Jerusalem: The Biography

Jewish calendar, 27

  Jewish Legion, 421, 430

  Jewish observances, 45, 54, 59

  Jesus and, 97–8

  Jewish Quarter, 8, 35n, 36, 43, 159n, 191, 255, 286, 295, 298, 308, 335, 345, 511, 518

  and Buraq Uprising, 438

  and Israeli war, 468, 479–80

  restoration of, 503–4

  and Six Day War, 497

  Jewish revolt, 1–10, 122–6

  Jewish Settlement Police, 450–1

  Jewish settlements, 506, 508, 515–16

  Jewish Territorial Organization, 382

  Jews

  and Albanian conquest, 330

  American, 428, 502

  anti-Zionist, 410, 414, 421, 486

  and Arab conquest, 176, 179, 183, 186

  Ashkenazi, 20, 191n, 298, 308, 330, 443

  and Babylonian exile, 45, 47–50

  British, 257, 277n, 301, 350

  burial customs, 108

  and Byzantine persecution, 153–5, 159, 161, 165

  conversion of, 330–5

  and Cossack massacres, 301–2

  and Crusaders, 212–13, 240, 257, 270

  Diaspora, 293–4, 302

  divisions among, 190–1, 195

  dyers, 240, 278

  and Fatimids, 194–5, 198, 202

  German, 439, 441

  Greek, 454n

  Hasidic, 22, 64, 100n, 359, 375n, 364, 375n, 399, 473, 486, 487n

  and immigration, 374–5, 383, 431, 437–40, 442, 445, 453, 457, 463–4, 511

  and Islamic sultanate 255, 264, 268

  Italian, 454

  and land purchases, 385, 394, 437, 453

  Lost Tribes, 34n, 297n, 322, 337–8

  and Mamluk sultanate, 276, 286–7

  and messianism, 301–3

  and Napoleon’s proclamation, 316–17

  and Ottoman sultanate, 293, 297–8, 307, 309

  and Persian alliance, 162–3

  Polish, 307–8, 357, 359, 375n, 441, 457

  and Roman suppression, 129–39, 148–50

  Russian, 330, 334–5, 345, 350, 367–70, 374–5, 382–3, 412–13, 415, 423–4, 430, 508–9

  Sephardic, 20, 24, 191n, 293–4, 298, 300, 308, 324, 330, 345–6, 359–60, 384, 510

  Spanish, 293–4, 296

  ultra-Orthodox, 486, 505–7, 510

  Jezebel, Queen, 31–2

  jihad, 171, 184, 208, 215, 256, 259, 447, 468

  anti-British, 395, 402

  Al-Jihad al-Muqadas, 508

  Joab, 23–4

  Joanna, Queen, 257, 259

  Joanna, 108

  St John, 102n, 109

  John, King, 235n, 245n, 262

  John, Patriarch, 192

  John Hyrcanus, 25n, 68–9, 71n

  John of Brienne, King of Jerusalem, 265–6

  John of Gischala, 8, 124–5

  John of Ibelin, 225

  John of Leiden, 297n

  John the Baptist, 79n, 90, 94–6, 98, 99n, 100n, 105, 152n, 365, 449

  John Tzimiskes, Emperor, 194

  Johnson, Lyndon B., President, 493

  Jonathan, Prince, 77

  Jonathan the Maccabee, see Maccabees

  Jonathan, son of Saul, 20–1, 79–80

  Joppa, 67, 79n, 84n

  see also Jaffa

  Jordan, 22–3, 28, 61n, 82, 180n, 218, 251, 433, 468, 471, 505

  and Israeli war, 477, 481, 512

  and Six Day War, 494–5

  and UAR, 490–1

  Jordan, river, 13, 65, 95, 379n, 430, 493

  Jorsalaborg, 217

  Joseph, King, 158n

  Joseph, Dov/Bernard, 471, 478

  Joseph of Arimathea, 104, 107–8, 321n

  Joseph the Tobiad, 56–7

  Josephus, xxv, 53, 58, 61, 66, 68, 74–5, 82, 85, 115, 119–20, 354n

  and Jewish revolt, 3–9, 120–1, 123–6, 129, 131–2

  and life of Jesus, 96n, 99n, 100n, 101, 105–6

  writing of Jewish War, 131

  Josiah, King, 39–40

  Joshua, 17–18, 210

  Joshua the priest, 49

  Jotapata, 124

  Juba II, King of Mauretania, 82n, 93n al-Jubeh, Nazmi, xxii, 508

  Judah haNasi, 138–9

  Judah

  and Assyrian conquest, 31–9

  and Babylonian conquest, 41–6

  currency, 55

  and Israel, 21–2, 25, 30–1

  Judah the Maccabee, see Maccabees

  Judah the Pious, 307

  Judaism, 10, 34, 40, 45, 48n, 50, 53, 110, 132, 483, 499

  and early Christianity, 110, 118, 140

  Judas Isacriot, 39n, 91n, 103, 109

  Judeh family, 518

  Aded al-Judeh, 517–18

  Julia, 88

  Julia Sabina, 58n

  Julian the Apostate, Emperor, 149–50, 160n, 163

  Julien (valet), 321

  Juniper, Brother, 299n

  Justin, Emperor, 158

  Justin, 136, 138

  Justinian, Emperor, 130n, 158–61, 163, 182, 184

  Justinian II, Emperor, 182

  Juvelius, Dr Valter, 388–90, 393n

  Juvenal, Bishop, 156–7

  Kaab al-Ahbar, 175–6

  Kaaba, xix, 169–70, 182, 185

  Kabbala, 298, 301–2

  Kaddish, 494

  Kafur, Abul-Misk, 191–3

  Kahn, Rabbi Zadok, 380

  Kalandia airport, 474

  Kaleb, King of Axum, 158n

  Kalischer, Rabbi Zvi Hirsch, 374

  Kamil, Sultan, 260, 265–8, 270

  Kaminitz Hotel, 343

  Kaplony, Andreas, 183n

  Karbala, 180

  Karkar, Battle of, 31

  Karnak, 31

  Kashgar, 202

  Kastel, 471–2

  Katamon, 443, 469, 481

  Keith, Alexander, 332n

  Keith-Roach, Edward, 437, 450, 456–7

  Kennedy, John F., President, 454

  Kenya, 381

  Kerak, 245, 361

  Kerem Avraham, 444

  Kerensky, Alexander, 423n, 429n

  KGB, 486

  Khadija, 169–70

  Khadir, Sheikh, 276–7n

  Khalid bin Walid, 172–4, 177

  Khalidi family, 271n, 308n, 329, 360–2, 439, 466

  Hussein al-Khalidi, 470

  Rashid al-Khalidi, 518n

  Ruhi al-Khalidi, 385, 394

  Yasin al-Khalidi, 378

  Yusuf al-Diya al-Khalidi, 360–2, 370, 380

  Khalidiyyah Library, 271n, 361n, 509n

  Khartoum, 365n

  Khazaria, 191n

  Khazneh shrine, 98

  al-Khazrajy, Sheikh Ghanim, 263

  Khidr the Green Man, 197

  al-Khidri, 188n

  Khmelmytsky, Hetman Bogdan, 301

  Khorasan, 187

  Khusrau II, Shah-in-Shah, 161, 163–4

  Kiamil Pasha, 349

  Kidron Valley, 24n, 40, 85, 87, 103, 132, 139, 218, 226, 479, 493

  Kiev, 489

  King–Crane Commission, 428

  King David Hotel, 441–2, 457–8, 462, 464, 470, 473, 492

  Zionist bombing, 465–6

  King’s Gardens, 511n

  King’s Road, 50n

  Kinglake, Alexander, 345n

  Kirkbridge, Sir Alec, 475

  Kishniev, 380

  Kitchener of Khartoum, Hebert, 1st Earl, 355n, 402–3

  Klausner, Joseph, 438

  Kléber, General Jean-Baptiste, 317

  Knesset, 478, 484, 492, 502–3

  Knights Hospitaller, 219, 226, 243, 246, 249, 259

  Knights Templar, 219, 226, 229–30, 243, 246, 249, 268–70, 344n

  Koestler, Arthur, 191n, 437–8, 461n

  Kollek, Teddy, 501, 504–5

  Konstantin Nikolaievich, Grand Duke, 353

  Koran, 165, 170–1, 173–4, 183–4, 197n, 251, 264, 284, 304, 384, 425, 477

  Kosygin, Alexei, 490

  Kr
ess von Kressenstein, Baron Friedrich, 395, 416

  Kurdistan, 405n

  Kut, 403

  Kuwait, 488

  la saison, 461

  Lachish, 38, 42n

  Ladino language, 295, 335, 360

  Lagerlöf, Selma, 366

  Laodicea, 80

  Last Emperor legend, 189, 256, 269, 340

  Last Supper, 25n, 103n, 254

  Latrun fortress, 260, 480

  Lawrence, Sarah, 404

  Lawrence, T. E., xxv 403–7, 408, 410, 418–22, 425–7, 431–3, 477, 488, 510

  and Orde Wingate, 450–1

  Lawrence, Thomas, 322

  Le Moniteur, 317

  Le Thoron des Chevaliers (Latrun), 260

  League of Nations, 428

  Lebanon, 22, 79, 82, 116, 131n, 180n, 203n, 243, 355, 405, 428, 442, 449, 455n, 456, 469, 477

  Lebanese war, 502–3, 511

  Lehi (Stern Gang), 460–62, 464–6, 471, 481

  Leicester, 363

  Lenin, V. I., 410, 415, 434

  Leo, Pope, 229n

  Leontopolis, 66n

  Leopold II, King of the Belgians, 348

  leprosy, 242n

  Levine, Alter, 407–8, 417n

  Levites, 59

  Libya, 54, 101, 382n, 394

  Licinius, Emperor, 144

  Lifta, 418

  Ligne, Prince de, 311

  Lincoln, Abraham, President, 347n

  Lincoln, Mary Todd, 347n

  Lions’ Gate, 162n, 276, 292n, 496

  Litani, river, 244

  Literary Society, 422

  Lithuania, 191n, 293–4, 298, 350n

  Livermore, Harriet, 338–9

  Livia, Empress, 90, 92, 95

  Living Imams, 193–4, 197

  Livonia, 285

  Livorno, 302, 350

  Lloyd George, David, 1st Earl of Dwyfor, xxv, 381, 409, 411, 413, 415, 418, 424, 426–8, 431

  locusts, 398

  London, 207n, 219n, 352, 370, 421, 441, 446, 453

  London Jews Society, 332, 335, 365

  London Stock Exchange, 350

  Lott, Clyde, 86n

  Loughborough, 363

  Louis VII, King, 234–5, 244

  Louis IX, King, 271–2

  Louis Philippe, King, 330

  Lovers of Zion, 382

  Lucera, 267

  Lueger, Karl, 373

  Luke, Sir Harry, 442, 444

  Luri, Rabbi Isaac, 298

  Luther, Martin, 296

  Luxor, 14

  Lydda, 138, 478

  Lynch, Lieutenant William, 346

  Lyons, 112

  Lysias, 63

  Maamun, Caliph, 190, 196n

  Macarius, Bishop, 145–6, 147n

  Macasader, Mr, 390–1

  Maccabee, Jonathan, the Diplomat, 66–7

  Maccabee, Judah, the Hammer, 64–6

  Maccabee, Simon, the Great, 65, 67–8

  Maccabees, 23, 65–70, 72, 76, 78–80, 83, 89, 100n, 120, 277n, 373, 434, 452, 458

  MacDonald, Malcolm, 453

  MacDonald, Ramsay, 438–9

  Macedonians, see Greeks

  Machaerus fortress, 79n, 96, 98

  Machiavelli, Niccolò, 327

  McMahon, Sir Henry, 403–5

  MacMichael, Harold, 461–2

  McNeil, Brigadier Angus, 442

  Madaba, 69, 160n

  Madagascar, 382n

  Madrid, 504

  Maghrebi Gate, 497–8, 503

  Maghrebi Quarter, 421, 491n, 502

  magic, 48n

  Magnes, Judah, 450

  al-Magribiyyah, Sima, 399

  Mahmoud II, Sultan, 327

  Maimonides, Moses, 240–1, 252–3

  Makhtesh, 35n

  Malik Shah, Sultan, 202n

  Malta, 299, 360

  Mamilla, 162, 213, 227, 441

  Mamluk architecture, 280–81n

  Mamluks, 247, 258–9, 271–2, 275–88, 291

  Manasseh, King, 38–40

  Manchester, 363, 409–10 Manchester Guardian, 411

  Mandelbaum, Simchoh and Esther, 486

  Mandelbaum Gate, 486, 491, 496

  Manichaeanism, 144

  Mansur ibn Sanjun, 179

  Mansur, Caliph, 188

  Manuel, Emperor, 237–9

  Manzikert, 202

  Mar Saba Monastery, 156n

  Marathon, Battle of, 50n

  Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, 81–2, 84, 88, 113

  Marcus Aurelius, Emperor, 138

  Maria, Queen of Jerusalem, 239, 249–50, 256n

  Maria II, Queen of Jerusalem, 265n

  Mariamme, 75, 76–85, 88–9, 111

  Mariamme tower, 84

  Marina (Marinos), 154n

  Mark Antony (Marcus Antonius), 75, 77–8, 80–2, 111, 131, 134n

  Marks & Spencer, 446

  Marley, Bob, 456n

  Maronites, 296, 355

  Marr, Wilhelm, 368n

  Marshall, General George, 476

  Martel, Charles, 65n, 186

  martyrdom, 62, 447

  Marwan, caliph, 180–1

  Marwan Mosque, 509

  Marx, Karl, 345, 374

  Mary I, Queen, 278n

  Mary of Antioch, Queen of Jerusalem, 278n

  Mary, mother of Jesus (Virgin Mary), 91, 92n, 107–8, 222, 519

  and icons, 229

  her tomb, 178, 277, 288n, 496

  Mary Magdalene, xix, 107

  Masada fortress, 77, 79n, 81, 123, 130–1, 458

  Mattathias, 63–5

  Maundrell, Henry, 306n

  Maurice, Emperor, 161

  Maxentius, Emperor, 143

  Maximilian, Archduke, Emperor of Mexico, 348

  May, Kurt and Miriam, 441–2

  Maysun, 179

  Mazor, Dr Eilat, 23n

  Mea Shearim, 364, 399, 444, 478, 486

  Mecca, xix, 101, 176, 181–2, 184, 188n, 197, 245, 251, 264, 292, 309n, 370, 395

  and Arab Revolt, 402, 406

  and life of the Prophet, 169–72

  and Wahabis, 281, 327, 432n

  Medes, 39, 47

  Medina, 171, 188n, 197, 245, 251

  Mediterranean Hotel, 357n