American Caesar

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154 Kenney Know 92; Frye 346; Pogue II 373-96 passim (back to text)

155 NYT 5/4/1944; YUMA, Henry L. Stimson Papers, Stimson diary 11/22/1944; James II 372 (back to text)

156 Pogue II 374-75 (back to text)

157 “Back to the Philippines,” New Republic 10/30/1944; James II 398; Lockwood and Adamson 7 (back to text)

158 RG 4; James II 389-90; Halsey and Bryan 189-90; Kenney Know 170 (back to text)

159 MacArthur Reminiscences 178; Luvaas 73 (back to text)

160 Eichelberger Jungle 78, 83-84 (back to text)

161 Huff 88-89; Blaik 489-90; MacArthur Reminiscences 178-79; RG 3; RG 10; Halsey and Bryan 166-67; Lash 682-91 (back to text)

162 James II 405; RG 10 (back to text)

163 Tompkins Vandenherg 232-34; James II 405-06, 421; McCarten in American Mercury 1/1944; Rovere and Schlesinger 229 (back to text)

164 Luvaas 71; James II 413; NYT 4/13/1944; RG 10; Lindley in Newsweek 4/24/1944; McCarten in American Mercury 1/1944 (back to text)

165 RG 4; NYT 4/10/1944; “MacArthur and the Censorship,” Harper’s 5/1944; “The MacArthur Candidacy,” T 4/24/1944; Luvaas 90 (back to text)

166 Cantril 626, 632, 634; Roper 56, 152-54; Burns Roosevelt 501 (back to text)

167 Kenney General 215-16; Hunt Untold 320-21; MacArthur Reminiscences 185 (back to text)

168 Kenney General 215-16 (back to text)

169 James II 423, 425; Kenney Know 250; Luvaas 101; Hunt Untold 321; Whitney 516-17 (back to text)

170 MacArthur Reminiscences 184; Luvaas 77, 91, 100-01; Catledge 155-56; RG 10; James II 426-27; Hunt Untold 316-17; Huff 89 (back to text)

171 Ashbury and Gervasi in Collier’s 7/14, 7/21/1945; James II 277-78; Gavin M. Long 119 (back to text)

172 Luvaas 283-84, 293 (back to text)

173 Luvaas 91; NYT 4/5/1944 (back to text)

174 Kenney Know 240; Rovere and Schlesinger 74; Luvaas 101; Trumbull Higgins 127-28 (back to text)

175 Kenney Know 240; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; James II 429; RG 10; Burns Roosevelt 501 (back to text)

176 RG 10; James II 433; Eaton 393-99; “The MacArthur Candidacy,” T 4/24/1944 (back to text)

177 Rovere and Schlesinger 23; NYT 4/14/1944; Lindley in Newsweek 4/24/1944 (back to text)

178 Burns Roosevelt 501; “The MacArthur Candidacy,” T 4/24/1944; James II 434-37; RG 10; NYT 4/14, 4/15, 4/17/1944; Hunt Untold 321-23; Gunther 59-60; Rovere and Schlesinger 24; Lindley in Newsweek 4/24/1944 (back to text)

179 Trumbull Higgins 114; Burns Roosevelt 501; MacArthur Reminiscences 185; NYT 4/30, 5/14, 6/29/1944; Eaton 399-401 (back to text)

180 Gavin M. Long 147; Merle Miller 191 (back to text)

181 Burns Roosevelt 488; Leahy 249; Blaik 500; Archer 128; Alfred Steinberg 123 (back to text)

182 Luvaas 75 (back to text)

183 Barbey 219-20; James II 525; Luvaas 153; Morison Leyte 8 (back to text)

184 Barbey 219; Blaik 501; Burns Roosevelt 488 (back to text)

185 Leahy 249-50; Hunt Untold 332-33; James II 529; MacArthur Reminiscences 196-99 (back to text)

186 James II 532; Whitney 123; Leahy 250-51; Luvaas 155-56; Lee and Henschel 172 (back to text)

187 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; MacArthur Reminiscences 199; James II 530; Luvaas 155; Leahy 250; Falk 28 (back to text)

188 Leahy 251; James II 530; MacArthur Reminiscences 197 (back to text)

189 David J. Steinberg 101; Kenney Know 155-56; Willoughby and Chamberlain 233 (back to text)

190 Barbey 220; Burns Roosevelt 489 (back to text)

191 MacArthur Reminiscences 198; Leahy 250-51 (back to text)

192 Eichelberger/Jungle 165-66; Burns Roosevelt 489; Lee and Henschel 92, 302; Leahy 251 (back to text)

193 Burns Roosevelt 489; Lee and Henschel 303; Gunther 10 (back to text)

194 Lee and Henschel 772; Gunther 10; Manchester Glory 344; Luvaas 155; Leahy 250-51; Rovere and Schlesinger 67; David J. Steinberg 101; Julian 84 (back to text)

195 NYT 7/30/1944; James II 534-35; MacArthur Reminiscences 199 (back to text)

196 James II 535; MacArthur Reminiscences 199-200; Luvaas 155 (back to text)

197 Smith Triumph 15-16; Luvaas 158; Gavin M. Long 147; Willoughby and Chamberlain 236; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976 (back to text)

198 Smith Triumph 11 (back to text)

199 Toland Sun 533-34; Barbey 227; Bulkeley 376; Halsey and Bryan 199 (back to text)

200 Halsey and Bryan 198-201; Arnold 527-28; James II 537-39; Toland Sun 534; Kenney General 434 (back to text)

201 “Battle for the Philippines,” Fortune 6/1945; Hunt Untold 338-40; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976; James II 489 (back to text)

CHAPTER SEVEN: AT HIGH PORT

1 Quezon Fight 295; Eichelberger Jungle 181; Griggin in Holiday 7/1967 (back to text)

2 Bernstein 198; Griggin in Holiday 7/1967 (back to text)

3 Quezon Fight 295; Griggin in Holiday 7/1967 (back to text)

4 James II 507; Bernstein 198 (back to text)

5 Romulo Fall 54; David Steinberg 104-05 (back to text)

6 RG 16; Volckmann 174-220; Valtin 282; Willoughby Guerrilla passim (back to text)

7 James II 92-93; Marquardt 276-77; Friend 211-28; David Steinberg 32-48 (back to text)

8 Bernstein 202; Abaya 59 (back to text)

9 WM/Carlos Romulo 10/18/1977; Friend 216 (back to text)

10 RG 4; Eyre 121-46; David Steinberg 103-06; James II 516; Bernstein 200; MacArthur Reminiscences 235 (back to text)

11 James II 509-10; WM/Laurence E. Bunker 4/20/1976; RG 5; RG 16 (back to text)

12 Abaya 99; James II 693; Eyre 176-93; Bernstein 204-07; Quezon Fight 310 (back to text)

13 RG 4; NYT S/2/1944; James II 515; Quezon Fight 313 (back to text)

14 Abaya 61; MacArthur Reminiscences 236; Willoughby and Chamberlain 226; David Steinberg 74 (back to text)

15 Abaya 63; David Steinberg 74; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976 (back to text)

16 James II 542-43 (back to text)

17 Willoughby and Chamberlain 238; David Steinberg 101 (back to text)

18 Romulo Rise 190; Toland Sun 573; David Steinberg 101 (back to text)

19 James II 548; David Steinberg 101 (back to text)

20 MacArthur Reminiscences 172; Hunt Untold 314 (back to text)

21 Toland Sun 534; “Promise Fulfilled,” T 10/30/1944 (back to text)

22 MacArthur Reminiscences 212; Kenney Know 156; Alfred Steinberg 127 (back to text)

23 Whitney 155, 157; Kenney Know 96 (back to text)

24 WM/Roger O. Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

25 MacArthur Reminiscences 214-15; Falk 101-02; “Promise Fulfilled,” T 10/30/1944 (back to text)

26 “Battle for the Philippines,” Fortune 6/1945; MacArthur Reminiscences 215 (back to text)

27 Falk 29; Hunt Untold 342 (back to text)

28 Falk 31, 101-02; Toland Sun 541 (back to text)

29 Romulo Rise 3; WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; David Steinberg 103 (back to text)

30 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; MacArthur Reminiscences 216; James II 554-55; “MacArthur Returns and Returns,” Life 2/18/1972; Kenney General 448; Lockwood and Adamson 157-58; “Battle for the Philippines,” Fortune 6/1945 (back to text)

31 Kenney General 448; Romulo Rise 93; Toland Sun 541-42 (back to text)

32 WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; Romulo Rise 3, 94-95; Falk 111 (back to text)

33 Gavin M. Long 152; MacArthur Reminiscences 217-18 (back to text)

34 RG 4; Romulo Heroes 235-36; James II, 557-58; MacArthur Reminiscences 216-17; Gavin M. Long 152; Falk 103; David Steinberg 105; Whan 132-33 (back to text)

35 MacArthur Reminiscences 218; Kenney Know 165 (back to text)

36 Falk 101-02; Luvaas 164; Kenney General 451, 454-55 (back to text)

37 Romulo Rise 137 (back to text)

38 Kenney General 452 (back to text)

39 WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; Romulo Rise 158-59 (back to text)

40 Kenney General 164, 453 (back to tex
t)

41 Falk 77 (back to text)

42 MacArthur Reminiscences 224-25; Falk 213 (back to text)

43 Romulo Rise 165 (back to text)

44 Falk 220 (back to text)

45 Ibid. 226; Kenney Know 170; RG 4, MacArthur Reminiscences 230 (back to text)

46 Falk 111; David Steinberg 104 (back to text)

47 Kenney General 453; Whitney 187; Wainwright 233 (back to text)

48 Falk 71, 273; James II 580; Toland Sun 576-77 (back to text)

49 James II 585; Eichelberger/Jungle 174; Falk 293 (back to text)

50 MacArthur Reminiscences 238; Kenney Know 173; Catledge 158 (back to text)

51 Blaik 204; Catledge 156 (back to text)

52 James II 606-07; Catledge 157 (back to text)

53 James II 630 (back to text)

54 Catledge 155; MacArthur Reminiscences 231; Luvaas 163; James II 585-86; WM/Romulo 10/18/1977 (back to text)

55 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; WM/Robert Byck 5/25/1977 (back to text)

56 James II 589 (back to text)

57 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; MacArthur Reminiscences 234; RG 10; James II 590 (back to text)

58 WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; Romulo Rise 166 (back to text)

59 Hunt Untold 355 (back to text)

60 WM/Bunker 4/20/1976; Luvaas 176-77, 185-86, 188 (back to text)

61 James II 584; Kenney Know 64-65; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

62 Flanagan 62-63 (back to text)

63 WM/Bunker 4/20/1976; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; Luvaas 204 (back to text)

64 Morison Leyte 394; Flanagan 65; NYT 12/27/1945; Luvaas 184 (back to text)

65 Craig 27; MacArthur Reminiscences 237; NYT 2/23/1946; Eichelberger Jungle 177; Willoughby and Chamberlain 258 (back to text)

66 James II 617-18; MacArthur Reminiscences 239-40 (back to text)

67 RG 4; Barbey 98; WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

68 MacArthur Reminiscences 240 (back to text)

69 Ibid. 241; James II 621 (back to text)

70 NYT 1/11/1945; MacArthur Reminiscences 242; Luvaas 199, 203 (back to text)

71 Hunt Untold 365; Wright 125-28; WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; Flanagan 67-80; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; James II 641; Romulo Rise 191 (back to text)

72 MacArthur Reminiscences 245—46; Luvaas 225 (back to text)

73 Luvaas 203; Eichelberger Jungle 187; MacArthur Reminiscences 260 (back to text)

74 Luvaas 203 (back to text)

75 “In Remembrance of MacArthur,” Life 4/17/1964; Luvaas 260; Willoughby and Chamberlain 267 (back to text)

76 James II 649-50; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

77 MacArthur Reminiscences 246; NYT 2/4/1945; James II 628; Luvaas 214-15; “Victory! Mabuhay!” T 2/12/1945; “Prize of Pacific War, Manila Fell to MacArthur Like Ripened Plum,” Newsweek 2/12/1945 (back to text)

78 Luvaas 225; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; WM/Romulo 10/18/1977; Wright 133-34; James II 644; Bernstein 217; David Steinberg 114 (back to text)

79 WM/Egberg 10/18/1976; WM/Romulo 12/18/1977; James II 634-35; Kenney Know 98-100 (back to text)

80 MacArthur Reminiscences 247-48 (back to text)

81 WM/Egberg 10/18/1976; MacArthur Reminiscences 247; Lee and Henschel 313 (back to text)

82 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976; MacArthur Reminiscences 251-52 (back to text)

83 Templeman 20-21; Barbey 308; Bulkeley 424; Kenney Know 129; Kenney General 520-21; Whan 136; MacArthur Reminiscences 250 (back to text)

84 WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

85 Egeberg, “General Douglas MacArthur,” 169 (back to text)

86 Ibid. 169-70; WM/Egeberg 10/18/1976 (back to text)

87 RG 9; RG 4; James II 695; Eyre 213—18; Truman I 276 (back to text)

88 Manila Daily News 8/26/1945; Abaya 59-60; Eyre 176-93; Bernstein 204-07; James II 693; David Steinberg 120 (back to text)

89 RG 9; RG 10; Thorpe 161-64; James II 694-95; Friend 255 (back to text)

90 NYT 6/10/1945; James II 697-98; RG 10 (back to text)

91 Ibid. (back to text)

92 Huff in Saturday Evening Post 10/13/1951; Ashbury and Gervasi in Collier’s 7/21/1945; James II 660-61; Mrs. MacArthur to Clovis E. Byers 12/23/1944 (back to text)

93 Mrs. MacArthur to MacArthur 1/26/1945; RG 3 (back to text)

94 MacArthur to Mrs. MacArthur 2/18/1945; RG 3; James II 656-57, 660; Luvaas 237; Lee and Henschel 313; Huff 101 (back to text)

95 Kenney Know 128; NYT 3/8/1945 (back to text)

96 Luvaas 230; Wain in Saturday Evening Post 9/2/1950; Lee and Henschel 73-74; Huff 99-100 (back to text)

97 Kenney Know 111; Luvaas 302 (back to text)

98 Luvaas 225-26 (back to text)

99 Huff 99-100; RG 10; Huff in Saturday Evening Post 10/13/1951 (back to text)

100 James II 662-63 (back to text)

101 Ibid. 663; Huff 101-02 (back to text)

102 “In Remembrance of MacArthur,” Life 4/17/1964 (back to text)

103 Gunther 42-43; Forrestal 32 (back to text)

104 Gunther 43; Luvaas 195 (back to text)

105 Gunther 42; Gavin M. Long 179 (back to text)

106 Rovere and Schlesinger 215; “MacArthur and Yalta,” T 10/31/1955; Toland Sun 633; Forrestal 178 (back to text)

107 “MacArthur and Yalta,” T 10/31/1955; MacArthur Reminiscences 261-62; NYT 4/6, 10/21/1955; Toland Sun 633 (back to text)

108 Morison Liberation 214; James II 738; Smith Triumph 584-85 (back to text)

109 Luvaas 198 (back to text)

110 Cronin 384; McCartney 1; Eichelberger Jungle 239-40; Luvaas 277 (back to text)

111 WM/Bunker 4/20/1976; Barbey 319 (back to text)

112 Luvaas 278-79; Kenney General 552-53; Kenney Know 132-33 (back to text)

113 Whitney 196; Kenney Know 134; Willoughby and Chamberlain 274; Kenney General 553-54 (back to text)

114 Barbey 320; Whitney 197; Kenney General 561 (back to text)

115 Barbey 319-20 (back to text)

116 MacArthur Reminiscences 256; Kenney Know 135 (back to text)

117 Kodama 157-58; Baldwin Battles 380; Luvaas 229; Hunt Untold 375; Kenney General 533-34 (back to text)

118 Willoughby and Chamberlain 284-85; Truman I 432-33; Forrestal 45 (back to text)

119 Arnold 570; Forrestal 17-18; Luvaas 296; Hunt Untold 399 (back to text)

120 Kenney Know 234; Baldwin Mistakes 98 (back to text)

121 Baldwin Mistakes 97 (back to text)

122 RG 4; James II 765-66; Leahy 385; Groves 263-64 (back to text)

123 MacArthur Reminiscences 261; Forrestal 17 (back to text)

124 James II 773-74; MacArthur Reminiscences 265; NYT 8/12/1945; Luvaas 301 (back to text)

125 Sulzberger 777; Truman I 412 (back to text)

126 Gavin M. Long 178-79 (back to text)

127 Hunt Untold 402 (back to text)

128 Ibid. (back to text)

129 Gavin M. Long 178 (back to text)

130 Toland Sun 858; Cronin 55; Whitney 212-13 (back to text)

131 Brines 13; Kenney Know 181-82; Craig 285-87 (back to text)

132 Kodama 177; “U.S. Occupies Japan,” Life 9/10/1945; Brines 22-23 (back to text)

133 MacArthur Reminiscences 270; Brines 22; Gavin M. Long 180; James II 785; Eichelberger Jungle 285-95 passim (back to text)

134 James II 785; Richards 76; Archer 142-43; Gunther 2 (back to text)

135 MacArthur Reminiscences 270; Gunther 1; Whitney 211 (back to text)

136 Willoughby and Chamberlain 294-95; Eichelberger Jungle 262; Luvaas 306-07; “U.S. Occupies Japan,” Life 9/10/1945 (back to text)

137 Whitney 215; MacArthur Reminiscences 270-71; Eichelberger Jungle 262; “U.S. Occupies Japan,” Life 9/10/1945; Craig 292-93 (back to text)

138 MacArthur Reminiscences 271; Eichelberger Jungle 261; Whitney 215 (back to text)

139 Kenney Know 181-82; Eichelberger Jungle 263; MacArthur Reminiscences 271 (back to text)

140 MacArthur Reminiscences 271; Eichelberger Jungle 263; Craig 293 (back to text)

141 Craig 293-94 (back to text)

142 Whitney 216; MacArthur Reminiscences 271; “On the Record,” T 3/31/1947; James II 786-87 (back to text)

143 RG 9; Whitney 216-17; James II 787-88; MacArthur Reminiscences 271-72; Craig 297-98 (back to text)

144 Craig 278, 298; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976 (back to text)

145 “Full Circle,” T 9/10/1945; Halsey and Bryan 274-81; Wainwright 279-80; Kase 7; MacArthur Reminiscences 274 (back to text)

146 Eichelberger Jungle 264; MacArthur Reminiscences 272 (back to text)

147 Toland Sun 867; “Full Circle,” T 9/10/1945 (back to text)

148 “Full Circle,” T 9/10/1945 (back to text)

149 Kase 7; MacArthur Reminiscences 272; Brines 54 (back to text)

150 “Full Circle,” T 9/10/1945; Kenney Know 186-87; Kase 8 (back to text)

151 James II 790; Kase 9 (back to text)

152 Kase 9; Toland Sun 869; Halsey and Bryan 282 (back to text)

153 “In Remembrance of MacArthur,” Life 4/17/1964; Ryan and Kelley in Collier’s 9/23/1950; Kenney Know 191 (back to text)

154 MacArthur Reminiscences 275-76 (back to text)

155 Kase 13; MacArthur Reminiscences 276-77 (back to text)

156 Kenney Know 149; “Job for an Emperor,” T 8/27/1945; Wainwright 281; Luvaas 308; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976 (back to text)

157 Toland Sun 23-24 (back to text)

158 MacArthur Reminiscences 279 (back to text)

159 Kase 13; WM/Bunker 4/20/1976 (back to text)

160 Manchester Controversy 146 (back to text)

CHAPTER EIGHT: LAST POST

1 Van Der Post in Holiday 10/1961; Toland Sun 3; Cochrane in Harper’s 9/1947 (back to text)

2 MacArthur Reminiscences 293; “From Crisis to Treaty,” Newsweek 6/23/1947; Cochrane in Harper’s 9/1947; Reischauer Japanese 3-4; Kelley and Ryan 140-41 (back to text)

3 Riesman, Glazer, and Denney 6-31 passim; Cochrane in Harper’s 9/1947; Van Der Post in Holiday 10/1961 (back to text)

4 Baldwin in Survey Graphic 8/1947; “MacArthur Fact and Legend,” U.S. News and World Report 4/16/1948; “One or Many?” T 5/31/1948; “New Door to Asia,” T 5/9/1949; Wain-wright 299 (back to text)

5 Reischauer Japanese 78-84; MacArthur Reminiscences 284; Gavin M. Long 188; Sheean in Holiday 12/1949; “Making Milwaukee Famous,” Newsweek 7/28/1947; Brines 27 (back to text)

6 Willoughby and Chamberlain 335-36; Brines 29, 276 (back to text)

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