The Conquering Tide

Marine Aircraft Group 23 in, 70–71

  McCain and, 102–3, 124–25

  pilot fatigue in, 125, 130, 136–37, 156

  scouting patrols in, 103–4

  Ugaki and, 121

  U.S. fuel shortages in, 133, 140

  U.S. reinforcements for, 102–3, 135

  Guadalcanal Diary (Tregaskis), 97

  Guadalcanal Island, xviii, xix, xxiv, 13, 14, 19, 22, 23–24, 26, 27, 49, 60, 108, 514

  Carney Field on, 190

  geography of, xxvii–xxviii, 34–35

  Henderson Field on, see Henderson Field

  “Hotel De Gink” on, 190

  I-Go aerial attack on, 203

  Japanese landing on, xxviii–xxix

  Japanese withdrawal from, 444

  Lever Brothers plantation on, 64

  Tatvu Point in, 105

  unfinished Japanese airstrip on, xxix, xxxi, 24, 25, 35, 37

  “Guadalcanal twitch,” 63

  Guam Island, 13, 307, 437, 438, 441, 451, 456, 458, 459, 461, 462, 467, 470, 474, 478, 497–98, 506, 511–12, 516–19, 530

  American personnel on, 520

  CINCPAC on, 519–20

  Japanese holdouts on, 521–22

  landing on, 512–13

  naval bombardment of, 511–12

  rebuilding of, 517–21

  Guimaras Strait, 456

  Gwin, USS, 169–70

  HAILSTONE, Operation, see Truk Atoll, carrier raid on

  Hale, Willis H., 7, 434

  Haley, Alex, 211

  Halsey, William F., Jr., 7, 125n, 168, 172, 240, 261, 317, 324, 340, 399, 420, 440, 515

  Admiralty Islands offensive and, 223–24

  anti-Japanese rhetoric of, 146, 159, 194–95

  appointed COMSOPAC, 144, 145

  atomic bombing of Japan criticized by, 195

  Bougainville assault and, 236

  CARTWHEEL and, 224

  chain of command and, 220

  and death of Yamamoto, 204–5

  “Dirty Tricks Department” of, 232, 235

  Guadalcanal campaign and, 183, 184, 185, 186

  Guadalcanal trip of, 159–60

  interservice rivalry detested by, 199

  leadership qualities of, 197–98

  MacArthur’s relationship with, 221–22

  press and, 194, 197

  in rash prediction of war’s end, 197

  “rough brush” style of, 145

  Solomons offensive and, 313

  transfer of forces to central Pacific opposed by, 313

  Hampton, Woodward M., 409–10

  Hanks, Ralph, 368, 371

  Hara, Tameichi, 150, 154, 181, 188, 234

  Harder, USS, 453

  Hardison, Osborne B., 152

  Harmon, Millard F., 125, 134

  Harper, John A., 494, 496

  Harrill, William K., 463, 472–73, 478

  Hart, Thomas C., 255

  Haruna, 122, 137–38, 491

  Hashimoto, Shintaro, 184

  Hata, Shoryu, 527

  Hatanaka, Shigeo, 528–29

  Hawaii:

  CINCPAC headquarters in, 297–98

  defense workers in, 292–93, 295–96

  interracial dating and marriages in, 296

  Pacific War as gold rush for, 293–94

  servicemen in, 296

  USO clubs in, 294–95

  Hawkins, William D., 355

  Hawkins Field, 355

  Hayanami, 453

  headhunting, xviii, 191

  Hearst, William Randolph, 87, 94, 366

  Hedding, Truman J., 341, 369, 370, 372, 390, 436, 476, 489

  Helena, USS, 155, 163, 165, 166, 255

  Henderson Field, 62, 64, 65, 70–72, 75, 76, 80, 82, 83, 147, 156, 166, 175, 179, 189, 190, 203, 205, 353

  Air Control at, 99–100

  as AIRSOLS headquarters, 222

  Japanese bombing of, 63, 78, 98–100, 105, 133, 135, 138, 156, 183

  Japanese failure to recapture, 120

  Japanese snipers at, 98

  Japanese strafing of, 101–2, 135

  naval bombardment of, 98, 122, 135, 137–39, 155, 167

  primitive conditions at, 72

  race to finish, 69–70

  upgrading of, 103

  Henderson, Lofton R., 63

  Henkel, 427

  Hepburn, Arthur J., 56–57

  Hersey, John, 97

  Hiei, 69, 416

  in Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, 163–65

  sinking of, 166

  Higgins, Andrew, 317

  Higgins boats (LCVPs), 335, 347, 348–49, 391

  Hill, Harry W., 55, 338, 343, 361, 362, 365, 398, 399, 400

  in Tarawa assault, 333–34, 346–47

  Hirohito, Emperor of Japan, 195, 417, 530, 531, 538

  decisive fleet battle urged by, 417–18

  Guadalcanal campaign and, 122

  and Guadalcanal withdrawal, 182

  and possible peace overtures, 536

  public appearances of, 113–14

  Tojo and, 422–23

  Hiroshima, atomic bombing of, 195

  Hiryu, 9

  Hitler, Adolf, 11, 95

  Hiyo, 419, 428, 491, 530

  Hobart, HMAS, 43

  Hogan, Thomas W., 453

  Hokkaido, 226

  Holland, F. L. G., 322

  Hollandia, New Guinea, 242, 441, 453

  Holmes, Jasper, 203

  Holtz Bay, Attu, 230

  Honolulu, Hawaii, servicemen and defense workers in, 292–93

  Hoover, Gilbert, 166

  Hoover, John H., 333, 389, 434, 517

  Hopkins, Harry, 92, 94, 95, 128

  Horaniu, Vella Lavella, 234

  Horikoshi, Jiro, 424, 426

  Hori, Teikichi, 416

  Hornet, USS (CV-8), 7, 21, 59, 83, 103, 107, 108, 109, 110–11, 127, 146, 150

  sinking of, 150–51, 154, 158

  Hornet, USS (CV-12), 201, 301, 327, 383, 387, 478, 493

  Hosogaya, Boshiro, 225, 227, 229

  “Hotel De Gink,” 190

  Hoyo Maru, 407

  Hull, 22

  Hunters Point, San Francisco, 246

  Huon Gulf, 239

  Huon Peninsula, New Guinea, 239

  Hurlbut, James, 35, 98

  Hyakutake, Harukichi, 133, 224

  Hynes, Samuel, 293, 304–5

  I-19 (Japanese submarine), 110–11

  I-26 (Japanese submarine), 108

  Ichiki, Kiyonao, 72, 74, 104

  I-Go, Operation, 202–3

  Ijuin, Matsuji, 234

  Ilu River, 34, 35, 65

  Imamura, Hitoshi, 179, 181, 224

  Imperial General Headquarters (IGHQ), 67, 122, 174, 181, 187, 227, 346, 421, 454, 530

  press releases from, 527–28

  U.S. losses on Savo Island inflated by, 67

  Imperial General Staff, British, 307

  Imperial Japanese Army:

  banzai charge as main tactic of, 106–7

  Imperial Navy’s rivalry with, 6, 179–80, 181–82, 188, 534

  kodo faction of, 533–34

  as unconcerned about U.S. Solomon campaign, 68

  Imperial Japanese Navy, 9, 174, 236, 385, 404, 461, 514

  A-Go battle plan of, 447, 449, 451, 454

  aircraft of, xxii

  antisubmarine warfare ignored by, 282–83

  battleship strategy of, 119–20

  captured war plans of, 446

  crude oil employed as fuel for, 449, 451

  “decisive fleet battle” strategy of, 415–16, 429, 449, 450

  fuel shortages of, 416

  fuel supply problems of, 121, 201

  Imperial Army’s rivalry with, 6, 179–80, 181–82, 188, 534

  importance of airpower and submarines downplayed by, 416

  loss of “face” and chain-of-command in, 447

  night-combat expertise of, 41–42

  pilot exhaustion discounted by, 430

  pilot training progr
am of, 428–32

  possibility of Marianas fleet battle discounted by, 449

  shuttle-bombing tactic of, 451–52, 470

  Yokaren program of, 430, 431–32

  Inazuma, 453

  Independence, USS (CVL-22), 301, 370

  Indiana, 480

  Indianapolis, USS, 245, 339, 343, 344, 458, 471, 500, 513

  Indispensable Strait, 147

  Inland Sea, 69, 75, 120, 419, 531

  Instructions for American Servicemen in Australia, 209–10, 213

  International News Service, 97

  Intrepid, 405, 412, 413

  Iowa-class battleships, 386–87, 410

  Ironbottom Sound (Savo Sound), xxiv, xxix, xxxi, 19, 25, 31, 34, 35, 41, 43, 49, 50–51, 52, 55, 63, 67, 68, 69, 72, 98, 101, 102, 104, 107, 132, 133, 134–35, 137–38, 155, 160, 161, 165, 174, 176, 178, 183, 189, 243, 261

  Ishida, Sumio, 541

  Ishida, Yahachi, 184–85

  isolationism, 87, 88

  Italy, capitulation of, 444

  Iwakuni Naval Air Station, 423

  Iwo Jima, 440, 449, 463, 531

  Izumi, Toru, 524

  Jackson, Robert H., 85

  Jaluit Atoll, 368, 384, 385

  Japan:

  aircraft production in, 423–25

  black market in, 539, 540, 541

  class antagonisms in, 540

  conscription of labor in, 445–46

  contrast of old and new in, 113

  cremated remains of soldiers returned to, 523–25

  critical lack of oil reserves in, 284–85

  “dark valley” period in (1930–45), 117

  declining steel production in, 285

  deteriorating living conditions in, 114–15

  expanded draft in, 115, 446

  food shortages in, 539, 541

  increasingly dark mood in, 443–46

  new operational policy of, 418

  Pacific and Southeast Asian conquests of, 114, 119

  rise of crime in, 541

  shipping losses of, 283, 413, 417, 423, 452, 539

  undercurrents of dissent in, 539–41

  in war with China, 437

  Japan, press in:

  censorship of, 525–26, 527–28

  consolidation of, 529–30

  government reprisals against, 526–27

  Imperial General Headquarters and, 527–28

  liberal and intellectual papers in, 528–29

  newsprint shortages and, 527, 529

  propaganda in, 114, 116, 180, 187, 196, 443–45, 507–8, 526, 527, 529, 532, 538

  references to Hirohito in, 528

  reports of American savagery played up in, 196

  Saipan battle reports in, 532

  war dead stories in, 525

  Japanese fleet, destruction of, as primary U.S. goal, xiv

  Japan Times and Advertiser, 445

  Jarman, Sanderford, 499

  Jarvis, USS, 39

  Java, xxiii

  Jett, Charlie, 77

  Jintsu, 68–69, 83

  Johore Strait, xxiii

  Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 6, 12, 16, 91, 92, 157, 192, 196, 220, 227, 312, 313, 319, 342, 434, 438, 440, 441

  central Pacific offensive backed by, 306

  Leahy as de facto chairman of, 93

  Solomons offensive and, 223, 224

  Joint Expeditionary Force, 457

  Jones, John Paul, 145

  Jones, Louis R., 394

  Juneau, USS, 163

  sinking of, 165–66

  Junyo, 147, 155, 419, 428, 450, 491

  jushin (senior statesmen), 533–34

  Jutland, Battle of, 252, 415–16

  Kaga, 9

  KA-Go offensive, 68–69, 75–83

  Kahili, 157

  Kaiser, Henry, 247, 248–49

  Kaiyo, 531

  Kako, 41

  Kakuta, Kakuji, 452, 454, 456, 463, 470, 488

  kamikaze (divine wind) attacks, 537–38

  Kangu Beach, Bougainville, xxv

  Kanto Plain, 514

  Kasumigaura Naval Air Training Center, 429, 432

  Katori, 410–11

  Kauffman, J. L. “Reggie,” 373, 378, 383

  Kavieng, New Ireland, 41, 62, 235, 399

  Allied bypassing of, 240, 242

  Kawachi, Uichiro, 525, 527, 528

  Kawaguchi, Kiyotake, 174, 187

  Edson’s Ridge attack of, 106, 121, 130

  at Taivu Point landing, 105

  Kawaguchi, Taro, 505

  KE, Operation (Japanese evacuation of Guadalcanal), 183–85

  Kempeitai (security service), 527, 535, 540, 541

  Kennedy, Marvin G. “Pinky,” 251, 252, 260, 265

  cautious tactics of, 258, 262, 264, 266

  in first Wahoo patrol, 157–58

  reassignment of, 265–66

  in second Wahoo patrol, 262–64

  Kenney, George C., 125, 126–27, 217–18, 219, 221, 223, 236, 438, 440

  Kernan, Alvin B., 151, 374–75

  Kido, Marquis Koichi, 533, 534, 536

  and possible peace overtures, 537

  Kido Butai, 41, 428, 459

  King, C. S., 387–88

  King, Ernest J., 6, 9–10, 91, 92, 96, 97, 102, 109, 143, 158, 197, 201, 220, 235, 279, 317, 324, 332, 386, 434, 435, 436, 459, 461, 502, 514–15, 516

  Admiralty Islands offensive proposed by, 223–24, 232

  Arnold and, 437

  Battle of Savo Island and, 55–56, 57

  belligerent personality of, 10

  at Casablanca Conference, 307–8, 309–11

  central Pacific offensive and, 235, 306–7, 308, 313, 320

  GALVANIC and, 367

  and Ghormley’s relief of command, 144

  Guadalcanal campaign and, 19, 20, 21, 60, 97, 123, 142, 185–86

  interservice rivalries and, 434

  Marianas campaign and, 436, 440, 441

  Marshalls invasion deadline of, 313

  Pacific counteroffensive urged by, xiii, 10, 11–12

  personality of, 193–94

  Solomons offensive ordered by, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17

  Tarawa battle and, 366

  on unrestricted submarine warfare, 253

  at Washington conference, 312

  King, Richard, 468, 499–500

  Kingman, Howard F., 365

  Kinkaid, Thomas C., 146, 160, 161, 166, 221, 440, 442, 453

  appointed commander of Allied Naval Forces, Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA), 218

  in Battle of Santa Cruz Islands, 148–49, 152

  MacArthur and, 218–19

  in Guadalcanal campaign, 33–34

  Kinryu Maru, 83

  Kinugasa, 41

  Kirishima, 69, 171, 172, 416

  Kiriwina Island, 239

  Kiska Island:

  Japanese forces on, 225–31

  U.S. landing on, 230–31, 445

  Kittredge, George, 36

  Kiyosawa, Kiyoshi, 207, 432, 444, 535, 539

  Kiyozumi Maru, 407

  Knox, Frank, 7, 57, 142, 197, 201, 317, 436

  Kobayashi, Masami, 407

  Kodiak, Alaska, 226

  Koga, Mineichi, 206, 224, 237, 242, 346, 368, 402, 405, 406, 415, 416, 420

  death of, 446–47

  Operation Z planned by, 418–19

  Koiso, Kuniaki, 534, 535–36

  Kokumbona, Guadalcanal, 105, 183

  Kokusai Shashin Joho, 114, 180

  Koli Point, 155, 190

  Kolombangara Island, 232–33

  Japanese evacuation of, 233, 234

  Komatsu, Sakio, 484

  Kommandorski Islands, Battle of the, 228–29, 233

  KON, Operation, 454, 456

  Kondo, Nobutake, 69, 77, 147, 188, 447

  Kongo, 122, 137–38

  Konoye, Prince Fumimaro, 533–34, 536

  Korea, natural resources of, 284

  Koro Island, 20

  landing rehearsal on, 21–22, 26

 
Kossler, Herman J., 471, 485

  Koyanagi, Tomiji, 183, 185

  Krishima, 170

  Krueger, Walter, 240

  Kukum, Guadalcanal, 25, 27–28, 35, 63, 64, 107, 141

  Kula Gulf, Battles of, 233

  kunai grass, xx, 24

  Kurile Islands, 226, 418

  Kurita, Takeo, 237, 447, 473, 480, 482, 531

  Kusaka, Jinichi, 122, 224, 233, 234, 236, 238

  Kwajalein, Battle of, 384, 386, 390, 393, 405, 441, 459, 499

  aftermath of, 397–98

  Kwajalein Island landings in, 395–96

  landing craft problems in, 391–92

  pre-landing bombardment in, 389–90, 392–93, 401

  Roi-Namur landings in, 390–95

  Task Force 58 in, 386–87

  Kwajalein Atoll, 389, 455

  Japanese airfields on, 368

  Japanese troops on, 385

  planned U.S. landings on, 384–85

  Kwajalein Atoll, U.S. carrier raid on, 373, 377–78

  Japanese counterattacks in, 379–80, 381–82

  Pownall’s refusal to order second strike in, 378–79, 381, 382–83, 389

  Kwajalein Island, 389, 395, 400

  Lae, New Guinea, 62, 157, 239

  Laffey, USS, 163

  Lamar, Arthur, 129, 130, 297, 298, 362, 442, 519–20

  Langley, USS, 323, 399

  Lapon, 453

  Larsen, Harold H. “Swede,” 103–4, 136, 137

  Larson, Harold O., 234

  Lasswell, Alva B., 203

  La Vallette, USS, 234

  Lawrence, James, 145

  Lawrence, John E., 141–42

  Lawton, E. J., 494

  Layton, Ed, 203–4

  LCTs, 361

  Leahy, William D., 94, 95, 158, 306, 312

  as de facto Joint Chiefs chairman, 93

  FDR’s relationship with, 92–93

  Leckie, Robert, 210

  Lee, Fitzhugh, 237, 371

  Lee, Willis A. “Ching,” 160, 168, 171–72, 464, 478

  Lengo Channel, 177

  Lennons Hotel, Brisbane, 217

  Leonski, Edward Joseph, 213

  Lewis, Don, 489–90, 491

  Lexington, USS (CV-2), 59, 124, 327

  Lexington, USS (CV-16), 301, 328, 368, 370, 371–72, 379, 382, 488, 495

  Leyte Gulf, Battle of, 145, 266, 515

  Life, 90, 97, 196, 380, 538

  Lillibridge, G. D., 339, 348, 351–52

  Lingayen Gulf, 155

  Lingga Roads, 448, 453, 455

  Lion Six, 516–17

  Lippmann, Walter, 86

  Liscome Bay, USS (CVE-56), submarine attack on, 363–64

  Lockwood, Charlie, 277, 278, 279, 286, 402, 471

  appointed Pacific submarine force commander, 280

  torpedo failures and, 280, 281–82

  London Conference (July, 1942), 95

  London Naval Conference (1935), 118

  London Naval Treaty (1930), 253

  Long Island, USS, 70

  long pig, 191

  Los Negros, 242

  LSTs, 335

  LST tank carriers, 392

  Lucas, Jim, 359

  Lukanai Field, 205