Álvaro bestows on him a benign and infuriating smile. ‘Wherever you have ships you have rats. Wherever you have warehouses you have rats. Where our species flourishes rats flourish too. Rats are intelligent creatures. You might say they are our shadow. Yes, they consume some of the grain we offload. Yes, there is spoilage in the warehouse. But there is spoilage all along the way: in the fields, in the trains, in the ships, in the warehouses, in the bakers’ storerooms. There is no point in getting upset about spoilage. Spoilage is part of life.’
‘Just because spoilage is part of life does not mean we cannot fight against it! Why store grain by the tonne, by the thousands of tonnes, in rat-infested sheds? Why not import just enough for our needs, from one month to the next? And why can’t the whole trans-shipment process be more efficiently organized? Why do we have to use horses and carts when we could use trucks? Why does the grain have to come in bags and be lugged on the backs of men? Why can’t it just be poured into the hold at the other end, and pumped out at this end through a pipe?’
Álvaro reflects at length before he replies. ‘What do you think would become of us all, Simón, if the grain were pumped en masse as you propose? What would become of the horses? What would become of El Rey?’
‘There would no longer be work for us here at the docks,’ he replies. ‘That I concede. But instead we would find jobs assembling pumps or driving trucks. We would all have work, just as before, only it would be a different kind of work, requiring intelligence, not just brute strength.’
‘So you would like to liberate us from a life of bestial labour. You want us to quit the wharves and find some other kind of work, where we would no longer be able to hoist a load onto our shoulders, feeling the ears of grain in the bag shift as they take the shape of our body, hearing their rustle, where we would lose touch with the thing itself—with the food that feeds us and gives us life.
‘Why are we so sure we need to be saved, Simón? Do you think we live the lives of stevedores because we have been found too stupid to do anything else—too stupid to assemble a pump or drive a truck? Of course not. You know us by now. You are our friend, our comrade. We are not stupid. If we had needed to be saved, we would have saved ourselves by now. No, it is not we who are stupid, it is the clever reasoning you rely on that is stupid, that gives you the wrong answers. This is our dock, our wharf—right?’ He glances left and right; the men murmur their approval. ‘There is no place for cleverness here, only for the thing itself.’
He cannot believe his ears. He cannot believe that the person spouting this obscurantist nonsense is his friend Álvaro. And the rest of the crew seems to be marshalled solidly behind him—intelligent young men with whom he every day discusses truth and appearance, right and wrong. If he were not fond of them he would simply walk away—walk away and leave them to their futile labours. But they are his comrades whom he wishes well, whom he owes the duty of trying to convince that they are following the wrong path.
‘Listen to yourself, Álvaro,’ he says. ‘The thing itself. Do you think the thing remains for ever itself, unchanging? No. Everything flows. Did you forget that when you crossed the ocean to come here? The waters of the ocean flow and in flowing they change. You cannot step twice into the same waters. As the fish live in the sea, so we live in time and must change with time. No matter how firmly we may pledge ourselves to follow the venerable traditions of stevedoring, we will in the end be overtaken by change. Change is like the rising tide. You can build barriers, but it will always seep in through the chinks.’
The men have by now closed in to form a half-circle around Álvaro and him. In their bearing he can detect no hostility. On the contrary, he feels he is being quietly urged on, urged to make his best case.
‘I am not trying to save you,’ he says. ‘There is nothing special about me, I claim to be no one’s saviour. Like you I crossed the ocean. Like you I bring no history with me. What history I had I left behind. I am simply a new man in a new land, and that is a good thing. But I have not let go of the idea of history, the idea of change without beginning or end. Ideas cannot be washed out of us, not even by time. Ideas are everywhere. The universe is instinct with them. Without them there would be no universe, for there would be no being.
‘The idea of justice, for instance. We all desire to live under a just dispensation, a dispensation in which honest toil brings due reward; and that is a good desire, good and admirable. But what we are doing here at the docks will not help to bring about that dispensation. What we do here amounts to no more than a pageant of heroic labour. And that pageant depends on an army of rats to keep it going—rats who will work night and day gobbling down these tonnes of grain we unload so as to make space in the shed for more grain. Without the rats the pointlessness of our labour would be laid bare.’ He pauses. The men are silent. ‘Don’t you see that?’ he says. ‘Are you blind?’
Álvaro looks around. ‘The spirit of the agora,’ he says. ‘Who is going to respond to our eloquent friend?’
One of the young stevedores raises a hand. Álvaro nods to him.
‘Our friend invokes the concept of the real in a confusing way,’ says the young man, speaking fluently and confidently, like a star student. ‘To demonstrate his confusion, let us compare history with climate. The climate we live in, we can agree, is greater than we. None of us can ordain what the climate shall be. But it is not the quality of being greater than us that makes climate real. Climate is real because it has real manifestations. Those manifestations include wind and rain. Thus when it rains we get wet; when the wind rises our caps get blown off. Rain and wind are transitory, second-order realities, such as are accessible to our senses. Above them in the hierarchy of the real sits climate.
‘Consider now history. If history, like climate, were a higher reality, then history would have manifestations which we would be able to feel through our senses. But where are these manifestations?’ He looks around. ‘Which of us has ever had his cap blown off by history?’ There is silence. ‘No one. Because history has no manifestations. Because history is not real. Because history is just a made-up story.’
‘To be more accurate’—the speaker is Eugenio, who yesterday wanted to know whether he would prefer to work in an office—‘because history has no manifestations in the present. History is merely a pattern we see in what has passed. It has no power to reach into the present.
‘Our friend Simón says that we should get machines to do our work for us, because history so ordains. But it is not history that tells us to give up honest labour, it is idleness and the lure of idleness. Idleness is real in a way that history is not. We can feel it with our senses. We feel its manifestations each time we lie down on the grass and close our eyes and vow we will never get up again, even when the whistle blows, so sweet is our pleasure. Which of us, loafing on the grass on a sunny day, will say, I can feel history in my bones telling me not to get up? No: it is idleness that we feel in our bones. That is why we have the idiom: He does not have an idle bone in his body.’
As Eugenio has spoken he has grown more and more excited. Perhaps out of fear that he will never stop, his comrades interrupt him with a round of applause. He pauses, and Álvaro grasps the opportunity. ‘I don’t know whether our friend Simón wants to respond,’ he says. ‘Our friend dismissed our labours here as a useless pageant, a remark which some of us may have found hurtful. If the remark were merely unconsidered, if on further reflection he would like to withdraw or amend it, I am sure the gesture would be appreciated.’
His turn. The tide is against him, unmistakably. Does he have the will to resist?
‘Of course I withdraw my thoughtless remark,’ he says, ‘and apologize moreover for any hurt it may have caused. As for history, all I can say is that while today we may refuse to heed it, we cannot refuse for ever. Therefore I have a proposal to make. Let us gather again on this wharf in ten years’ time, or even in five years’ time, and let us see then whether grain is still being unloaded by hand and
being stored in sacks in an open shed for the sustenance of our enemies the rats. My guess is that it will not.’
‘And what if you are proved wrong?’ says Álvaro. ‘If in ten years’ time we are still unloading grain exactly as we do today, will you concede that history is not real?’
‘I will indeed,’ he replies. ‘I will bow my head to the force of the real. I will call it submitting to the verdict of history.’
CHAPTER 15
FOR A while, after his speech against the rats, he finds the atmosphere at work constrained. Though his comrades are as kindly as ever, a hush seems to fall when he is around.
And indeed, as he looks back on his outburst, he flushes with shame. How could he have belittled the work of which his friends are so proud, work in which he is grateful to be allowed to join?
But then gradually things become easier again. During a morning break Eugenio comes up to him proffering a paper bag. ‘Biscuits,’ he says. ‘Take one. Take two. A gift from a neighbour.’ And when he expresses his appreciation (the biscuits are delicious, he can taste ginger in them and perhaps cinnamon too), Eugenio adds, ‘You know, I’ve been thinking about what you said the other day, and maybe you have a point. Why should we feed rats when they do nothing to feed us? There are some people who eat rat, but I certainly don’t. Do you?’
‘No,’ he says. ‘I don’t eat rat either. I much prefer your biscuits.’
At the end of the work day Eugenio returns to the subject. ‘I have been worried that we might have hurt your feelings,’ he says. ‘Believe me, there was no animus. We all feel the utmost goodwill towards you.’
‘I am not hurt at all,’ he replies. ‘We had a philosophical disagreement, that is all.’
‘A philosophical disagreement,’ agrees Eugenio. ‘You live in the East Blocks, don’t you? I’ll walk with you as far as the bus stop.’ So to keep up the fiction that he lives at the Blocks he has to accompany Eugenio to the bus stop.
‘There is a question that has been preoccupying me,’ he remarks to Eugenio as they wait for the number 6 bus. ‘It is entirely non-philosophical. How do you and the other men spend your free time? I know many of you are interested in football, but what about the evenings? You don’t seem to have wives and children. Do you have girlfriends? Do you go to clubs? Álvaro tells me there are clubs one can join.’
Eugenio colours. ‘I don’t know anything about clubs. I go to the Institute, mainly.’
‘Tell me about that. I have heard mention of an Institute, but I have no idea of what goes on there.’
‘The Institute offers classes. It offers lectures, films, discussion groups. You should join up. You would enjoy it. It’s not just for young people, there are lots of older people too, and it’s free. Do you know how to get there?’
‘No.’
‘It’s on New Street, near the big intersection. A tall white building with glass doors. You have probably passed by many times without knowing. Come tomorrow night. You can join our group.’
‘All right.’
As it turns out, the course in which Eugenio is enrolled, along with three other of the stevedores, is on philosophy. He takes a seat in the back row, apart from his comrades, so that he can slip out if he gets bored.
The teacher arrives and silence falls. She is a woman of middle age, rather dowdily dressed, to his eye, with tightly cropped iron-grey hair and no make-up. ‘Good evening,’ she says. ‘Let us resume where we left off last week, and continue our exploration of the table—the table and its close relative the chair. As you will remember, we were discussing the diverse kinds of table that exist in the world, and the diverse kinds of chair. We were asking ourselves what unity lies behind all the diversity, what it is that makes all tables tables, all chairs chairs.’
Quietly he rises and slips out of the room.
The corridor is empty save for a figure in a long white robe hurrying in his direction. As the figure comes nearer he sees it is none other than Ana from the Centre. ‘Ana!’ he calls out. ‘Hello,’ replies Ana—‘sorry, I can’t stop, I’m late.’ But then she does stop. ‘I know you, don’t I? I have forgotten your name.’
‘Simón. We met at the Centre. I had a young boy with me. You kindly gave us shelter on our first night in Novilla.’
‘Of course! How is your son doing?’
The white robe is in fact a white towelling bathrobe; her feet are bare. Strange attire. Is there a swimming pool in the Institute?
She notes his puzzled look and laughs. ‘I’m modelling,’ she says. ‘I do modelling two evenings a week. For a life class.’
‘A life class?’
‘A drawing class. Drawing from life. I am the class model.’ She stretches out her arms as if yawning. The fold of the robe at her throat opens; he catches a glimpse of the breasts he had so admired. ‘You should come along. If you want to learn about the body, there is no better way.’ And then, before he can overcome his confusion: ‘Goodbye—I’m late. Say hello to your son.’
He wanders down the empty corridor. The Institute is larger than he had guessed from outside. From behind a closed door comes music, a woman singing mournfully to the accompaniment of a harp. He pauses before a noticeboard. A long list of courses on offer. Architectural Drawing. Bookkeeping. Calculus. Course after course on Spanish: Beginner’s Spanish (twelve sections), Intermediate Spanish (five sections), Advanced Spanish, Spanish Composition, Spanish Conversation. He should have come here instead of struggling with the language all alone. No Spanish literature that he can see. But perhaps literature falls under Advanced Spanish.
No other language courses. No Portuguese. No Catalan. No Galician. No Basque.
No Esperanto. No Volapük.
He looks for Life Drawing. There it is: Life Drawing, Mondays to Fridays 7 to 9 PM, Saturdays 2 to 4 PM; enrolment per section 12; Section 1 CLOSED, Section 2 CLOSED, Section 3 CLOSED. Clearly a popular course.
Calligraphy. Weaving. Basketwork. Flower Arranging. Pottery. Puppetry.
Philosophy. Elements of Philosophy. Philosophy: Selected Topics. Philosophy of Labour. Philosophy and Everyday Life.
A bell rings to mark the hour. Students emerge into the corridor, first a trickle, then a torrent, not just young folk but people of his age too and older, just as Eugenio said. No wonder the city is like a morgue after dark! Everyone is here at the Institute, improving themself. Everyone is busy becoming a better citizen, a better person. Everyone save he.
A voice hails him. It is Eugenio, waving from out of the human tide. ‘Come! We are going to get something to eat! Come and join us!’
He follows Eugenio down a flight of stairs into a brilliantly lit cafeteria. Already there are long lines of people waiting to be served. He helps himself to a tray, to cutlery. ‘It’s Wednesday, which means it’s noodles,’ says Eugenio. ‘Do you like noodles?’
‘Yes, I do.’
Their turn comes. He holds out a plate and a counter hand slaps a big helping of spaghetti onto it. A second hand adds a dollop of tomato sauce. ‘Take a bread roll as well,’ says Eugenio. ‘In case you need to fill up.’
‘Where do we pay?’
‘We don’t pay. It’s free.’
They find a table and are joined by the other young stevedores.
‘How was your class?’ he asks them. ‘Did you work out what a chair is?’
It is meant as a joke, but the young men stare at him blankly.
‘Don’t you know what a chair is?’ says one of them finally. ‘Look down. You are sitting on one.’ He glances around at his companions. They all burst out laughing.
He tries to join in, to show he is a good sport. ‘I meant,’ he says, ‘did you find out what constitutes…I don’t know how to say it…’
‘Sillicidad,’ offers Eugenio. ‘Your chair’—he gestures towards the chair—‘embodies sillicidad, or partakes of it, or realizes it, as our teacher likes to say. That is how you know it is a chair and not a table.’
‘Or a stool,’ adds his companion. br />
‘Has your teacher ever told you,’ says he, Simón, ‘about the man who, when asked how he knew a chair was a chair, gave the chair in question a kick and said, That, sir, is how I know?’
‘No,’ says Eugenio. ‘But that isn’t how you learn a chair is a chair. That is how you learn it is an object. The object of a kick.’
He is silent. The truth is, he is out of place in this Institute. Philosophizing just makes him impatient. He does not care about chairs and their chairness.
The spaghetti lacks seasoning. The tomato sauce is simply pureed tomatoes, warmed up. He looks around for a salt cellar, but there is none. Nor is there pepper. But at least spaghetti is a change. Better than everlasting bread.
‘So—which courses do you think you will enrol in?’ asks Eugenio.
‘I haven’t decided yet. I had a look at the list. Quite a range of offerings. I thought of Life Drawing, but I see it is full.’
‘So you won’t be joining our class. That’s a pity. The discussion grew more interesting after you left. We talked about infinity and the perils of infinity. What if, beyond the ideal chair, there is a yet more ideal chair, and so forth for ever and ever? But Life Drawing is interesting too. You could take Drawing this semester—ordinary Drawing. Then you would get preference for Life Drawing next semester.’
‘Life Drawing is always very popular,’ explains another of the boys. ‘People want to learn about the body.’
He searches for the irony, but there is none, as there is no salt.
‘If you want to learn about the human body, wouldn’t a course in anatomy be better?’ he asks.
The boy disagrees. ‘Anatomy tells you only about the parts of the body. If you want to learn about the whole you need to take something like Life Drawing or Modelling.’