 200, 203–5, 281–82, 292, 457, 464, 465,

  485, 536

  French aristocracy and, 464–67

  Jefferson’s correspondence with, 318, 319, 453,

  569

  Jefferson’s relationship with, 315–16, 319, 407 marriage of, 134, 136

  men enchanted by, 133–34, 204, 282, 315–16, 485 on Philip Hamilton’s funeral, 654

  portrait of, 583–84

  slavery and, 211, 581

  U.S. visits of, 204,
205, 281–83, 292, 315–16 Church, Catherine, 543

  Church, John Barker, 134, 136, 159, 200, 527–29,

  539, 587–91, 653

  AH’s correspondence with, 542–43

  AH’s death and, 711, 712

  AH’s loan from, 492

  death of, 727

  dueling of, 589–91, 652, 698, 701

  in Europe, 200, 204, 281, 282, 457, 727

  Hamilton-Burr duel and, 691, 695, 701–2, 704 Manhattan Company and, 587, 588, 590 slavery and, 211, 581

  Church, Philip, 563–64, 583, 585, 595, 726–27 Church of England (Anglicanism), 44, 46, 47, 58 Cicero, 42, 110

  Cincinnatus, 216

  Citation Act (1782), 195, 199

  Civil War, U.S., 574, 581, 678, 683, 726

  Claypoole’s American Daily Advertiser, 507 Clement, Maria, see Reynolds, Maria

  Clingman, Jacob, 409–10, 412–18, 428–29, 529, 538,

  540

  Clinton, Cornelia, see Genêt, Cornelia Clinton Clinton, De Witt, 650, 661–62, 673, 680

  Clinton, George, 65, 272–76, 303, 325, 631 AH’s correspondence with, 108, 109, 158, 177,

  210–11, 220

  AH’s feud with, 91, 109, 176, 220–21, 236–37,

  244–45, 253, 272–76, 309, 675

  background of, 220

  as brigadier general, 220, 274

  Constitutional Convention and, 236–37 as deterrent to national unity, 108–9, 221, 224 in election of 1792, 420–23

  Clinton, George ( cont.)

  in election of 1800, 607, 610

  in election of 1801, 644–45, 650

  on Hamilton-Burr duel, 688

  King’s candidacy and, 285–86

  as New York governor, 3, 26, 91, 108–9, 176, 177,

  184, 201, 219–21, 224, 236–37, 244–45, 253,

  262, 265, 267, 268, 273, 274, 337, 420, 421, 483 New York Ratifying Convention and, 262, 263,

  265, 267, 268

  Philip Schuyler’s feud with, 91, 149, 220, 273–75 as presidential candidate, 272, 273

  retirement of, 672

  as vice presidential candidate, 672, 675, 719 Clinton, Sir Henry, 102, 112, 123, 164

  AH’s alleged secret letter to, 143–44

  Clossy, Samuel, 52, 57

  Coast Guard, U.S., 4, 32, 292, 340

  Cobb, David, 536–37

  Cobbett, William, 499

  Cochran, Gertrude Schuyler, 128

  Cochran, John, 128

  Coercive (Intolerable) Acts (1774), 54–55, 57 coffee, taxes on, 300

  Coke, Sir Edward, 72

  Colbert, Louis, 170

  Colden, Cadwallader, 576

  Coleman, William, 604–6, 649–50, 654, 662, 663,

  680–81

  College of New Jersey, 35, 42

  see also Princeton

  College of Physicians, 450

  Columbia College, 206, 337, 651, 692

  Columbia University Press, 5

  Committee of Public Safety, French, 446–47 committees of correspondence, 55, 90

  Common Council, New York City, 206, 276, 586,

  587, 711

  Common Sense (Paine), 70, 95

  Concord, Mass., 61, 62, 68, 94

  Confiscation Act (1779), 195, 199

  Congress, U.S., 238, 245, 256, 294, 339–40, 423, 453,

  478, 507, 725

  Adams’s speeches to, 548, 549, 550, 593 Alien and Sedition Acts and, 570–73

  in Germantown, 452

  Jefferson’s relationship with, 647, 671

  military approved by, 553, 554, 555, 596, 602 in New York City, 274, 276, 277, 280–81, 295–307,

  319–31, 338

  petitions to, 364

  in Philadelphia, 341–44, 347–49, 355–56, 364,

  374–79, 430

  Republican majority in, 455

  “scrippomania” and, 358

  slavery and, 306–8

  tax-levying powers of, 183, 297, 501–2

  “camp ladies” of, 126

  disorder and morale problems in, 80–83, 97, 100, 107–9, 114, 116, 127, 151

  duels in, 106, 116–17

  fear of Newburgh mutiny in, 176–80

  Gates-Washington rivalry in, 104–6, 272 Lafayette’s rise in, 95, 96

  in New Jersey, 83–86, 91–94, 113–16, 127–33, 135, 136

  Northern Department of, 97, 102, 134

  passwords in, 129, 164

  Pennsylvania mutineers in, 180–83

  pensions in, 165, 176, 725

  refurbishment of, 99–100

  reorganization of, 109

  retreats of, 79–80, 83–84, 114, 116

  social life of, 93–94, 126, 128–33

  Southern Army, 138, 284

  state militias vs., 108, 138, 157, 180–82, 284, 553 Steuben’s stewardship of, 109–10, 113, 206, 564 supply problems in, 107–8, 374–75, 566, 595 Washington made head of, 65, 66, 518

  Washington’s farewell to, 185, 616

  Continental Association, 57–58

  Continental Congress, 44, 45, 47, 81, 293, 518, 555 First, 55, 57–59, 87

  Second (Confederation), see Second Continental Congress

  “Continentalist, The” (Hamilton), 157–58, 170, 171, 257

  Conway, Thomas, 105–6

  Conway Cabal, 106, 107, 113, 272

  Cooper, Charles D., 680–83, 686–88

  Cooper, Myles, 49–53, 56–58, 61, 72, 293

  mob action against, 63–64, 68, 69

  Copley, John Singleton, 56

  Cornwallis, Lord, 82, 138, 284, 313

  Yorktown siege and, 160–62, 164

  corporations, creation of, 354

  Cosway, Maria, 315, 317

  Cosway, Richard, 315

  cotton, 10, 14, 211

  court-martials, 74–75, 115–16

  Coxe, Tench, 371–72, 375

  credit, 124, 127, 138, 393, 481, 636

  British, 156, 313, 393

  central bank and, 347, 348

  private, 155–56

  public, AH’s report on, 288, 295–306

  crime, 266, 355, 603–6

  Croswell, Harry, 667–71, 673, 685

  Croucher, Richard, 605

  Cruger,Henry,Jr.,30

  Cruger,Henry,Sr.,30

  Cruger, John, 30

  Cruger, Nicholas, 23, 30, 31, 32, 38, 48, 269, 483 Cruger, Tileman, 31

  currency:

  dollar as, 201, 355, 356

  minting of coins and, 355–57

  paper, see paper money

  uniform, 32, 201, 347

  Custis, Martha Dandridge, see Washington, Martha Dandridge Custis

  Customs Service, U.S., 4, 32, 221, 244, 292, 339–41, 354, 438, 448, 459, 646

  De Peyster’s Point, N.Y., 154

  d’Estaing, Jean Baptiste, 119, 120, 434

  Dewhurst, John, 384, 385

  Dexter, Samuel, 189–90

  Dickinson, John, 58, 60, 181, 234, 627

  Dipnall, Thomas, 24

  Directory, French, 546, 548–51, 597, 598, 602 Discourses on Davila (Adams), 519

  Duane, James, 57, 155, 168, 184, 216, 263, 276, 283,

  304

  AH’s correspondence with, 138–39, 232, 347 Rutgers v. Waddington and, 198–99

  in Senate race, 285–86

  Duane, William, 622

  duels, 134, 238, 308–9, 423, 491–93, 539–41, 621,

  664, 683–85

  AH’s opposition to, 189, 652–53, 685, 689, 707,

  708

  Burr-Church, 589–91

  in Continental Army, 106, 116–17

  delope in, 653, 689–90, 715

  Hamilton-Burr, see Hamilton-Burr duel in Nevis, 18–19

  outlawing of, 654–55, 700

  of Philip Hamilton, 650–55, 685, 689, 701 political quarrels settled by, 662–63

  Duer, Catharine Alexander (Lady Kitty), 45, 93, 293,

  379

  Duer, William, 45, 216, 304, 334, 368, 429 downfall of, 381–84

 
Federalist Papers and, 247, 248

  in prison, 382–83, 385, 387–88, 410

  SEUM and, 373, 379–80, 384–86, 387, 388, 411 speculation of, 358, 360, 361, 379–84, 410, 428 in Treasury Department, 293–94, 360, 371 Dunlap, John, 77

  Dunmore, Lord, 122

  du Pont, Victor, 268

  du Pont de Nemours, Samuel, 268

  Dutch Reformed Church, 132, 147, 148, 169 Dutch West India Company, 50

  Dutch West Indies, 35

  duties, import, 180, 292, 299–300, 339, 341, 394 AH’s advocacy of, 170, 176, 221, 226

  in Federalist, 254, 255, 256

  in New York, 221, 244

  treasury secretary reports to, 281, 288, 295–306, 341–44, 347–49, 355–56, 374–79, 480

  war powers of, 436, 442

  Washington’s annual address to, 419, 504

  see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S. Connecticut, 211, 221, 261, 272

  American Revolution in, 68

  Connecticut Compromise, 236

  Constitution, New York, 90–91, 247, 293

  Constitution, U.S., 90, 237–74, 280, 285, 288, 345, 348, 391, 397, 401, 446, 473, 484, 538, 637–38, 649, 651, 678, 679, 712

  AH’s concessions and, 242

  amendments to, 280, 572

  broad interpretation of, 352–54, 378–79, 671

  central bank and, 350–54

  change of government seat and, 452

  “common defence and general welfare” clause of, 378–79

  explication of, see Federalist Papers, The

  “God” omitted from, 235

  Jay Treaty and, 494, 496–97

  Jefferson’s vacillations about, 310–11, 407, 408, 610, 633

  Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions and, 573–74

  “necessary and proper” clause of, 350, 352, 354

  New York battle over, 215, 216, 235, 237, 239, 243–69, 284, 287, 398

  preamble to, 240–41, 574

  presidential electors in, 271–72, 606

  ratification process for, 241, 249, 261–62, 574

  strict construction of, 252, 350, 352, 354, 379, 443, 628, 671

  Constitutional Convention, 44, 47, 222–43, 259, 304, 321, 324, 351, 353–54, 423, 552, 573–74

  AH at, 4, 5, 222, 227–43, 245, 265, 266–67, 321, 353–54, 406, 657

  AH’s calls for, 139, 157, 171, 183, 223–24

  AH’s June 18 speech at, 231–35, 245, 265

  AH’s June 29 speech at, 235

  breakup of New York delegation to, 235–36

  Committee of Style and Arrangement at, 239–41, 285

  Connecticut Compromise at, 236

  description of delegates to, 229

  end of, 241

  Federalist and, 247, 248

  lawyers at, 167, 229

  New Jersey Plan at, 231, 234

  road to, 222–27

  secrecy of, 228, 236, 244, 245, 248, 354, 499

  slavery and, 213, 216, 238–39, 306

  Virginia Plan at, 230–32, 234, 238, 248

  Continental Army, 65–66, 74–76, 78–86, 149–55, 158–66, 176–85, 225, 293