Master Sergeant Chris Crane, USA (Ret.)

  Master Sergeant Jimmy Dean, USA (Ret.)

  Lieutenant Colonel Francis Gabreski, USAF

  Lieutenant Colonel Tony Gies, USA (Ret.)

  Randy Gingrich

  George Grimes, USSOCOM Public Affairs

  Command Sergeant Major Jim Hargraves, USA (Ret.)

  Lieutenant Colonel Charles Judge, USA (Ret.)

  Lieutenant Colonel David W. Kinder, USA (Ret.)

  Jerome Klingaman

  Staff Sergeant Andy Kublik, USAF

  Command Sergeant Major Joe Lupyah, USA (Ret.)

  Herbert A. Mason, AFSOC Command Historian

  Clay T. McCutchan, AFSOC Assistant Command Historian

  Colonel Lee Mize, USA (Ret.)

  Major Paul A. Ott, USA

  Command Sergeant Major Paul Payne, USA (Ret.)

  Colonel Kenneth Poole, USAF

  Major Jon Peck, USAF

  Major General Richard V. Secord, USAF (Ret.)

  Major General Sidney Shacknow, USA (Ret.)

  Lieutenant Colonel Joseph Smith, USA

  Major Dave Snider, USA

  Lieutenant General Michael Spigelmirc, USA (Ret.)

  Brigadier General Joe Stringham, USA (Ret.)

  Lieutenant General William Tangney, USA

  Lieutenant Colonel Thomas Trask, USAF

  Senior Master Sergeant William Waiter, USAF

  —General Carl Stiner (Ret.)

  BIBLIOGRAPHY

  Atkinson, Rick, Crusade: The Untold Story of the Persian Gulf. New Yorh: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.

  Bado, Captain Christopher M., Integration of Special Operations and Conventional Forces in Conventional Warfare. Master’s Thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, ] 996.

  Bank, Colonel Aaron, USA (Ret.), From OSS to Green Berets: The Birth of SPecial Forces. Novato, California: Presidio Press, 1986.

  Beckwith, Colonel Charlie A. (Ret.), Delta Force: The Army’s Elite Counterterrorist Unit. New York: Avon, 2000 (first printed in 1983).

  Brown, Lieutenant Colonel Ronald J., Humanitarian Operations in Northern Iraq 1991 with Marines in Operation Provide Comfort. History and Museums Division, HQ, U.S. Marine Corps. 1995.

  Bucci. Lieutenant Colonel Steven, Interview with General Carl Stiner (Ret.) for the U.S. Army Military History Institute, 1999.

  Carrol], Major Douglas E., Special Forces Doctrine and Army Operations Doctrine. Master’s Thesis, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 1993.

  Chinnery, Philip D., Air Commando. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997.

  Churchill, Lieutenant Colonel Charles W., Interview with Lieutenant Colonel Kenneth R. Bowra. U.S. Army Military History Institute, 1989.

  Dunnigan, James F. and Bay, Austin, From Shield to Storm. New York: William Morrow & Company, 1992.

  Flanagan, Edward M., Lieutenant General USA (Ret.), Battle for Panama, Washington, D.C.: Brassey’s, 1993.

  Cordon, Michael R. and Trainor, Bernard L., The General’s War. New York: Little, Brown & Company. 1995.

  Hilsman, Roger, To Move a Nation: The Politics of Foreign Policy in the Administration of John F. Kennedy. Garden City, NY: Doubieday, 1967.

  Hilton, Lieutenant Colonel Carson L., United States Army Special Forces: From a Decade of Development to a Sustained Future. Military Studies Program Paper, U.S. Army War College, 1991.

  Hiro, Dilip, Desert Shield to Desert Storm—the Second Gulf War. London: HarperCollins (U.S. edition by Routledge), 1992.

  Hutchinson, Kevin, Operation Desert Storm/Desert Shield Chronology & Fact Book. Westporl, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1995.

  Jones, Major Gregg D., A Historical Perspective of Special Operations Forces As an Instrument of Strategy. Masters Thesis, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, 1991.

  Keaney, Thomas A. and Cohen, Eliot A., Revolution in Warfare? Annapolis, Maryland: Naval institute Press, 1995.

  Kelly, Orr, From a Dark Sky. New York: Pocket Books, 1997.

  Marquis, Susan L., Unconventional Warfare. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institute Press, 1997.

  Martin, David C. and Walcott, John, Best Laid Plans: The Inside Story of America’s War Against Terrorism. New York: Harper & How, 1988.

  Morse, Stan (editor), Gulf Air War Debrief . London: Aerospace Publishing, Ltd.

  Office of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Joint History Office, Operation Just Cause, The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations in Panama, February 1988—January 1990. Washington, D.C., 1995.

  Parker, James E., Jr., Covert Ops: The CIA’s Secret War in Laos. New York: St. Martin’s Press. 1995.

  Plaster, John L., SOG: The Secret Wars of America’s Commandos in Vietnam. New York: Onyx, 1998.

  Scales, Brig. Cen. Robert H., Jr., Certain Victory: The U.S. Army in the Gulf War. Washington. D.C.: Brassey’s, 1994.

  Shultz, Richard H., Jr., The Secret War Against Hanoi: Kennedy’s and Johnson’s Use of Spies, Saboteurs, and Corert Warriors in North Vietnam. New York: HarperCollins, 1999.

  Singlaub, Major General John K., USA (Ret.), with Malcolm McConnell, Hazardous Duty: An American Soldier in the Twentieth Century. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.

  Smallwood, William L., Warthog. Washington, D.C.: Brassey’s, 1993.

  Stanton, Shelby L., Green Berets at War. New York: Ballantine Books, 1985.

  Trest, Warren A., Air Commando One: Heinie Aderholt and America’s Secret Air Wars. Washington: Smithsonian, 2000.

  U.S. Department of Defense Plan, Integrating National Guard and Reserve Component Support for Response to Attacks Using Weapons of Mass Destruction. January 1998.

  United States Special Operations Command. History, 1999. Headquarters, U.S. Special Operations Command. MacDill AFB, Florida.

  U.S. Army Special Operations Command, Directory of History, Archives. Library, and Museums, “Cease Resistance: It’s Good For You”: A History of U.S. Army Psychological Operations. Fort Bragg, NC, 1996.

  U.S. Army Special Operations Command, Directory of History, Archives, Library, and Museums, Sine Parl: The Story of Army Special Operations, Fort Bragg, NC, 1997.

  U.S. Army Special Operations Command, Directory of History, Archives, Library, and Museums, To Free from Oppression: A Concise History of U.S. Army Special Forces, Civil Affairs, Psychological Operations, and the John F Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School. Fort Bragg, NC, 1996.

  Walker, Creg, At the Hurricane’s Eye: U.S. Special Operations forces from Vietnam to Desert Storm. New York: Ballantine Books, 1994.

  Waller, Douglas, The Commandos. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994.

  Woodward, Bob, The Commanders. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.

  Yarborough, Lieutenant General William P. (Ret.), Selections from his published papers, speeches, and interviews.

  XVIII Airborne Corps Public Affairs Office, A Compendium of Articles Appearing in Various Publications, 20 December 1989-13 January 1990 Detailing Fort Bragg’s Participation in Operation Just Cause.

  XVIII Airborne Corps, Organizational History Files, 1989—90. Operation Just Cause. Corps Historian’s Notes. Notebook #1.

  INDEX

  Abbas, Abu

  A camps

  Achille Lauro (cruise ship)

  Abbas and Hassan

  on board

  Cairo

  consequences from

  Cyprus

  the intercept

  Sigonella

  Washington

  A-Detachments.

  training

  Advance Course

  Advanced SEAL Delivery System

  Afghanistan

  African Crisis Response Initiative

  Airborne units

  Air Component

  Aircraft

  Airlift

  Akers, Frank, Col.

  Algeria

  ALLIED FORCE

  ALO (authorized level of organization)

  At-Qaeda.

  Amal.

  Ambassadors

  Americans

  Annicchiarici, Col.
>
  Antoine, Col.

  Aoun, Michel

  Apaches

  Arabs.

  Arafat, Yasir

  Are Lights

  Area B-1

  Area fire weapons

  Arens, Moshe

  Aristide.Jean-Bertrand.

  Armed Forces Staff College

  Army.

  game-conservation programs

  headgear

  institutional svrnbols

  officers.

  social culture in

  training in

  Army Green Book

  Arthur, Stanley R., Vice Adm.

  ARVN (Army of the Republic of Vietnam)

  AS (Armée Secrete).

  ASD (SOLIC)

  Assad, Hafiz.

  Asymmetrical warfare

  Attrition rate

  Atwa. Ali

  Austrians

  Avoiding detection

  AWADS-equipped.

  Bad Tolz, Germany

  Balkans

  “The Ballad of the Green Beret,”

  Balwanz, Richard “Bulldog,” CW2

  Bank, Aaron.

  Bartholomees, Jim, Col.

  Bartholomew, Heginald

  Barzani, Masud

  Basic Officers Course

  “Bat Cave ” (King Fahd Airport SF base)

  Battalion recon platoon.

  Battle of Dak To

  BDAs (Bomb Damage Assessments)

  B-Detachments

  Begin, Menachem

  Beirut.

  Ben Het

  Benjedid. Chadli

  Bernsen, Harold J., Rear Adm.

  Berri, Nabih

  Bin Laden, Osama

  Black Hats

  Blackhawk

  BLIND LOGIC

  “Blues,”

  BLUE SPOON. See also JUST CAUSE

  bomb threat

  command-and-control relationships

  finalizing

  pre-H-hour

  provocations from Noriega

  revisions to

  shooting incident

  Boghammer.

  Boomer, Watter E., Lt. Gen.

  Bowen (destroyer)

  Bowie knife

  British

  Buckley, William “Bill”

  Burba, Edwin H., Gen.

  Burney, Lin, Col.

  Bush, George

  Bush, George W.

  Bushnell, John.

  Cadre training program

  Cairo, Egypt

  Cambodia

  Camp MacKall

  CAPSTONE Course

  Carney, John, Maj.

  Carter, Jimmy

  CAS (combat air support)

  Castro (Mohammed Ali Hamadi)

  Cavezza, Carmen, Maj. Gen.

  C-Detachments

  Cedras, Raoul, Gen.

  CENTCOM (U.S. Central Command)

  Center of gravity

  CFOI (Command Communications and Electronic Operating Instructions)

  Chain of command

  Chehab, Fouad

  Cheney, Dick

  CH-47 Chinooks

  Chiang Kai-shek

  Christian Phalange

  CIA.

  and Special Forces

  CIDG (Civilian Irregular Defense Group)

  CINCEUR

  CINCLANT (Commander in Chief, Atlantic)

  CINCs.

  CINCSOCs.

  Cisneros, Marc, Maj. Gen.

  Civil Affairs

  Clancy, Tom

  Clandestine entry

  Clark, MarK W., Lt. Gen.

  Clifton, Chester V. “Ted,” Maj. Gen.

  Cluster bombs

  Cody, Dick, Lt. Col.

  Cohen, William

  Cold War

  Collateral damage

  Collier, Kenny, (CWO)

  Colombia

  Colonialism.

  Combat readiness training

  Combat Talons

  Combined Task force Alpha

  Command and General Staff College

  Commander’s Intent

  Communists

  Competition

  Confidence course

  Contact mines

  Coriolan

  COSVN (Central Office for South Vietnam)

  Counterinsurgency

  Counterproliferation

  Craxi, Prime Minister

  Cross-loading

  Crowe, William, Adm.

  Cruise ships

  CSTs (coalition support teams)

  Cuba

  Curtis, Adam, Lt.

  CV-22 Osprey

  Cyprus

  “Daisy Cutters,”

  Dak Pek

  Dak To

  Dayton Peace Accords

  Deep reconnaissance

  DEFCON (defensive fire concentration)

  Defections

  DeGroff, Robert “Buzzsaw,” Sgt.

  Del Cid, Lt. Col.

  Demining operations

  Democratic capitalism

  Denied territory

  Dennau, Tony, Sgt.

  Derickson, Uli

  Dc Rosa, Ccrardo, Capt.

  Desert One.

  DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM. See also PROVIDE COMFORT

  air war

  deception on Kuwait beaches

  postwar observations

  PSYOPs

  result of.

  Seud missiles

  special reconnaissance missions

  SR mission account by Richard Balwanz

  Desert training

  Detachment B

  Devlin, Daniel D., Lt. Col.

  Dien Bien Phu

  Dietz, Tom, Lt.

  Dignity Battalions.

  Diplomatic immunity

  Direct-fire weapons

  Discipline

  Dominique Leb. Lt. (Jacques Le Bel de

  Penguilly)

  Domino Theory

  Donovan, “Wild Bill,” Gen.

  Downing, Wayne, Maj. Gen.

  in Kuwait

  and Operation PACIFIC WIND

  in Panama

  Drug trafficking

  Druze PSP

  Dunbar, Layton, Col.

  EAGER ANVIL

  EARNEST WILL

  Edmonds, Maurice, Maj.

  EDRE (emergency deployment readiness exercise)

  Egypt

  Egypt Air

  XVIII Airborne Corps

  Eisenhower (aircraft carrier)

  ELABORATE MAZE

  Emerson, Hank, Maj. Gen.

  Endara, Guillermo

  End state

  Entebbe Airport rescue

  EUCOM (U.S. European Command)

  Fairbairn, William, Maj.

  Fairbanks, Richard

  Fall, Bernard

  FFI (Force Francaises d’Interieur)

  Fintel, Tim, Col.

  Fister, Bruce, Brig. Gen.

  FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared Receiver)

  Florer, Stan, Lt. Col.

  Flynn, Mike, Col.

  F-117s

  Force package

  Force

  Foreign aviation training

  FORSCOM

  Fort Benning

  Fort Bragg

  Fort Cimarron, Panama

  Foss, John, Lt. Gen.

  Franks, Fred, Lt. Gen.

  Free French

  French

  Friendly-fire incidents

  From the OSS to Green Berets: The Birth of Special Forces (Bank)

  F-16s

  FSSF (First Special Service Force)

  FTP (Franc Tireurs Partisans)

  “Gabriel Demonstration”

  Galvin, James, Gen.

  Game-conservation programs

  Gardner, Bobbie, Sgt.

  Garner, Jay M., Maj. Gen.

  Gatanas, Col.

  “Gators”

  Gemayel, Amin

  Gemayel, Bashir

  Geneva Accords

  Geraghty, Tim, Col.

  German commandos

  Germans

>   Giroldi, Moises, Maj.

  Glosson, Buster C., Brig. Gen.

  Gnecknow, Jerry C., Rear Adm.

  Gobbler Woods

  Goldwater-Nichols Act (1986). See also Nunn-Cohen Amendment

  GPS (global positioning system)

  Graduation exercise

  Gray, George, Maj. Gen.

  Green beret

  Green Berets

  The Green Berets (Moore)

  Grenada

  Guadaleanal (assault ship)

  Guam

  Guerrero, Leon, Chief Sgt. Maj.

  Guerrillas

  Guest, James, Maj. Gen.

  Gulf War. See also PROVIDE COMFORT

  air war

  deception on Kuwait beaches

  end of

  first

  postwar observations

  PSYOPs

  Scud missiles

  special reconnaissance missions44

  Habib, Phillip

  “Hail Mary,”

  Haiti

  Hakim, Maj. Gen.

  Hamdan, Abbas, Brig. Gen.

  Harkins, Paul, Gen.

  Hartzog, Bill, Brig. Gen.

  Hassan

  Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty

  Headgear

  Helfer, Rick, Maj.

  Hercules

  Hezbollah

  Hide sites

  Higgins, Maj.

  Hill

  Hill

  Hilsman, Roger

  Hip-pocket training

  Hitler, Adolf

  Hobson, Jim, Maj. Gen.

  Ho Chi Minh Trail

  Holland, Charlie R.

  Holloway, James L., Adm.

  HONEY BADGER

  Hooton, Hoot, Col.

  Hopkins, Charles, Sgt.

  Horner, Chuck, Lt. Gen.

  Hostage-taking

  Hoyt, Lt. Col.

  Hubert, Capt.

  Huff, Paul B., Sgt.

  Humble, Howard, Maj.

  HUMINT (human intelligence)

  Hunt, Joe, Lt. Col.

  Hurley, Pat, Sgt. Maj.

  Hussein, Saddam

  Indochina

  IQ requirement

  Iran

  hostage crisis

  Iran Ajr

  Iran-Iraq War

  Iraq

  and Gulf War

  invasion of Kuwait

  Islam

  Islamic Jihad

  Islamic revolution

  Isolation area

  Israel

  Israelis

  and Achille Lauro takedown

  withdrawal from Lebanon

  Italy

  Jacobelly, Jake, Col.

  Jamerson, James, Maj. Gen.

  Japan

  JEDBURGH

  Jedhurgh Tems

  Jeremiah, Dave, Rear Adm.

  Jews