Page 34 of The Odyssey

r more of the suitors now devouring your livelihood."





So saying, Athene began touching him with her wand.



She shriveled the healthy flesh on his supple limbs,

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destroyed the fair hair on his head, and over his whole



person now stretched the skin of an old and age-worn man.



She dimmed his eyes, that before were so attractive,



and changed his clothes to a ragged cloak and tunic,



all threadbare and filthy, begrimed with foul black smoke;

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and round him she cast the great hide of a speedy deer,



bald of its hair, and gave him a staff, and a leather bag



tattered and rent, that was held by a twisted cord.





Plans made, the two of them parted. The goddess now left



for lordly Lakedaimon, in search of Odysseus' son.





Book 14


But the rough path up from the harbor was that which Odysseus



now took, by the woodland and heights, to where Athene



said he'd find the noble swineherd, who, of all the household



Odysseus possessed, devoted most care to his property.



Ensconced in his forecourt he found him, where the enclosure

5



had been built up high, at a point with a wide view round,



a fine big open courtyard, in a sheltered position. This



the swineherd had built himself, unknown to his mistress



or old Laertes, for the pigs of his absent master, using



quarried stones, topped off with a coping of prickly thorn.

10



Outside he'd driven in posts, right round in a circle,



strong and close, splitting them off from an oak's dark center;



inside the enclosure he'd fashioned a dozen sties



set close to each other, to serve as beds for the pigs:



in each of them fifty ground-sleeping swine were penned.



These were sows, for breeding; the boars bedded down outside,

15



and were fewer by far in number, for the godlike suitors



made inroads on them for feasting. The swineherd always



sent them the best of the fattened hogs: there were



three hundred and sixty of these, and there slept beside them

20



four guard dogs, as savage as wild beasts, specially reared



by the swineherd, leader of men. He himself was now busy



making a pair of sandals and fitting them to his feet,



cutting a piece of fresh-colored oxhide. The others



had gone off, one here, one there, with their droves of swine--

25



three of them, that is: the fourth he'd sent into town



with a hog, taken under constraint, to the arrogant suitors,



for them to slaughter and glut their appetites with the meat.





Odysseus was suddenly spotted by the ferocious guard dogs,



and they made for him, barking loudly. Odysseus, however,

30



showing presence of mind, sat down, letting go of his staff.



Yet there on his own farmstead he might have been badly hurt



had the swineherd not run up quickly, chasing the dogs



across the forecourt, dropping his oxhide as he came,



and, shouting loudly, had scattered them this way and that

35



with volleys of stones. He then addressed his master, saying:



"Old man, those dogs came so close to tearing you apart



in an instant, and you would have put the blame on me!



And the gods have brought on me other griefs and sorrows:



For I sit here lamenting, and mourning a godlike master

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and fattening up these hogs for other men to devour,



while he may now be adrift, half-starved and in need of food,



in some town or country of aliens, foreign of speech--



that is, if he's still alive, and enjoying the sunlight!



But come indoors with me now, old man, and after

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you've quietened your heart with food and wine, you too



can relate where you're from, all the hardships you've endured."





So saying, the noble1 swineherd escorted him to his hut,



ushered him in, heaped up thick rough brushwood, and on it



spread the hide of a shaggy wild goat for him to sit on--

50



his own coverlet, large and hairy--and Odysseus was pleased



at being given such a good welcome, and addressed him, saying:



"My host,2 may Zeus and the other immortal gods now grant you



what you most desire, since you gave me a ready welcome."





To him then, swineherd Eumaios, did you make answer, saying:

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"Stranger, were one even meaner than you to come here,



I'd still have no right to reject him, for all strangers and beggars



are from Zeus, and a gift, however small, is friendly



from folk such as us; for that's always the lot of servants,



frightened when those who have the mastery over them

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are the young. The gods, it's true, have blocked that man's return



who'd have treated me as a friend, would have given me possessions--



a home, a plot of land, a much-courted wife, such things



as a kind-hearted master gives to a servant of his



who works hard for him, whose labor a god makes prosper

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just as this work prospers to which I'm now committed.



For me my lord would have done much, had he grown old here;



but he perished, as I now wish Helen's whole line had perished,



utterly, she who unstrung the knees of so many men!



For he too went out there to save Agamemnon's honor,

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to Ilion, rich in good horses, to fight against the Trojans."





So saying, he quickly girded his tunic with a belt,



and went out to the sties, where the droves of pigs were confined.



From there he chose two, brought them in, and killed them both,



singed them and cut them up and put the meat on spits,

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and roasted it. Then he placed the cuts, hot and still spitted,



with a sprinkling of white barley, in front of Odysseus.



In an ivy-wood bowl he now mixed the honey-sweet wine,



and sat down facing his guest, and addressed him invitingly:



"Eat now, stranger! Enjoy the food that's the fare for servants--

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cheap pork! The fattened hogs are kept for the suitors' meals,



men whose minds care nothing for the gods' wrath, or for pity.



The blessed gods do not favor reckless deeds, but rather



have rewards for justice and for men's righteous deeds.



Even the hostile and lawless, who invade the land of others

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to get a living, and Zeus allows them their plunder, so that



they sail home with laden vessels--on their minds too



falls the strong fear of the gods' wrath. But these men here



must know something, must have had some word from a god



about his sorry death, since they will not court properly

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or go back to their own possessions, but here at their ease



waste our goods wantonly, and restraint there is none,



for on every night and day that we get from Zeus they never



sacrifice just one victim, or even two, I think,



and our wine they waste, consuming it recklessly.

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Great indeed, past telling, were his resources: no other



heroic warrior, either away on the dark mainland,



or on Ithake itself, could match them. Not twenty men



together had as much wealth: I'll list you the sum of it.



On the mainland, twelve herds of cattle, twelve flocks of sheep,

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as many droves of swine and wide-ranging troops of goats



are pastured alike by outsiders and his own herdsmen.



Eleven wide-ranging troops of goats browse at the farthest



end of the island, and over them good men watch,



each of whom daily drives off one of his troop for them--

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whichever fattened goat looks to be the best that he has.



Myself, I guard and watch over these swine here, and choose



the best of the hogs to provide for them."





So he spoke.



His grateful guest was already downing the meat and wine



greedily, in silence, planning trouble for the suitors.

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But when he'd had supper, and quietened his heart by eating,



the swineherd topped up with wine the bowl from which



he himself drank, and gave it him; he took it, glad at heart,



and spoke, and addressed him with winged words, saying: "Friend,



who was the man that bought you with his resources,

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one as wealthy and powerful as you mentioned? You say



he perished upholding the honor of Agamemnon: tell me,



since such a person I may perhaps recognize;



for only Zeus and the other immortal gods may know



whether I've seen and had news of him: much I've wandered."

120





The swineherd, leader of men, responded to him, saying:



"Old man, no wanderer who turned up with news of him



would ever convince his wife and son: far from it!



Vagrant fellows in need of comfort and sustenance



tell lies: they have no desire to offer a true account!

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Anyone who in his wandering stops off at Ithake



goes straight to my mistress and spins her a lying yarn;



and she entertains him kindly and questions him in detail,



while shedding tears of sorrow from beneath her eyelids,



as a woman will do when her husband has perished far away.

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You too, old man, would be quick to concoct a story



If someone gave you for it a cloak and tunic to wear!



As for him, by now the dogs and swift birds of prey



will have torn the skin from his bones, and the soul's gone from him,



or fish in the deep sea have eaten him, and his bones

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are now down under the sands of some mainland beach.



So he's perished out there, and on his friends hereafter--



all, but on me most of all--grief's been laid, for never again



will I find so kindly a master, however far I go,



not even if I went back to my parents' home, the place

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where I was born, and they raised me themselves. Yet it's not



so much for them that I grieve--much though I now long



to set eyes on them again, to be in my own country--



no, it's Odysseus for whom I yearn, and he's gone!



To speak his name, stranger, even when he's absent, I find

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presumptuous,3 since he always loved and cared for me greatly:



'Honored master' I rather call him, even though he's far away."





Much-enduring noble Odysseus responded to him, saying:



"Friend, since yours is a total denial, since you don't believe



that man will ever come back, and your heart's still incredulous,

150



then I'll not just make a plain statement, but swear an oath to it



that Odysseus will return! I claim the reward for good news



the moment that man sets foot inside his home--then clothe me



in a cloak and a tunic, fine garments! But until then,



however sore my need, I would not accept anything;

155



for as hateful to me as the gates of Hades is the man



who, yielding to poverty, concocts a deceitful story.



Zeus, first among gods, be my witness, and this guest's table,



and the hearth of peerless Odysseus, to which I have come,



that all these things indeed will come to pass as I tell you!

160



Within the current moon's sequence Odysseus will arrive here,



between this month's waning and the rising of the next.



He will come back home, and take vengeance on all those



here who dishonor his wife and his illustrious son."





To him then, swineherd Eumaios, you responded, saying:

165



"Neither shall I pay you this reward for good news, old man,



nor will Odysseus ever come home, so relax and drink,



and let's think about other matters--don't remind me of these!



The heart in my breast suffers agonies whenever



anyone mentions my caring master. As for your oath,

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we'll let that ride: may Odysseus indeed come back,



as I hope and desire, as indeed does Penelope too,



and aged Laertes, and godlike Telemachos. Now



it's for him I ceaselessly grieve, the son Odysseus begot:



Telemachos. Him the gods bred up like a sapling: I thought

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he'd grow to be no worse a man among men



than his own dear father, a marvel in form and looks.



But some immortal damaged the common sense within him,



or maybe some human: he went after news of his father



to sacred Pylos, and now the lordly suitors are lying

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in wait for him on his way home, that Arkeisios' godlike



line may die out on Ithake, leave no name behind.



But we'll leave him be now, whether he's to be ambushed



or escape with a helping hand from the son of Kronos.



Come now, old sir, inform me about your own misfortunes,

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and make it a truthful account, one that I can rely on!



Who are you? From where? What city? Who are your parents?



What kind of ship did you come on? And how did sailors



bring you here to Ithake? And who did they claim to be?



For I don't imagine you made your way here on foot."

190





Then resourceful Odysseus responded to him, saying:



"Very well, I'll give you a truthful account of these matters.



I only wish that we two had enough supplies of food



and sweet wine, here in your hut, enough to last a while,



that we could feast on in silence, while others did the work:

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easily then could I take up the space of a whole year



and still not have finished the tale of my heartfelt sufferings--



sum total of all that by the gods' will I've endured.





"From broad Krete, I claim, derives my family background:



I'm the son of a wealthy man, and numerous other

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offspring were born and raised in his halls, legitimate



sons of his wife; but the mother who bore me was bought,



a concubine. Yet he honored me like his true-born sons,



did Kastor, the son of Hylax, from whom I claim descent,



and who was revered like a god by the Kretans in their land

205



for his wealth and prosperity, his splendid sons. But still



the spirits of death pounced on him and carried him off



to the house of Hades. His property was divided



by his arrogant sons, who cast lots for it. But to me



they allotted a small portion only, house and all.

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Yet I married a wife from a wealthy landowning family



on the grounds of my excellence: I was no good-for-nothing,



no coward in battle. Now all that strength is gone,



though I think when you look at the stubble you'll recognize
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