3 narrow seas i.e. the English Channel
4 amain speedily
5 giddy unstable, fickle, excitable
8 suffered tolerated, permitted (to burn)
11 son son-in-law
17 wondrous extraordinarily
20 girt in with surrounded by
21 Dian Diana, Roman goddess of the moon, hunting, and chastity; often portrayed with her attendant virginal nymphs
22 rest remain
23 stand not do not wait
25 Hector the eldest son of Priam, King of Troy, Hector was one of the great warriors of the Trojan war 26 truth faith, loyalty
27 Well-minded loyal, virtuous, well-intentioned
28 Comfort be encouraged
29 thus Oxford probably also kisses Henry's hand
31 at once together happy propitious, fortunate 36 encounter fight and defeat
37 doubt fear
38 meed merit, virtue
39 their demands the various requests and appeals of the people 40 posted off postponed suits pleas, petitions 45 subsidies taxes
46 forward of eager for
48 graces challenge grace virtues claim respect and favor 52 shame-faced timid, shy, modest
54 fount spring, source
56 ebb waning, reducing
58 bend direct
59 peremptory imperious, overbearing
61 mars ruins
61 hay i.e. yield, harvest
62 betimes quickly
Act 5 Scene 1
5.1 Location: the city walls of Coventry
3 this this time, now
3 Dunsmore between Coventry and Daventry
6 Daintry Daventry
6 puissant powerful
7 son son-in-law
9 Southam town about ten miles southeast of Coventry
12 here in this direction
16 parle parley, a trumpet summons for negotiation between opposing sides, during which fighting was to stop 17 surly imperious, arrogant
18 unbid unwelcome
18 sportful lecherous
20 repair approach
25 draw withdraw
27 patron protector
32 earl lower in rank than a duke
36 Atlas ... weight in classical mythology, the giant Atlas carried the earth on his shoulders 42 forecast forethought, prudence/anticipated
43 single ten a mere ten-point card, valuable but less so than a royal card 44 fingered stolen
47 even exactly
47 are Warwick still i.e. will always be yourself, and doubtless will not change your attitude/remain in position, and have the chance to change your attitude 48 time opportunity
49 Nay, when? expression of impatience
49 Strike ... cools proverbial: "strike while the iron is hot" (Warwick shifts the sense of strike to "lower one's sail in submission") 57 Wind-changing i.e. changeable, fickle Colours military flagbearers 61 set ... backs attack our rearguard forces 62 array readiness for combat
63 bid challenge
64 of small defence poorly fortified
65 rouse draw out (from a lair; a hunting term)
66 want need
68 buy pay for
70 harder matched greater the enemy
71 presageth foretells
71 happy fortunate
73 Two ... name Edmund, second Duke of Somerset, killed at the 1455 battle of St. Albans (his head appears in Act 1 Scene 1), and his son Henry, third duke, beheaded in 1464 for his Lancastrian sympathies 78 to right for justice
79 nature natural instinct
81 Father father-in-law
83 ruinate ruin
84 lime stick, join
85 trowest thou do you think
86 blunt rough, ignorant
87 bend aim, direct
89 object bring up, urge as an objection
91 Jephthah ... daughter biblical character who vowed that if the Israelites defeated the Ammonites in battle he would sacrifice the first thing he saw on his return home, little realizing that it would mean having to kill his own daughter (Judges 11) 92 trespass wrong, crime
96 abroad i.e. outside Coventry
99 blushing i.e. in shame
102 unconstant changeable, disloyal
106 passing surpassing, extreme
109 cooped protectively enclosed
110 Barnet town about ten miles north of London (seventy-five miles southeast of Coventry, but Shakespeare has compressed various historical events for dramatic purposes; the action between this and the next scene is virtually continuous) 110 presently immediately
Act 5 Scene 2
5.2 Location: the battlefield, near Barnet, ten miles north of London
2 bug imaginary terror, bogeyman
2 feared frightened
3 sit fast be on guard, secure yourself
4 That so that
11 cedar the tallest of evergreen trees was a popular symbol of sovereignty, like the eagle and the lion
12 arms branches
13 ramping rearing fiercely onto its hind legs
14 overpeered peered over/lorded over, outranked
14 Jove's spreading tree the oak, the tree associated with the Roman king of the gods 18 search seek out, discern/probe
22 bent his brow frowned
24 parks private hunting grounds
24 walks pathways of garden or park
27 pomp splendor, luxury
31 puissant power powerful army
35 with ... awhile i.e. kiss me; at death the soul was thought to escape through the mouth 45 mought might
Act 5 Scene 3
5.3 triumph a display of victorious celebration 8 Gallia France
14 valued estimated to be
16 breathe rest, gather her strength
18 advertised informed
19 Tewkesbury town in Gloucestershire
21 rids way makes the journey seem shorter
Act 5 Scene 4
5.4 Location: near Tewkesbury, in Gloucestershire
2 cheerly cheerfully, optimistically
4 holding-anchor i.e. anchor, used to secure a ship by holding fast to the bottom of the sea 5 flood sea
6 pilot captain, i.e. Henry meet right, fitting 10 in his moan as he laments
11 industry hard work
15 tackles rigging
18 shrouds ropes that brace and support the mast
19 Ned i.e. Edward, Henry and Margaret's son
20 charge responsibility
21 from leave
23 shelves sandbanks
27 ragged jagged, uneven
28 bark ship
31 Bestride sit upon, straddle
41 magnanimity greatness of spirit
42 naked unarmed
42 foil ... arms defeat an armed man in combat
45 betimes at once
50 Women and children i.e. Margaret and Edward 52 grandfather i.e. Henry V
59 his i.e. Edward's
59 that yet who as yet
62 policy stratagem, cunning
63 unprovided unprepared
65 forwardness eagerness, readiness
66 pitch our battle set up, deploy our army
71 wot know
71 blaze burn with zeal, excitement
74 gainsay contradict
77 state sovereignty
80 spoil destruction, pillage
Act 5 Scene 5
1 a period an end
1 broils turmoil, confused fighting
2 Hames now Ham, a town on the River Somme near Calais
2 straight immediately
6 stoop submit
8 Jerusalem i.e. heaven
9 who whoever
10 he i.e. Edward
11 lo look
12 gallant fine young man (usually applied to a fashionable man about town) 14 satisfaction amends, atonement
19 chair throne
24 breech breeches, trousers
25 Aesop the Greek writer of moral fables concerning animals was a slave and reputedly hunchbacked 25 fable tell tal
es
26 currish snarling, contemptible, cynical/about animals 26 sorts not are not in keeping
29 scold verbally abusive woman
31 charm subdue, silence with a charm
32 malapert impudent
35 Dick possibly plays on the sense of "penis"
38 likeness image
38 railer abusive ranter (i.e. Margaret)
39 Sprawl'st thou? Do you thrash, writhe around?
40 twitting taunting/rebuking
42 Marry, and shall I shall, by the Virgin Mary
42 Offers attempts
48 be sure expect
55 by ... it there to compare with it 56 respect comparison
62 untimely prematurely
63 have no cannot possibly have
64 remorse pity
66 Look expect
67 rid killed
68 perforce forcibly
69 dispatch kill
70 Here i.e. in my body
72 ease comfort, release
75 usest are accustomed
75 forswear thyself perjure yourself, break your word 78 Hard-favoured ugly
79 alms-deed act of charity
80 put'st back rejected, turned away
82 So come to may the same happen to
86 sudden swift, impulsive
87 common sort ordinary soldiers
Act 5 Scene 6
5.6 Location: the Tower of London
1 book probably prayer book or Bible
3 better i.e. than flattery
5 preposterous an inversion of the natural order
6 Sirrah sir (used to an inferior)
7 reckless negligent, careless
10 Roscius famous first-century Roman actor
11 Suspicion apprehension of something evil
13 limed trapped with birdlime, a sticky substance spread on branches to snare birds 14 misdoubteth suspects, fears
15 male father
15 bird offspring
16 fatal deadly/fateful
16 object ... eye sight, scene in my mind's eye/thing, person before me (or, conceivably, Gloucester has already drawn the weapon Henry goes on to refer to) 17 Where in which/by whom
18 peevish foolish, childish
19 fool ... fowl Icarus and his father, Daedalus, tried to escape imprisonment in Crete using wings Daedalus had made out of feathers and wax; Icarus flew too close to the sun, the wax melted and he fell to his death 19 office function, role
20 fool continues the punning on fowl
22 Minos the King of Crete, who imprisoned Daedalus and Icarus
22 course departure
23 sun likened here to Edward, the sun alludes to the Yorkist emblem 25 envious malicious, evil
25 gulf whirlpool/voracious depths
27 brook endure, take
28 history story
38 mistrust ... fear apprehend, suspect no part of what I fear (will happen) 40 water-standing filled, flooded with tears
42 timeless untimely, premature
45 night-crow literary name for a bird whose nighttime croak was an evil omen 45 aboding forewarning
47 rooked her cowered, huddled (perhaps with play on "rook," a type of bird) 48 pies magpies (also thought to be bad luck)
48 dismal ominous, sinister
49 pain labor pains
51 To wit that is to say
51 indigested shapeless
53 Teeth ... born this was considered abnormal and ominous 58 ordained destined
63 weeps i.e. drips blood
64 purple blood-colored
64 alway always
69 that ... of what Henry said about me/what Henry said to me 71 came ... forward i.e. was a breech birth, where the baby is born feet first 74 wondered was amazed
79 answer correspond to
81 greybeards wise old men
82 like who resemble
84 light the crown (an image drawn from the Yorkist sun) 85 sort arrange/set
85 pitchy black as pitch (a tarlike substance)
86 buzz abroad spread rumors in the world
86 prophecies omens, forewarnings
87 of for
91 bad worthless, contemptible
93 doom judgment, i.e. your death
Act 5 Scene 7
5.7 Location: the royal court, London
4 in tops at the height
6 hardy bold, resolute
6 undoubted unquestionable/fearless
6 champions warriors, men of valor
7 as namely
9 coursers powerful horses used in war
10 bears refers to Warwick's family emblem, a bear chained to a ragged staff 11 in with
11 fettered shackled
13 suspicion apprehension, anxiety
13 seat throne
17 watched kept watch, remained awake throughout
18 all afoot on foot, as soldiers/all over the place
21 blast blight, wither
21 head plays the sense of "head of wheat"
21 laid cut off (maintains the crop image)
22 looked on held in high regard
23 thick sturdy (referring to his hunched back)
25 Work devise (addressed to himself)
25 that i.e. his shoulder
25 execute carry it out (with grim play on the sense of "put to death") 30 brother i.e. brother-in-law
31 that because
31 tree i.e. the family of York, his own stock 33 Judas ... master Judas famously kissed Christ and betrayed him 34 whenas although
39 Reynard ... Jerusalem Margaret's father, Reignier, was the titular King of Sicily, Naples (the Sicils), and Jerusalem; spelling "Reynard" may imply the craft of a fox 40 it i.e. the money raised
41 waft convey by sea
43 triumphs public processions celebrating victory
45 sour annoy bitter trouble
William Shakespeare, Henry VI (Parts I, II and III) (Signet Classics)
(Series: # )
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