4 John the Baptist.

  5 Satan.

  6 Gen. iii. 15: “And I will put enmity between thee [the serpent] and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head.…”

  7 holds.

  8 unknowing.

  9 attendance.

  10 Gabriel, angel of comfort, heralded the coming of the Messiah (Dan. viii. 23–25, ix. 25–27), and made the annunciation to Mary (Luke i. 26–38).

  11 The first principles of the Son’s warfare constitute faith and obedience, to which are later added works (see PL XII, 427); these counter, respectively, the “two main arms” of Satan’s warfare, Sin and Death.

  12 regarded with wonder.

  13 See Luke ii. 25–38.

  14 reflected upon.

  15 Rev. xxii. 16: “I am … the bright and morning star.”

  16 snake.

  17 Exod. xxiv. 18.

  18 1 Kings xix. 8.

  19 always alert (literally, “not closing its eyes”).

  20 1 Kings xxii. 19–23.

  21 attentive.

  22 referring to 1 Kings xxii. 6: “Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, about four hundred men.”

  23 In “Food-Word Imagery in PR,” English Literary History, XXVIII (1961), 225–43, Lee S. Cox shows that this metaphoric development marks a new stage of temptation in each book. The poem defines the nature of the Word Incarnate and, as here, the nature of Satan’s word.

  24 presiding, occupying authoritative position.

  25 submissive.

  26 Though pressed by the king of Moab, Balaam could not curse the Israelites, for the Lord had imposed on him the words to speak (Num. xxiii).

  BOOK II

  Mean while the new-baptiz’d, who yet remain’d

  At Jordan with the Baptist, and had seen

  Him whom they heard so late expresly call’d

  Jesus Messiah, Son of God declar’d,

  5

  And on that high Authority had believ’d,

  And with him talkt, and with him lodg’d, I mean

  Andrew and Simon, famous after known

  With others though in Holy Writ not nam’d,

  Now missing him thir joy so lately found,

  10

  So lately found, and so abruptly gone,

  Began to doubt, and doubted many days,

  And as the days increas’d, increas’d thir doubt:

  Sometimes they thought he might be only shewn,

  And for a time caught up to God, as once

  15

  Moses was in the Mount, and missing long;

  And the great Thisbite1 who on fiery wheels

  Rode up to Heav’n, yet once again to come.

  Therefore as those young Prophets then with care

  Sought lost Eliah, so in each place these

  20

  Nigh to Bethabara; in Jerico

  The City of Palms, Ænon, and Salem Old,

  Machærus and each Town or City wall’d

  On this side the broad lake Genezaret,

  Or in Perea, but return’d in vain.

  25

  Then on the bank of Jordan, by a Creek:

  Where winds with Reeds, and Osiers whisp’ring play

  Plain Fishermen, no greater men them call,

  Close in a Cottage low together got

  Thir unexpected loss and plaints out breath’d.

  30

  Alas, from what high hope to what relapse

  Unlook’d for are we fall’n, our eyes beheld

  Messiah certainly now come, so long

  Expected of our Fathers; we have heard

  His words, his wisdom full of grace and truth,

  35

  Now, now, for sure, deliverance is at hand,

  The Kingdom shall to Israel be restor’d:

  Thus we rejoyc’d, but soon our joy is turn’d

  Into perplexity and new amaze:

  For whither is he gone, what accident

  40

  Hath rapt him from us? will he now retire

  After appearance, and again prolong

  Our expectation? God of Israel,

  Send thy Messiah forth, the time is come;

  Behold the Kings of th’ Earth how they oppress

  45

  Thy chosen, to what highth thir pow’r unjust

  They have exalted, and behind them cast

  All fear of thee, arise and vindicate

  Thy Glory, free thy people from thir yoke,

  But let us wait; thus far he hath perform’d,

  50

  Sent his Anointed, and to us reveal’d him,

  By his great Prophet, pointed at and shown,

  In publick, and with him we have convers’d;

  Let us be glad of this, and all our fears

  Lay on his Providence; he will not fail

  55

  Nor will withdraw him now, nor will recall,

  Mock us with his blest sight, then snatch him hence,

  Soon we shall see our hope, our joy return.

  Thus they out of their plaints new hope resume

  To find whom at the first they found unsought:

  60

  But to his Mother Mary, when she saw

  Others return’d from Baptism, not her Son,

  Nor left at Jordan, tidings of him none;

  Within her brest, though calm; her brest though pure,

  Motherly cares and fears got head, and rais’d

  65

  Some troubl’d thoughts, which she in sighs thus clad.

  O what avails me now that honour high

  To have conceiv’d of God, or that salute,2

  Hail highly favour’d, among women blest;

  While I to sorrows am no less advanc’t,

  70

  And fears as eminent, above the lot

  Of other women, by the birth I bore,

  In such a season born when scarce a Shed

  Could be obtain’d to shelter him or me

  From the bleak air; a Stable was our warmth,

  75

  A Manger his, yet soon enforc’t to fly

  Thence into Egypt, till the Murd’rous King3

  Were dead, who sought his life, and missing fill’d

  With Infant blood the streets of Bethlehem;

  From Egypt home return’d, in Nazareth

  80

  Hath been our dwelling many years, his life

  Private, unactive, calm, contemplative,

  Little suspicious t’ any King; but now

  Full grown to Man, acknowledg’d, as I hear,

  By John the Baptist, and in publick shown,

  85

  Son own’d from Heav’n by his Father’s voice;

  I look’t for some great change; to Honour? no,

  But trouble, as old Simeon plain fore-told,4

  That to the fall and rising he should be

  Of many in Israel, and to a sign

  90

  Spoken against, that through my very Soul

  A sword shall pierce, this is my favour’d lot,

  My Exaltation to Afflictions high;

  Afflicted I may be, it seems, and blest;

  I will not argue that, nor will repine.

  95

  But where delays he now? some great intent

  Conceals him: when twelve years he scarce had seen,

  I lost him, but so found, as well I saw

  He could not lose himself; but went about

  His Father’s business;5 what he meant I mus’d,

  100

  Since understand; much more his absence now

  Thus long to some great purpose he obscures.

  But I to wait with patience am inur’d;

  My heart hath been a store-house long of things

  And sayings laid up, portending strange events.

  105

  Thus Mary pondering oft, and oft to mind

  Recalling what remarkably had pass’d

  Since first her Salu
tation heard, with thoughts

  Meekly compos’d awaited the fulfilling:

  The while her Son tracing the Desert wild,

  110

  Sole but with holiest Meditations fed,

  Into himself descended, and at once

  All his great work to come before him set;

  How to begin, how to accomplish best

  His end of being on Earth, and mission high:

  115

  For Satan with sly preface to return

  Had left him vacant, and with speed was gon

  Up to the middle Region of thick Air,

  Where all his Potentates in Council sate;

  There without sign of boast, or sign of joy,

  120

  Sollicitous and blank6 he thus began.

  Princes, Heav’ns antient Sons, Æthereal Thrones,

  Demonian Spirits now, from the Element

  Each of his reign allotted, rightlier call’d,

  Powers of Fire, Air, Water, and Earth beneath,

  125

  So may we hold our place and these mild seats

  Without new trouble; such an Enemy

  Is ris’n to invade us, who no less

  Threat’ns then our expulsion down to Hell;

  I, as I undertook, and with the vote

  130

  Consenting in full frequence7 was impower’d,

  Have found him, view’d him, tasted8 him, but find

  Far other labour to be undergon

  Then when I dealt with Adam first of Men,

  Though Adam by his Wives allurement fell,

  135

  However to this Man inferior far,

  If he be Man by Mothers side at least,

  With more then human gifts from Heav’n adorn’d,

  Perfections absolute, Graces divine,

  And amplitude of mind to greatest Deeds.

  140

  Therefore I am return’d, lest confidence

  Of my success with Eve in Paradise

  Deceive ye to perswasion over-sure

  Of like succeeding here; I summon all

  Rather to be in readiness, with hand

  145

  Or counsel to assist; lest I who erst

  Thought none my equal, now be over-match’d.

  So spake th’ old Serpent doubting, and from all

  With clamour was assur’d thir utmost aid

  At his command; when from amidst them rose

  150

  Belial9 the dissolutest Spirit that fell,

  The sensuallest, and after Asmodai10

  The fleshliest Incubus,11 and thus advis’d.

  Set women in his eye and in his walk,

  Among daughters of men the fairest found;

  155

  Many are in each Region passing fair

  As the noon Skie; more like to Goddesses

  Then Mortal Creatures, graceful and discreet,

  Expert in amorous Arts, enchanting tongues

  Perswasive, Virgin majesty with mild

  160

  And sweet allay’d, yet terrible to approach,

  Skill’d to retire, and in retiring draw

  Hearts after them tangl’d in Amorous Nets.

  Such object hath the power to soft’n and tame

  Severest temper,12 smooth the rugged’st brow,

  165

  Enerve, and with voluptuous hope dissolve,

  Draw out with credulous desire, and lead

  At will the manliest, resolutest brest,

  As the Magnetic13 hardest Iron draws.

  Women, when nothing else, beguil’d the heart

  170

  Of wisest Solomon, and made him build,

  And made him bow to the Gods of his Wives.14

  To whom quick answer Satan thus return’d.

  Belial, in much uneven scale thou weigh’st

  All others by thy self; because of old

  175

  Thou thy self doat’st on womankind, admiring

  Thir shape, thir colour, and attractive grace,

  None are, thou think’st, but taken with such toys.

  Before the Flood thou with thy lusty Crew,

  False titl’d Sons of God, roaming the Earth

  180

  Cast wanton eyes on the daughters of men,

  And coupl’d with them, and begot a race.

  Have we not seen, or by relation heard,

  In Courts and Regal Chambers how thou lurk’st,

  In Wood or Grove by mossie Fountain side,

  185

  In Valley or Green Meadow to way-lay

  Some beauty rare, Calisto, Clymene,

  Daphne, or Semele, Antiopa,

  Or Amymone, Syrinx, many more

  Too long, then lay’st thy scapes on names ador’d,

  190

  Apollo, Neptune, Jupiter, or Pan,

  Satyr, or Faun, or Silvan? But these haunts

  Delight not all; among the Sons of Men,

  How many have with a smile made small account

  Of beauty and her lures, easily scorn’d

  195

  All her assaults, on worthier things intent?

  Remember that Pellean Conquerour,15

  A youth, how all the Beauties of the East

  He slightly view’d, and slightly over-pass’d;

  How hee sirnam’d of Africa16 dismiss’d

  200

  In his prime youth the fair Iberian maid.

  For Solomon he liv’d at ease, and full

  Of honour, wealth, high fare, aim’d not beyond

  Higher design then to enjoy his State;

  Thence to the bait of Women lay expos’d;

  205

  But he whom we attempt is wiser far

  Then Solomon, of more exalted mind,

  Made and set wholly on th’ accomplishment

  Of greatest things; what woman will you find,

  Though of this Age the wonder and the fame,

  210

  On whom his leisure will vouchsafe an eye

  Of fond desire? or should she confident,

  As sitting Queen ador’d on Beauties Throne,

  Descend with all her winning charms begirt

  T’ enamour, as the Zone17 of Venus once

  215

  Wrought that effect on Jove, so Fables tell;

  How would one look from his Majestick brow

  Seated as on the top of Vertues hill,18

  Discount’nance her despis’d, and put to rout

  All her array; her female pride deject,

  220

  Or turn to reverent awe? for Beauty stands

  In th’ admiration only of weak minds

  Led captive; cease t’ admire, and all her Plumes

  Fall flat and shrink into a trivial toy,

  At every sudden slighting quite abasht:

  225

  Therefore with manlier objects we must try

  His constancy, with such as have more shew

  Of worth, of honour, glory, and popular praise;

  Rocks whereon greatest men have oftest wreck’d;

  Or that which only seems to satisfie

  230

  Lawful desires of Nature, not beyond;

  And now I know he hungers where no food

  Is to be found, in the wide Wilderness;

  The rest commit to me, I shall let pass

  No advantage, and his strength as oft assay.

  235

  He ceas’d, and heard thir grant in loud acclaim;

  Then forthwith to him takes a chosen band

  Of Spirits likest to himself in guile

  To be at hand, and at his beck appear,

  If cause were to unfold some active Scene

  240

  Of various persons each to know his part;

  Then to the Desert takes with these his flight;

  Where still from shade to shade the Son of God

  After forty days fasting had remain’d,

  Now hungr
ing first, and to himself thus said.

  245

  Where will this end? four times ten days I have pass’d

  Wandring this woody maze, and human food

  Nor tasted, nor had appetite; that Fast

  To Vertue I impute not, or count part

  Of what I suffer here; if Nature need not,

  250

  Or God support Nature without repast

  Though needing, what praise is it to endure?

  But now I feel I hunger, which declares,

  Nature hath need of what she asks; yet God

  Can satisfie that need some other way,

  255

  Though hunger still remain: so it remain

  Without this bodies wasting, I content me,

  And from the sting of Famine fear no harm,

  Nor mind it, fed with better thoughts that feed

  Mee hungring more to do my Fathers will.

  260

  It was the hour of night, when thus the Son

  Commun’d in silent walk, then laid him down

  Under the hospitable covert nigh

  Of Trees thick interwoven; there he slept,

  And dream’d, as appetite is wont to dream,

  265

  Of meats and drinks, Natures refreshment sweet;

  Him thought,19 he by the Brook of Cherith stood

  And saw the Ravens with their horny beaks

  Food to Elijah bringing Even and Morn,

  Though ravenous, taught t’ abstain from what they brought:

  270

  He saw the Prophet also how he fled

  Into the Desert, and how there he slept

  Under a Juniper; then how awak’t,

  He found his Supper on the coals prepar’d,

  And by the Angel was bid rise and eat,

  275

  And eat the second time after repose,

  The strength whereof suffic’d him forty days;

  Sometimes that with Elijah he partook,

  Or as a guest with Daniel at his pulse.20

  Thus wore out night, and now the Herald Lark

  280

  Left his ground-nest, high towring to descry

  The morns approach, and greet her with his Song: