From a Letter to James A. Wright
   Fall, 1978
   But sometimes what we call “memory” and what we call “imagination” are not so easily distinguished.
   I know Aunt Susuie and Aunt Alice would tell me stories they had told me before but with changes in details or descriptions. The story was the important thing and little changes here and there were really part of the story. There were even stories about the different versions of stories and how they imagined these differing versions came to be.
   I’ve heard tellers begin “The way I heard it was….” and then proceed with another story purportedly a version of a story just told but the story they would tell was a wholly separate story, a new story with an integrity of its own, an offspring, a part of the continuing which storytelling must be. Grandma Lillie was talking recently about years ago when she went out to milk my Great-grandpa Marmon’s cow and the mean old rooster attacked her so she took a big rock and hit it and killed it. I told her that I thought I remembered her saying that the rooster was only stunned, not dead. “No,” she said, “He jumped out of the dark with his claws right at me. Scared me so bad I picked up a big rock and hit him on the head and killed him. I was afraid to tell Grandpa Marmon, poor thing, he was such a nice old man.” The coyotes finally got Rooster too. They’d been prowling near the house for a long time—it must have taken four of them—one to lure away the old black hound and the pup, and the other three to grab the chickens. There was almost no trace that the two little white hens had ever been at the ranch. I had to search a long time before I found even one white feather. But Rooster had put up a terrible fight and four piles of his dark green and black feathers were in front of the house. Coyotes waste nothing. There were no traces of blood, no remains at all, just the feathers. Later that afternoon the wind blew dust and a few drops of rain. The feathers scattered down the hillside catching in weeds under the creosote bushes and palo verde trees. There was nothing to bury; it was as if Rooster had just disappeared.
   There have been other times when he disappeared and I searched everywhere for him—under the big jojoba bush he liked, on the screened porch and around by the windmill. One afternoon I even searched for him on horseback because I was certain he was nowhere near the house. Much later that day he simply reappeared. Last summer I was in the kitchen talking with Denny when suddenly I felt we were not alone—a strange feeling for the ranch which is miles from town. We checked the front door and the other rooms. Finally I went to the kitchen window. The rooster was standing motionless below the window screen listening to us. I saw by the fierceness of his little yellow eyes it was deliberate.
   It’s been weeks now, but this morning I went out and there was a single feather by the door. It is glossy and lies smooth; its colors are vivid—emerald green flecked with gold.
   Coyotes and the Stro’ro’ka Dancers
   Long ago
   near the Acoma mesa
   there was another mesa
   with very precipitous walls.
   A lone coyote appeared
   on the mesa top.
   Down below in the valley
   there was a group
   of ceremonial dancers
   the Stro’ro’ka Ka’tsinas
   who were holding a dance.
   And he was thrilled
   with the sight
   and he said
   “My! Look down below!
   Those dancers have beautiful costumes
   they have brought wonderful things
   to eat—
   melons and squashes!”
   Things that the Lagunas,
   the Keres people,
   have always had as food
   from way back traditional
   in the traditional state
   and
   “How could one get
   all that food?”
   So he said
   “I think I’ll call
   my clanspeople
   the Coyote Clan.”
   So he got to the very edge
   and he gave this cry,
   this signal:
   “Ama doo roo a roo!”
   Which in coyote language
   meant “to come”
   and one coyote appeared
   and he says
   to this one
   “Look down below
   and see the wonder!
   Look at all that food
   the Stro’ro’kas have brought
   to give away
   if one could only get at them.”
   So the first coyote
   was thrilled
   and he says
   “How can we get down there?
   The cliff is high and precipitous.”
   So he said
   “We’ll call some others.”
   So the first one
   again made a call:
   “Ama doo roo a roo!”
   and two more came.
   And he said
   to the two
   who had just arrived
   “Look down below!
   Look what a sight there is!
   All the food
   the Stro’ro’ka dancers
   have brought!
   And how can we get
   down there?”
   So he said
   “I believe I’ll call—
   give another call.”
   And so he did.
   He said
   “Ama doo roo a roo!”
   and a whole bunch of them
   came—of coyotes.
   The first one
   said to them
   “Look down below!
   Look what a beautiful sight!
   All the food
   the Stro’ro’kas
   and their ceremonial dance
   have brought.”
   and
   “How shall we get down there?
   So he said
   “I think I have an idea.
   We know that the cliff
   is high
   and there’s no other way
   to get down there,
   so I have
   an idea.”
   He says
   “I think
   if we just hang down
   some way—”
   He says
   “If we just bite
   one another’s tail
   and in that way
   we’ll go down
   in a long string.”
   So the first one said
   “All right
   if you’ll just bite my tail
   I’ll lead.”
   And so the second one
   bit the leader’s tail
   and he hung over the cliff.
   Do you see the picture?
   Yes, they hung over the cliff
   and so the third one
   bit the second one’s tail
   and the string got
   a little bit longer
   and it was over the cliff now
   and so on
   until there was
   a whole group
   of the coyotes now
   hung down the cliff
   until one—
   the middle one—
   the one in the middle said
   “Oh! I smell a bad odor
   from some source,”
   he said.
   And he opened his mouth
   and the rest said
   “So do I!”
   They let one another go
   and the whole bunch
   flopped down
   in a big heap
   in the valley below.
   And the Stro’ro’ka dancers
   down below
   stopped dancing
   and ran to the heap
   of dead coyotes
   glad because
   they wanted the skins
   of the coyotes
   to wear around their necks.
   And they all grabbed—
   the Stro’ro’ka dancers grabbed
   the dead coyotes
 &nbs 
					     					 			p; and said
   “This one is going to be mine!”
   and “This is going to be
   my neck piece.”
   And they gathered
   the coyotes
   and took them.
   And tradition says that they—
   the Stro’ro’ka Dancers
   the mesita people
   are the only ones
   who dance that now
   they wear that costume—
   the coyote skin neckpiece—
   because of long ago.
   When the Indian Public Health Service
   laid sewer line in the village
   the outhouses started disappearing
   from the hill next to the church
   and from down below by the corrals.
   Everyone is happy to quit hauling water in buckets
   and everyone enjoys taking showers
   so no one discusses this openly.
   But I think people are beginning to realize now
   the advantages the old outdoor toilets had
   especially when pipes freeze in the winter
   or the sewer clogs up.
   With the outside toilets
   you could get away by yourself
   for an hour or so
   at night you could tell everyone
   you were going out to the toilet
   and have an hour or two that way.
   Many interesting things used to develop.
   There are only a few outhouses remaining now
   but last year at Laguna Feast
   a girl from Encinal was slightly injured.
   She had locked herself in one of the old wooden toilets
   down by Scotts’ pigpen
   and she was arguing through the door
   with five or six of her boyfriends.
   Finally they pushed the toilet down the hill
   with her still inside.
   The Laguna guys claim it was the Navajos
   and the Navajos claim it was the Lagunas who did it.
   The girl received a slight scalp wound
   as the toilet rolled over.
   “Well she should have held onto the hole!”
   Sandy said when she heard the story,
   “She should have held onto the edge of that hole real tight.”
   Toe’osh: A Laguna Coyote Story
   for Simon Ortiz, July 1973
   In the wintertime
   at night
   we tell coyote stories
   and drink Spañada by the stove.
   How coyote got his
   ratty old fur coat
   bits of old fur
   the sparrows stuck on him
   with dabs of pitch.
   That was after he lost his proud original one in a poker game.
   anyhow, things like that
   are always happening to him,
   that’s what he said, anyway.
   And it happened to him at Laguna
   and Chinle
   and Lukachukai too, because coyote got too smart for his own good.
   But the Navajos say he won a contest once.
   It was to see who could sleep out in a
   snowstorm the longest
   and coyote waited until chipmunk badger and skunk were all
   curled up under the snow
   and then he uncovered himself and slept all night
   inside
   and before morning he got up and went out again
   and waited until the others got up before he came
   in to take the prize.
   Some white men came to Acoma and Laguna a hundred years ago
   and they fought over Acoma land and Laguna women, and even now
   some of their descendants are howling in
   the hills southeast of Laguna.
   Charlie Coyote wanted to be governor
   and he said that when he got elected
   he would run the other men off
   the reservation
   and keep all the women for himself.
   One year
   the politicians got fancy
   at Laguna.
   They went door to door with hams and turkeys
   and they gave them to anyone who promised
   to vote for them.
   On election day all the people
   stayed home and ate turkey
   and laughed.
   The Trans-Western pipeline vice president came
   to discuss right-of-way.
   The Lagunas let him wait all day long
   because he is a busy and important man.
   And late in the afternoon they told him
   to come back again tomorrow.
   They were after the picnic food
   that the special dancers left
   down below the cliff.
   And Toe’osh and his cousins hung themselves
   down over the cliff
   holding each other’s tail in their mouth making a coyote chain
   until someone in the middle farted
   and the guy behind him opened his
   mouth to say “What stinks?” and they
   all went tumbling down, like that.
   Howling and roaring
   Toe’osh scattered white people
   out of bars all over Wisconsin.
   He bumped into them at the door
   until they said
   “Excuse me”
   And the way Simon meant it
   was for 300 or maybe 400 years.
   Around Laguna Fiesta time
   tribal police from everywhere show up: Isleta, Acoma, Zuni,
   Navajo Police and of course the Laguna Police invite the
   State Police and the B.I.A. Police.
   I even saw a few county sheriffs this year.
   Anyway, this accounts for all the sirens.
   It happened at the trashpile
   over by the wooden bridge across the river
   where you can’t be seen from the road.
   Some Navajo guys had planned it very carefully.
   They hid their liquor supply in the trash pile
   and then went up to the village
   for the dances and food stands and carnival.
   They would sneak back down to the trash pile for a drink
   whenever they wanted.
   They were having a wonderful time
   until someone noticed them going back and forth
   always coming back happier than they went down.
   Nobody comes to Laguna Feast
   without a six pack and a bottle
   but liquor here is still illegal.
   Nobody ever pays any attention to the law.
   You just pay attention to not getting caught.
   They don’t usually arrest you
   but they take the cold beer away from you
   and the worst part is
   you know they’ll drink it.
   So when the guys saw all these tribal police cars—
   it seemed like every tribe sent a police car—
   these guys knew Fiesta was coming to an end for them.
   But part of the fiesta spirit
   has always been
   if not for wine at the trash pile
   then for a fight with the cops.
   It was a shoving and pushing fight:
   the guys shoving the cops away from their liquor
   the cops pushing the guys into the paddy wagons.
   But carefully
   because the tribal police know what the people are saying:
   It is all these police
   that have ruined Laguna Feast—
   not the State Fair going on at the same time.
   It is because of these police
   the Navajos don’t show up anymore
   like they once did
   covering the foothills east and north of Laguna
   with their campfires.
   Skeleton Fixer
   What happened here?
   she asked
   Some kind of accident?
   Words like bone 
					     					 			s
   scattered all over the place….
   Old Man Badger traveled
   from place to place
   searching for skeleton bones.
   There was something
   only he could do with them.
   On the smooth sand
   Old Man Badger started laying out the bones.
   It was a great puzzle for him.
   He started with the toes
   He loved their curve
   like a new moon,
   like a white whisker hair.
   Without thinking
   he knew their direction,
   laying each toe bone
   to walk east.
   “I know,
   it must have been this way.
   Yes,”
   he talked to himself as he worked.
   He strung the spine bones
   as beautiful as any shell necklace.
   The leg bones were running
   so fast
   dust from the ankle joints
   surrounded the wind.
   “Oh poor dear one who left your bones here
   I wonder who you are?”
   Old Skeleton Fixer spoke to the bones
   Because things don’t die
   they fall to pieces maybe,
   get scattered or separate,
   but Old Badger Man can tell
   how they once fit together.
   Though he didn’t recognize the bones
   he could not stop;
   he loved them anyway.
   He took great care with the ribs
   marveling at the structure
   which had contained the lungs and heart.
   Skeleton Fixer had never heard of
   such things as souls.
   He was certain
   only of bones.
   But where a heart once beat
   there was only sand.
   “Oh I will find you one—
   somewhere around here!”
   And a yellow butterfly
   flew up from the grass at his feet.
   “Ah! I know how your breath left you—
   Like butterflies over an edge,
   not falling but fluttering
   their wings rainbow colors—
   Wherever they are
   your heart will be.”
   He worked all day
   He was so careful with this one—
   it felt like the most special of all.
   Old Man Badger didn’t stop