ENDNOTES
[Footnote 1: "All the foreign merchants who resided at Bruges, with theexception of a few Spaniards, established themselves here about the year1516, to the great disadvantage of Bruges and to the advantage ofAntwerp."--Le Guicciardini, _Description of the Low Countries_. Arnhem,1617, p. 113.]
[Footnote 2: C. Schibanius, in his _Origines Antwerpien Sum_, says that hehas often seen in the Scheldt twenty-five hundred vessels, many of whichwere detained at anchor for two or three weeks before being able toapproach the wharf.]
[Footnote 3: The stables, and coach-houses used by this company fortransportation still exist at Antwerp. Although they are now occupied asbarracks, they preserve their original name--_Hessenhaus_.]
[Footnote 4: See the statistics of population given by Schibanius in the_History of Antwerp_, by Mertens & Torfo, Part IV., ch. v.]
[Footnote 5: The inhabitants of Antwerp are experienced and skilled incommercial affairs, and although they may not have left their own countrythe greater part of them, even the women, can speak four, five, andsometimes seven different languages.]
[Footnote 6: "The nobles of Netherlands do not engage in commerce like theItalian noblemen from Venice, Florence, Genoa, and Lucca."--L.Guiccardini, _Description of the Low Countries_, p. 140.]
[Footnote 7: "Two well-known Italian merchants, both of noble birth,natives of Lucca, who were great friends." Van Mertens, _History of theLow Countries_, Vol. I.]
[Footnote 8: The bailiff (schoat) was the representative of the prince inthe prosecution of crimes. He alone, and his agents by his orders, couldmake arrests, except in cases of flagrant crime or of persons lying inwait. This high functionary was also called the _margrave_, because themargrave of the Low Countries was, in virtue of that office, the bailiffof the city of Antwerp.]
[Footnote 9: "It is estimated that three thousand new houses were eithererected by himself, or by others through his assistance."--Mertens &Torfo, _History of Antwerp_.]
[Footnote 10: This church was demolished at the commencement of thiscentury. The spot upon which it stood is now called the "_Plain of SaintWalburga_."]
[Footnote 11: In the _History of Antwerp_, by Mertens & Torfo, Part IV.,chapter iii., is found a view of the city, from the banks of the Scheldt,as it was in 1556, and details concerning the principal edifices.]
[Footnote 12: "Geronimo went to Simon and demanded payment of the sumlent, and for which he held a note. Turchi made various excuses, and putoff payment from day to day."--_Matteo Bandello._]
[Footnote 13: "A fierce desire of vengeance took possession of Simon, andhe sought to kill Geronimo."--_Matieo Bandello._]
[Footnote 14: A measure of four pints.]
[Footnote 15: "One night, when passing through the streets, he receivedfrom the hands of an enemy an ugly wound in the face. He suspectedGeronimo of having inflicted it; in which he was mistaken, for the authorof the attack was afterwards discovered."--_Matteo Bandello_.]
[Footnote 16: "After Simon Turchi had determined to revenge himself, andafter long consideration, he ordered a large wooden arm-chair, to whichwere attached two iron bars, so arranged that whoever should sit down init would be caught by the legs below the knees, and would be unable tomove."--Van Meteren, _History of the Low Countries_.]
[Footnote 17: "Geronimo, a merchant from Lyons desires to see you, but ashe does not wish to be known at Antwerp now, he is concealed in my garden.He begs that you will meet him there."--_Matteo Bandello_.]
[Footnote 18: "This chair being made, he told one of his servants, namedJulio, who was proscribed in Italy, and under sentence of death."--VanMeteren, _History of the Low Countries_.]
[Footnote 19: "And the said Julio pushed Geronimo into a large arm-chair,which sprang and closed."--_Origin and Genealogy of the Dukes andDuchesses of Brabant_. Antwerp, 1565; p. 308.]
[Footnote 20: "In the cellar ... in a grave which had been prepared by thesaid Julio to bury Geronimo after the commission of the murder."--_Originand Genealogy of the Dukes and Duchesses of Brabant_.]
[Footnote 21: _Order and Proclamation of Messire Van Schoonhoven, bailiff,and of the Burgomaster, Constables, and Council of the city of Antwerp_:
"It having come to the knowledge of the bailiff, burgomaster, andconstables of this city that Geronimo Deodati, a merchant of Lucca, wentout yesterday afternoon, about four o'clock, from his residence in thiscity, near the Convent of the Dominicans, and that he was seen for thelast time beyond the Square of Meir, and since then he has not been heardof, and we know not what has become of him, so that there is greatsuspicion that the said Geronimo has been maltreated, or even put todeath; therefore, the magistrates of the same city do proclaim that he whofirst will give information as to what has become of the said Geronimo,will receive the sum of three hundred florins."--_Extract from the "Bookof Laws of the City of Antwerp_."]
[Footnote 22: "The bailiff said that the magistrates had determined tosearch all the stables, cellars, and gardens, to discover whether theground in any of these places had been recently dug."--E. Van Meteren,_History of the Low Countries_.]
[Footnote 23: "Simon Turchi was known to be a perverse and immoral man; ina word, he was a compound of every vice and every evilinclination."--_Matteo Bandello_.]
[Footnote 24: "Go and do what I have commanded you. Disinter the body,take it on your shoulders and cast it into the sewer which is in thesquare where the three streets meet."--_Simon Turchi_.--_MatteoBandello_.]
[Footnote 25: "I will send Bernardo to help you, and I will order him toobey you, whatever you may command. When you have thrown the body into thesewer, you can, by a quick movement, push Bernardo in also. The sewer isdeep, and whoever falls into it is immediately drowned."--_MatteoBandello_.]
[Footnote 26: "Simon Turchi begged Julio to take the crime uponhimself."--Van Meteren, _History of the Low Countries_.]
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