Free at Last
A DAY IN APRIL, 1968
Long before downtown Atlanta was awake, she was there beside the church, her back against the stone. Like the poor around her, with their meager fires in braziers against the April chill, she had brought fried chicken wrapped in foil and now ate it slowly as she waited for the sun. The nearby families told their children stories about the old days before black people marched, before black people voted, before they could allow their anger or even their exhaustion to show. There were stories, too, of Southern hunts for coons and 'possums among the red Georgia hills, and myths of strong women and men, Indian and black, who knew the secret places of the land and refused to be pried from them. As always they were dressed in their very Sunday best, and were resigned; on their arms the black bands of crepe might have been made of iron. They were there when the crowd began to swell, early in the morning. Making room, giving up their spots around the entrance to the church, yet still pressing somehow forward, with their tired necks extended, to see, just for a moment, just for a glimpse, the filled coffin.
They were there when the limousines began to arrive, and there when the family, wounded, crept up the steps, and there when the senators running for President flashed by, and there when the horde of clergy in their outdone rage stomped by, and there when the movie stars glided, as if slowly blown, into the church, and there when all these pretended not to see the pitiable crowd of nobodies who hungered to be nearer, who stood outside throughout the funeral service (piped out to them like scratchy Muzak) and shuffled their feet in their too tight shoes, and cleared their throats repeatedly against their tears and all the same helplessly cried.
Later, following the casket on its mule-drawn cart, they began to sing a song the dead man had loved. "I come to the garden a-lone....While the dew is still on the ro-ses...." Such an old favorite! And neutral. The dignitaries who had not already slipped away--and now cursed the four-mile walk behind the great dead man--opened their mouths eagerly in genial mime. Ahead of Meridian a man paraded a small white poodle on a leash. The man was black, and a smiler. As he looked about him a tooth encased in patterned gold sparked in his mouth. On the dog's back a purple placard with white lettering proclaimed "I have a dream."
Then she noticed it: As they walked, people began to engage each other in loud, even ringing, conversation. They inquired about each other's jobs. They asked after members of each other's families. They conversed about the weather. And everywhere the call for Coca-Colas, for food, rang out. Popcorn appeared, and along their route hot-dog stands sprouted their broad, multicolored umbrellas. The sun came from behind the clouds, and the mourners removed their coats and loosened girdles and ties. Those who had never known it anyway dropped the favorite song, and there was a feeling of relief in the air, of liberation, that was repulsive.
Meridian turned, in shame, as if to the dead man himself.
"It's a black characteristic, man," a skinny black boy tapping on an imaginary drum was saying. "We don't go on over death the way whiteys do." He was speaking to a white couple who hung on guiltily to every word.
Behind her a black woman was laughing, laughing, as if all her cares, at last, had flown away.
Questions
"I'M AFRAID I WON'T be able to live up to what is required of me--by history, by economics...."
"But there's so much you can give, other than being able to kill. That should be self-evident."
"It isn't though."
"I used to raise my arm and shout, 'Death to honkies,' too," said Truman, "but I understood I didn't really mean it. Not really. Not like the men who attacked the police during the riots. I thought of what it would be like to kill, when I thought I was going to be drafted. In the army, killing would be all right, I supposed. Since I wasn't drafted, it seemed useless to think about it."
"In the army you would simply kill to keep yourself alive. Revolutionary killing is systematic. You line people up who have abused you, as a group, and you simply eradicate them, like you would eradicate a disease."
"A disease with faces, with children ... human voices."
"Yes, but a disease nonetheless." To Truman the discussion was academic, so he could state his points neatly. "By the way," he now said, "do you think you could kill anyone, lined up before you like so much diphtheria or smallpox? Or cancer?" Although, to Truman, the rich were a cancer on the world, he would not mind being rich himself.
Meridian laughed, the stubborn ambivalence of her nature at last amusing her. "Sometimes I'm positive I could. Other times I'm just as sure I could not. And even if I felt sure I could do it all the time I still couldn't know, could I, until the occasion for killing someone presented itself? Besides," she said, "I don't trust revolutionaries enough to let them choose who should be killed. I would probably end up on the wrong side of the firing squad, myself."
"No one would ask killing of you," said Truman.
"Because I'm a woman?"
"Oh, Christ," said Truman, "because you're obviously not cut out for it. You're too sensitive. One shot and even though you missed you'd end up a basket case."
"That's true," said Meridian, "but do you think that has anything to do with it? I don't. I mean, I think that all of us who want the black and poor to have equal opportunities and goods in life will have to ask ourselves how we stand on killing, even if no one else ever does. Otherwise we will never know--in advance of our fighting--how much we are willing to give up."
"Suppose you found out, without a doubt, that you could murder other people in a just cause, what would you do? Would you set about murdering them?"
"Never alone," said Meridian. "Besides, revolution would not begin, do you think, with an act of murder--wars might begin in that way--but with teaching."
"Oh yes, teaching," said Truman, scornfully.
"I would like to teach again," said Meridian. "I respect it, when it's done right. After all, people want to be taught how to live...."
"And do you think you could teach them?"
"I don't know. I imagine good teaching as a circle of earnest people sitting down to ask each other meaningful questions. I don't see it as a handling down of answers. So much of what passes for teaching is merely a pointing out of what items to want."
"Meridian," Truman said. "Do you realize no one is thinking about these things any more? Revolution was the theme of the sixties: Medgar, Malcolm, Martin, George, Angela Davis, the Panthers, people blowing up buildings and each other. But all that is gone now. I am, myself, making a statue of Crispus Attucks for the Bicentennial. We're here to stay: the black and the poor, the Indian, and now all those illegal immigrants from the West Indies who adore America just the way it is."
"Then you think revolution, like everything else in America, was reduced to a fad?"
"Of course," said Truman. "The leaders were killed, the restless young were bought off with anti-poverty jobs, and the clothing styles of the poor were copied by Seventh Avenue. And you know how many middle-class white girls from Brooklyn started wearing kinky hair."
"But don't you think the basic questions raised by King and Malcolm and the rest still exist? Don't you think people, somewhere deep inside, are still attempting to deal with them?"
"No," said Truman.
"Is there no place in a revolution for a person who cannot kill?" asked Meridian, obviously not believing him.
"Why do you drive yourself crazy over these questions?" asked Truman, leaning over her. "When the time comes, trust yourself to do the right thing."
"The 'right' thing? Or merely the thing that will save my life?"
"Don't nitpick."
"No. Don't you see, what you mean is that I should trust myself to do the 'correct' thing. But I've always had trouble telling the 'correct' thing from the 'right' thing. The right thing is never to kill. I will always believe that. The correct thing is to kill when killing is necessary. And it sometimes is, I know that."
She could not help struggling with these question
s. Just as Truman could not help thinking such struggle useless. In the end people did what they had to do to survive. They acquiesced, they rebelled, they sold out, they shot it out, or they simply drifted with the current of the time, whatever it was. And they didn't endanger life and limb agonizing over what they would lose, which was what separated them from Meridian.
It was a small white house, freshly painted by the black community, with green shutters and a green door. It sat on a bank over a dirt street as did all the other houses. The "street" was a road filled with ruts, and on each side were shallow gullies thick with weeds and straggly yellow flowers. From the road the house was almost entirely hidden by a fence made of hog wire that had slowly, over the years, become covered with running vines which revealed themselves each summer to be blue and purple morning glories and orange and yellow honeysuckle, and in the winter there was a green and leafy ivy. The gate, too, was vine-covered and opened with a rusty iron clasp. From the road, only the chimney could be seen, and a ribbon of black roof. The yard sloped down in back to a large ditch that ran the length of the street, which the residents of the area called, with impotent bitterness, "the pool." When it rained, children were forbidden to play outside because the water in the pool could rise silently as a thief until it covered the head of a three-year-old.
But the children loved to play in the pool when the weather was hot and would sneak behind their houses to wade in it. The public white swimming pool, having been ordered, by the federal government, opened to blacks, was closed by city officials who were all rich and white and who had, moreover, their own private swimming pools in their own back yards. There had never been a public swimming pool for blacks, few of whom, consequently, knew how to swim.
Flooding was especially bad in the spring and fall because the heaviest rains came then. But in addition to this, the same city officials who had closed the public swimming pool had erected a huge reservoir very near the lower-lying black neighborhood. When the waters of the reservoir rose from the incessant rains, the excess was allowed to drain off in any direction it would. Since this was done without warning, the disobedient children caught wading in the pool were knocked off their feet and drowned.
Whenever this happened, as it did every year, the people of the community habitually cried and took gifts of fruit and fried chicken to the bereaved family. The men stood about in groups, cursing the mayor and the city commissioner and the board of aldermen, whom they, ironically, never failed to refer to as "the city fathers." The women would sit with the mother of the lost child, recall their own lost children, stare at their cursing husbands--who could not look back at them-- and shake their heads.
It was Meridian who had led them to the mayor's office, bearing in her arms the bloated figure of a five-year-old boy who had been stuck in the sewer for two days before he was raked out with a grappling hook. The child's body was so ravaged, so grotesque, so disgusting to behold, his own mother had taken one look and refused to touch him. To the people who followed Meridian it was as if she carried a large bouquet of long-stemmed roses. The body might have smelled just that sweet, from the serene, set expression on her face. They had followed her into a town meeting over which the white-haired, bespectacled mayor presided, and she had placed the child, whose body was beginning to decompose, beside his gavel. The people had turned with her and followed her out. They had been behind her when, at some distance from the center of town, she had suddenly buckled and fallen to the ground.
When she was up again they came to her and offered her everything, including the promise that they would name the next girl child they had after her. Instead she made them promise they would learn, as their smallest resistance to the murder of their children, to use the vote.
At first the people laughed nervously. "But that's nothing," these people said, who had done nothing before beyond complaining among themselves and continually weeping. "People will laugh at us because that is not radical," they said, choosing to believe radicalism would grow over their souls, like a bright armor, overnight.
There were two rooms. In one, a hot plate, a table and a battered chair (brought by the neighbors when they brought the food and the cow), and in the other, where Meridian slept, only her sleeping bag on the floor, some toilet articles on a windowsill (which Truman had overlooked before) and a jar of dried wildflowers in a green wine bottle placed in a corner. And, of course, the letters.
Truman was always looking for Meridian, even when he didn't know it. He was always finding her, as if she pulled him by an invisible string. But though he always found her, she was never what he expected. This time would not be different.
She would not ride in his new green car. "That's a pretty car," she said, "but I prefer to walk."
"Ten years ago," said Truman, "when your kind of protest was new and still fashionable, we had to walk. Now we can ride. Or is riding in new cars part of what you are protesting?"
"I suppose it is something like that," she said.
"Then why not go all out," he said, "and put rocks in your shoes?"
Camara
SOMETIME AFTER the spring of '68 Meridian began going, irregularly, to church. The first time, a hot Sunday in June, she had stood in the doorway of a store across the street, watching the people arrive. They drove up in shiny cars of green and brown and black, and emerged well dressed, powdered and brushed, hair glistening, handbags of patent leather, the men formal and cool in dark brown, gray or black suits, the women colorful in dresses of bright pink, yellow and pastel blue, with flowers.
She felt a certain panic, watching them. They seemed so unchanged by everything that had happened to them. True, the church was not like the ones of her childhood; it was not shabby or small. It was large, of brick, with stained-glass windows of yellow and brown squares, and no red or blue. An imposing structure; and yet it did not reach for the sky, as cathedrals did, but settled firmly on the ground. She was aware of the intense heat that closed around the church and the people moving slowly, almost grandly up the steps, as if into an ageless photograph. And she, standing across the street, was not part of it. Rather, she sensed herself an outsider, as a single eye behind a camera that was aimed from a corner of her youth, attached now only because she watched. If she were not there watching, the scene would be exactly the same, the "picture" itself never noticing that the camera was missing.
Each Sunday, for several weeks, she chose a different church. Finally, for no reason she was sure of, she found herself in front of a large white church, Baptist (with blue and red in its stained windows, perhaps that was what drew her), and she sucked in her breath and went up the steps and inside. The church was nearly full and an usher--a quiet young boy, strong-limbed but contained in his somber blue suit--showed her to a seat near the entrance. It was unreal to her that people still came, actually got out of bed on Sunday morning and came, to church; and she stared up at them as they passed, her mouth slightly open.
A dark, heavy man with bulging red eyes--eyes sad or mean she could not tell--shuffled by her bench and went up to the pulpit, which drew her attention to the small group of people assembled there. A humble-looking creature in a snuff brown suit brought from behind the altar a large photograph of a slain martyr in the Civil Rights struggle. Two tiny black girls promptly rose and placed tall vases of lilies--white and unblemished (their green stalks waxy and succulent)--on either side.
She stood as the people began to sing a once quite familiar song. But now she could not remember the words; they seemed stuck in some pinched-over groove in her memory. She stared at the people behind the altar, distractedly clutching the back of the bench in front of her. She did not want to find right then whatever it was she was looking for. She had no idea, really, what it was. And yet, she was there. She opened her mouth and attempted to sing, but soon realized it was the melody of the song she remembered, not the words, because these words sounded quite new to her.
The man with the red eyes whispered to the people around him, mopp
ing his face and neck with a handkerchief that showed snowy against his glistening skin. One of the men rose and asked someone to lead them in prayer. The man who came forward did not kneel. He stood straight, his shoulders back, his face stern before the congregation. He said they were glad to have this opportunity to be with one another again. He said they were thankful to be alive and to be, for the most part, healthy, and holding together as a community and as families. He said he was thankful they could count on each other in times of trouble. He said he would not pray any longer because there was a lot of work for the community to do. He sat down.
This prayer was followed by another song that was completely foreign to Meridian, whose words were completely hidden from her by the quite martial melody. It seemed to Meridian that this was done deliberately; in any case, her consciousness was no longer led off after a vain search for words she could not recall, but began instead to slowly merge itself with the triumphant forcefulness of the oddly death-defying music.
"Let the martial songs be written," she found herself quoting Margaret Walker's famous poem; "let the dirges disappear!" She started and looked quickly around her. The people looked exactly as they had ever since she had known black churchgoing people, which was all her life, but they had changed the music! She was shocked.
The minister--in his thirties, dressed in a neat black suit and striped tie of an earlier fashion--spoke in a voice so dramatically like that of Martin Luther King's that at first Meridian thought his intention was to dupe or to mock. She glanced about to see if anyone else showed signs of astonishment or derision. But every face on her bench looked forward stoically, and even the chattering young men across the aisle from her did not seem perturbed. Her first impulse had been to laugh bitterly at the pompous, imitative preacher. But she began, instead, to listen. David and Goliath were briefly mentioned, to illustrate a point. Then the preacher launched into an attack on President Nixon, whom he called "Tricky Dick"! He looked down on the young men in the audience and forbade them to participate in the Vietnam war. He told the young women to stop looking for husbands and try to get something useful in their heads. He told the older congregants that they should be ashamed of the way they let their young children fight their battles for them. He told them they were cowardly and pathetic when they sent their small children alone into white neighborhoods to go to school. He abused the black teachers present who did not, he said, work hard enough to teach black youth because they obviously had no faith in them.