Thomas, Lorenzo, 61-62
Thompson, C. D., 83
Thompson, John, 90
Thompson, Joseph, 170
Thompson, Joseph M., 136
Thornton, Charles, 8, 112-17
Three Crossings Station, 18
Tod, David, 62
Tongue River, 28, 187
Townsend, George, 83
Transportation, 4, 16-17, 31, 43, 121, 124, 126-27, 139, 169, 193, 198-99, 207
Trinity River. 168
Tubbs, W. H., 133, 135
Tucker, John G., 216
Two Bears, 81, 83-85, 92-94
Twyman, John W., 24-25, 28
Union Pacific Railroad, 3. 139, 141, 161
Union Vedette, 149-51, 158
U.S. Congress, 70
U.S. Interior Department, 124
U.S. Navy, 58-59, 65
U.S. troops, 2nd Cavalry, 201, 204, 209-10; 7th Cavalry, 138; 18th Infantry, 5, 136, 138, 159-61, 179-80
U.S. Volunteers, 1st. 3, 5-9, 33-34, 67-113, 144, 191-205; 2nd. 3, 6, 8, 11, 14-17, 45-53, 70, 114, 119-20, 143, 156, 207; 3rd, 3, 4, 6-7, 11-45, 53, 70, 114, 119, 134, 137, 140, 143-44, 169, 171, 186; 4th, 3. 6, 7-8, 70, 101, 104-5, 112-18, 205; 5th, 3, 6, 8, 44, 59, 119-43, 153, 159, 186, 194, 205-10, 215; 6th, 3, 6, 8, 44, 59, 137, 143-80, 186, 203, 205, 215
U.S. War Department, 56, 60-64, 67-70, 112, 119, 210
Upton, William B., 86
Utah, 3, 6-7, 10, 20, 33, 59, 143, 146-52, 157-60, 170, 177, 179
Vermilion River, 117
Vicksburg, Miss., 87, 211
Virginia, 12, 68, 71, 91, 108, 112, 204, 213
Virginia troops, 72, 120, 122, 169
Vose, William, 115
Walker, George, 39-40
Walker, Samuel, 186, 189
Walker’s Creek, Kan., 200
Wallace, Lew, 62-63
Walnut Creek, Kan., 46
Ward, Edward, 188
Ware, Eugene, 4, 7, 154, 178
Wasatch Mountains, 147
Waters, William, 5
Watson, Hiram, 89
Weather, 30, 32, 44, 79, 83, 86-87, 90, 99, 125-27, 135, 155, 157, 161, 172, 184, 189, 193, 197, 202
Welch, Mrs. Patrick, 140
Welch, Patrick, 140
Wessells, H. W., 139-42
West Point Military Academy, 120, 143
White Earth River, 78
Whitlock, Will, 43
Wilkes, Charles, 58
Wilkes, W. H., 58
Williams, Aquilla, 83
Williford, George W., 121, 123-36, 140, 215
Willow Spring Creek, Wyo., 35-36
Wilson, Benjamin, 91-92
Wilson, James, 125
Winchester, Va., 108
Winnebago Indians. See Omaha
Scouts Wisconsin, 71, 73, 88
Wisconsin Ranch, 145-46
Wisconsin troops, 51, 91, 109; 30th Infantry, 73, 80, 82, 94; 50th Infantry, 110-11, 115
Women on the frontier, 33-34, 41, 80, 97-99, 140, 160, 206
Wood, John R, 124
Wood Lake, Dakota Territory, 81
Wright, Alpha, 8, 156
Wright, M. J., 212
Wynkoop, W. W., 208
Wyoming, 4-5, 8, 10, 17-19, 28, 33-43, 126-29, 132-38, 140, 143, 145-47, 152-56, 158-61, 169-76, 179-82, 184-85, 187, 190, 202, 208, 210
Yankton, Dakota Territory, 124
Yanktonai Sioux, 81, 83, 85, 92, 99, 104
Yellowstone River, 120
Yellowstone (steamboat), 91, 95
Yeomans, Stephen P., 6, 104, 106, 117
York, Zebulon, 216
Young, Brigham, 148, 177
A Biography of Dee Brown
Dorris Alexander “Dee” Brown (1908–2002) was the author of many fiction and nonfiction books about the American West and the Civil War. He is best remembered for his celebrated chronicle Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, which is widely credited with exposing the systematic destruction of American Indian tribes to a world audience.
Born in Alberta, Louisiana, Brown grew up in the small town of Stephens in Ouachita County, Arkansas. His father died when he was five years old, and he was raised by his mother and maternal grandmother, who proved instrumental in igniting his interest in reading at an early age. His grandmother told him stories from the Civil War, as well as tales of Davy Crockett, the frontier hero who had been an acquaintance of her father’s. A regard for Pawnee baseball pitcher Moses Yellowhorse, as well as Brown’s friendship with an Indian peer, helped fuel his lifelong interest in the plight and history of American Indians.
As an adolescent, Brown was drawn to literature, particularly the works of John Dos Passos, William Faulkner, Jack London, and Robert Louis Stevenson. His interest in history was reinforced when a teacher introduced him to the expedition of Lewis and Clark. He was also drawn to journalism, and published his first story at the age of fifteen in a neighborhood tabloid he started with friends. Brown worked as both a reporter and a printer before enrolling at Arkansas State Teachers College (now the University of Central Arkansas), where he met his future wife, Sally Stroud. Brown later earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees in library science from George Washington University and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, respectively. In the years between these studies, during World War II, he was drafted to into the U.S. Army and served as a librarian in the Department of Agriculture, a position that gave him frequent access to the National Archives.
Brown began publishing magazine articles in the 1930s, followed by a novel in 1942. His writing career took off in 1948, with the publication of the first of three books of frontier history he had co-authored with Martin Schmitt, titled Fighting Indians of the West. Legendary Scribner’s editor Maxwell Perkins oversaw the series.
Brown went on to publish more than thirty books during his lifetime. His novels, which unite a love of storytelling and high adventure with rigorous historical accuracy, include Action at Beecher Island, Cavalry Scout, Conspiracy of Knaves, Killdeer Mountain, The Girl from Fort Wicked, and Creek Mary’s Blood, a notable saga about five generations of one American Indian family. Among his extensively researched works of nonfiction are The Gentle Tamers, about the role of women in the Old West; Hear That Lonesome Whistle Blow, a history of the beginnings of the railroads; and The Year of the Century: 1876, a look at America at the time of its first centennial. Brown’s most famous title is Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee (1970). During years of research, Brown compiled eyewitness accounts, tribal histories, and other archived documents, synthesizing them into a record of the deadly frontier conflicts in the late nineteenth century from an American Indian perspective. The book has been translated into more than thirty languages over the years, and continues to be translated for new audiences today. It remains one of the definitive works on American history, as it revealed a devastating side to western expansion.
Brown died in 2002 in Little Rock, Arkansas. He was ninety-four and at work on a new novel that was to be a sequel to The Way to Bright Star, which he published at the age of 90.
FIGURE 1. One of the principal duties of the Galvanized Yankees was guarding wagon trains across the plains, as shown in this drawing by Frederic Remington. University of Illinois Library
FIGURE 2. Some of these Confederate prisoners of war at Rock Island, Illinois, in 1864, no doubt enlisted in the 2nd and 3rd U.S. Volunteers for service against hostile Indians on the Western frontier. Illinois State Historical Society
FIGURE 3. Fort Rice, North Dakota, as it looked in 1864. Here the 1st and 4th U.S. Volunteers were attacked by heavy forces of Sioux Indians on July 28, 1865. Minnesota State Historical Society
FIGURE 4. Confederate prisoners of war at Camp Douglas, Illinois, where several companies of the 5th and 6th U.S. Volunteers were recruited in 1865. The man seated second from the left in the front row is believed to be John T. Shanks, later commissioned captain of Company I, 6th U.S. Volunteers. University of Illinois Library
FIGURE 5. Henry Morton Stanley in 1861, as
he began his career as soldier in the Confederate Army, soldier in the Union Army, and sailor in the Union Navy. University of Illinois Library
FIGURE 6. General Alfred Sully, commander of Galvanized Yankees in the Northwest. Western History Collection, Denver Public Library
FIGURE 7. A contemporary drawing of U.S. Volunteers escorting General Grenville Dodge’s supply train past Scotts Bluff en route from Julesburg to Fort Laramie, August 1865. A Pacific Telegraph line runs along the left side of the trail. University of Illinois Library
FIGURE 8. Fort Kearney, with passing wagon train, as sketched by William H. Jackson at the time Galvanized Yankees were stationed there. Colorado State Historical Society
FIGURE 9. The guardhouse at Camp Douglas, Utah. National Archives.
FIGURE 10. The crude dugouts and stockades of Fort Berthold as they appeared in 1865-66 when companies of the 1st and 4th U.S. Volunteers were stationed at the Missouri River post. W. H. Over Museum, State University of South Dakota
FIGURE 11. Camp Douglas, Utah, which was built by California and Nevada Volunteers. It was the luxury garrison of the West when the Galvanized Yankees served here in 1865-66. National Archives
FIGURE 12. Platte Bridge Station as it appeared in a drawing by Bugler C. Moellman, 11th Ohio Cavalry, when Captain A. S. Lybe’s Galvanized Yankees participated in the famed Indian fight of July 1865. University of Wyoming Library
FIGURE 13. An Indian attack upon dugouts defended by a battalion of 1st U.S. Volunteers near Monument Station, Kansas, as depicted by one of the participants, Theodore Davis, artist-correspondent for Harper’s Weekly (April 21, 1866).
FIGURE 14. Fort Bridger as it appeared in 1866, the same year that companies of the 6th U.S. Volunteers were in service there. From a painting by William H. Jackson. University of Wyoming Library
FIGURE 15. Spotted Tail, his wife, and his daughter, the legendary Fleet Foot. Photograph by S. J. Morrow. W. H. Over Museum, State University of South Dakota
FIGURE 16. George Bent, who led Cheyenne warriors against Captain Williford’s Galvanized Yankees in the Powder River Country, with his wife Magpie. Colorado State Historical Society
All rights reserved, including without limitation the right to reproduce this ebook or any portion thereof in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of the publisher.
Grierson’s Raid copyright © 1954 by the University of Illinois
The Bold Cavaliers copyright © 1959 by Dee Alexander Brown
The Galvanized Yankees copyright © 1963 by Dee Brown
Cover design by Itzy Ramirez
ISBN: 978-1-5040-4959-7
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