Joann Wiley O’Connell (1930–): Called Jody. Joe O’Connell’s wife; five children.

  Richard Palmquist (1922–2005): Called Dick. Worked for the Chancery of the St. Cloud Diocese; later owned insurance agency.

  Mary Pluth Palmquist (1927–): Called Mary Jean. Richard Palmquist’s wife; teacher; six children.

  Fredric Petters (1926–): Called Fred. Owned a fabric and fur shop in St. Cloud; later worked at the Liturgical Press at St. John’s.

  Rosemary Boyle Petters (1925–): Called Romy, Rome (only by JFP). Fred Petters’s wife; potter; seven children.

  Other Friends and Correspondents

  George Barnett: Called Barnhart by JFP. Friend; was at Sandstone with him.

  Jack Conroy (1898–1990): Proletarian writer, best known for his 1933 novel, The Disinherited. Good friend.

  Father Harvey F. X. Egan (1915–2006): Called Mon pere, Detachismus. Ordained in 1941; JFP’s great benefactor, dispenser of frequent loans.

  Sister Mariella Gable, OSB (1898–1985): BWP’s college teacher; editor of collections of Catholic fiction; critic. Introduced JFP to BWP.

  Father George G. Garrelts (1918–2003): JFP’s classmate at Quincy College Academy; close friend; ordained, 1942. Was a Detacher in early years; later president of the Newman Clubs of America. Left the priesthood in 1970 and got married.

  John Haskins (ca. 1918–1977): Called Hask. Classmate at Quincy College Academy; best man at JFP’s wedding; became music critic for the Washington Evening Star and The Kansas City Star.

  John Howe (1913–1997): Called Jack. Draftsman for Frank Lloyd Wright; JFP met him at Sandstone Federal Penitentiary.

  Richard Keefe (ca. 1917–1980): Called Dick. Close friend; JFP’s classmate at Quincy College Academy; expelled from the seminary for “worldliness”; became dean of St. Louis University and host of a TV show.

  Ted LeBerthon (ca. 1893–1960): Journalist and columnist; reported on racial inequality, migrant workers, from 1930s on; associated with The Catholic Worker; JFP’s roommate in St. Paul in 1945.

  Robert Lowell (1917–1977): Called Cal. Poet; JFP met him at Yaddo, 1947; took road trip together in 1947.

  John Marshall: Called Marsh by JFP. JFP met him at Sandstone Federal Penitentiary; became a physician.

  Michael Millgate (1929–): British biographer, editor, critic, teacher; teaching fellow at Ann Arbor, 1956, when Jim met him.

  Seán Ó Faoláin (1900–1991): Irish short-story writer; extremely helpful in practical ways and as a friend in Ireland from 1952 on.

  Katherine Anne Porter (1890–1980): Short-story writer and novelist; championed JFP’s work.

  J. Kerker Quinn (1911–1969): Editor at Accent magazine; accepted JFP’s first short story and a number of subsequent ones.

  Theodore Roethke (1908–1963): Called Beast; Champ by JFP. Poet; JFP met him at Yaddo in 1947.

  Charles Shattuck (1910–1992): Called Chuck. Married to Suzie; editor at Accent magazine and professor of English at the University of Illinois at Urbana; Shakespearean scholar; was extremely influential in editing Jim’s work.

  Harry Sylvester (1908–1993): Short-story writer and novelist; attended JFP’s wedding; an informal rivalry existed between him and JFP for position of top American Catholic writer; later rejected the Church.

  Evelyn Waugh (1903–1966): English writer and novelist; championed JFP’s work.

  Harvey C. Webster (1906–1988): Called Clocker by JFP. Professor of English at the University of Louisville; JFP met him at Yaddo; a frequent companion at the Saratoga Springs racetrack.

  Gordon Zahn (1918–2007): Sociologist and writer; conscientious objector during the war; critic of the Catholic Church’s position on war; best known for In Solitary Witness: The Life and Death of Franz Jägerstätter (1964).

  Source Notes

  Letters

  To Jack Conroy: Jack Conroy Papers, Roger and Julie Baskes Department of Special Collections, Newberry Library, Chicago

  To Father Harvey Egan: Powers family collection

  To Sister Mariella Gable: Sisters of the Order of Saint Benedict Archives, St. Joseph, Minnesota

  To George Garrelts: Powers family collection

  To Charlotte and Bill Kraft: Powers family collection

  To Robert Lowell: Robert Lowell Papers, MS Am 1905, Houghton Library, Harvard University

  To John Marshall: Mrs. John Marshall collection

  To Ken McCormick: Powers family collection

  To Michael Millgate: Michael Millgate collection

  To “the Movement” (Doyle, Humphrey, O’Connell, Palmquist, Petters): Collections of the families

  To Katherine Anne Porter: Special Collections, University of Maryland

  To Betty Wahl Powers: Powers family collection

  To Kerker Quinn and Charles Shattuck: University of Illinois Archives: Charles H. Shattuck Papers, 15/7/39; J. Kerker Quinn Papers, 15/7/30; George Scouffas Papers, 15/7/38

  To Wahl and Strobel: Powers family collection

  To Evelyn Waugh: Alexander Waugh collection

  Other

  J. F. Powers’s and Betty Wahl Powers’s journals: Powers family collection

  Milwaukee Journal questionnaire typescript: Powers family collection

  Illustrations

  Frontispiece: Drawing by Joseph O’Connell for Morte D’Urban: Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  Powers family collection

  page 27: Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis Archives

  Photograph by J. F. Powers: Powers family collection

  Minneapolis Star Tribune

  Minneapolis Star Tribune

  Photograph by J. F. Powers: Powers family collection

  Drawing by Jody O’Connell: Powers family collection

  Photograph by Russell Roe: Powers family collection

  Photograph by Lee Hanley: Powers family collection

  Humphrey family collection

  Photograph by Lee Hanley: Powers family collection

  J. F. Powers’s montage for writing Morte D’Urban: Powers family collection

  Photograph by Donald Black: Minneapolis Star Tribune

  Photograph by Herb Snitzer: Powers family collection

  O’Connell family collection

  Doyle family collection

  Petters family collection

  Saint John’s University Archives, Collegeville, Minnesota

  Palmquist family collection

  Acknowledgments

  The greatest thanks for this book belong to the late Fr. Harvey Egan, who not only preserved over a half century’s worth of Jim’s letters, but also provided him with an exceptionally congenial correspondent. Great thanks, too, belong to those members of the Movement, Jim’s good friends, living and dead, who did the same: Leonard and Betty Doyle, Don and Mary Humphrey, Joe and Jody O’Connell, Dick and Mary Pluth Palmquist, Fred and Romy Petters. Beyond their number, I thank Jim’s other friends and correspondents, whose letters gave him such pleasure and who, in return, didn’t throw his letters away.

  I am most thankful for the valuable assistance of one sort or another given to me by Daniel Aaron, Mike Aquili
na, Rich Arpi, Robert Barros, Michael Bitzan, Pat Bitzan, the late Tom Brown, Christopher Carduff, Chris Cotton, Justin Doyle, Katherine Doyle, Kevin Doyle, Rosemary Hugo Fielding, Rachel Humphrey Fischer, Roland Fischer, Anita Fore, Susannah Humphrey, the late Sister Nancy Hynes, OSB, X. J. Kennedy, Elizabeth Knuth, Jim Kraft, Sister Mary Kraft, CSJ, Hilary Bracken McGhee, Mrs. John Marshall, Michael Millgate, Cassandra Nelson, Jody O’Connell, Mary Pluth Palmquist, Catherine Petters, James A. Powers, Julianne O’Connell Restani, Peggy Roske, David Scott, Susan Stepka, Bob Tholkes, John Thorn, Michael True, Nicole Luthman Turnbull, Alexander Waugh, and Sister Mariterese Woida, OSB.

  I also thank my agent, Andrew Blauner, and editor, Sean McDonald.

  Much more than thanks belongs to my sister Jane and my brothers, Boz and Hugh; to my sons, Hugh and Thomas Blaisdell; and to my particular friend, Bob Groves.

  Index

  The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

  Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations.

  Aaron, Daniel; Writers on the Left

  Abbey Press

  Accent (magazine)

  Adelphi College

  Albany, New York

  Albuquerque, New Mexico

  Aldington, Richard

  Alfrink, Card. Bernardus Johannes

  Algonquin Hotel, New York

  Algren, Nelson; Who Lost an American?

  Allen, Walter

  Alonzo, Russ

  Alston, Walter

  Alvin Theatre, Minneapolis

  America (magazine)

  America, SS

  American Academy of Arts and Letters

  American Forces Radio

  American Indians

  Ames, Elizabeth

  Ann Arbor, Michigan

  Anthony, St.

  Anvil, The

  Archer, Chub

  Arden, Elizabeth

  Ard na Fairrge; lack of central heating

  Arlington Handicap

  Armed Forces Radio

  Army, United States

  aspergillum

  Atlantic Monthly

  atomic bomb

  Augustine, St.

  Avon, Minnesota

  Avon Commercial Club

  Bader, A. L.

  Baius, Michael

  Bak, Bronislaw (Bruno)

  Bak, Hedi (Hetty)

  Baldwin, James

  Bandas, Fr. Rudolph G.

  Barcelona

  Barkley, Alben W.

  Barnett, George

  Barrett, O’Connor

  Bartholome, Mrs.

  Bartholome, Bp. Peter W.

  baseball

  basketball

  Baudelaire, Charles

  BBC

  Beardsley, Minnesota

  Beaverbrook, Lord

  Beckett, Samuel, Waiting for Godot

  bees

  Belfast

  Bellow, Saul; Seize the Day

  Benedictines

  Bennington College

  Benvenisti, J. L.

  Berlin, Irving

  Berra, Yogi

  Berryman, John

  Best Sellers

  Big Spunk Lake, Avon, Minnesota

  bingo

  birth control

  Bitzan, Donald J.

  Bitzan, Michael

  Bitzan, Patricia Wahl

  Blackfoot Indians

  Blades, Ray

  “Blondie-Dagwood myth”

  Bloomington, Indiana

  Blue Books

  “Blue Island,”

  Bonn, Fr. John Louis

  Bontemps, Arna

  Book of Kells

  Books and Brent (radio show)

  Boston

  Boston College

  Boston Herald, The

  Boswell, James, Life of Samuel Johnson

  Bowen, Elizabeth

  boxing

  Boxing Day

  Bradley, Van Allen

  Brady, William Otterwell Ignatius

  Brent, Stuart

  Brentano’s

  Breuer, Marcel

  Brewster, Massachusetts

  Britannic (ship)

  British Columbia

  Brooklyn Dodgers

  Brown, Curtis

  Browning, Elizabeth Barrett

  Browning, Robert

  Brown University

  Bruce Publishing

  burlesque

  Busch, Joseph F.

  Caedmon, Fr., see Wahl, Fr. Thomas Peter

  Caesar, Sid

  Caliri, Fortunata

  Camus, Albert

  Canada

  Cape Cod

  Capote, Truman

  Carr, Mr.

  Carrington V. C. (film)

  cars

  Casey, Fr. Marion G.

  Catechetical Guild

  Catholic Action

  Catholic Action News

  Catholic Church ; in Ireland and ; JFP’s views on. See also specific reform movements

  Catholic Digest

  Catholic Herald

  Catholic Messenger, The

  Catholic rural life movement

  Catholic Times, The

  Catholic Worker, The

  Catholic Worker movement

  Catholic World

  CBS

  Century Transportation Company

  Chaucer, Geoffrey

  Chesterton, G. K.

  Chevrolet

  Chez Show (radio show)

  Chicago and ; 1944 Democratic National Convention

  Chicago Daily News

  Chicago Sun-Times

  Chicago Tribune

  Children’s Mass Book, The

  China

  Christian Family Movement

  Christmas

  Churchill, Randolph

  Church of the Sacred Heart, Robbinsdale

  CIA

  Clark Bars

  Claudel, Paul

  Clement, Frank G.

  Cobh, Ireland

  College of St. Benedict

  Collegeville, Minnesota

  Collier’s

  Colonel Blimp (film)

  Colorado

  Colum, Padraic; Our Friend James Joyce

  Columbia (magazine)

  Columbia University

  Commonweal, The

  Communism

  Como Park, St. Paul

  Conrad, Joseph; Heart of Darkness

  Conroy, Jack; The Disinherited and ; JFP’s letters to

  Continental League

  Cook County Jail

  cooking

  Coppard, A. E.

  Cork, Ireland

  Cotton, Carlos

  Cotton, Mary Katherine Finegan

  “A Couple of Nights Before Christmas,”

  Cowley, Fr. Leonard P.

  Cowley, Malcolm, The Portable Faulkner

  Craine, Clyde

  Creighton University

  Critic (magazine)

  Critics (radio show)

  Crocker, Betty

  Crosby, Bing

  Cross Section

  Cuba

  cummings, e. e.

  Cusack, Cyril

  Daily Telegraph, The

  Dalkey, Ireland

  Dante

  D’Arcy, Fr. Martin

  Davenport, Iowa

  Davies, Rhys, “A Visit to Eggeswick Castle”

  Davison, Davy

  Day, Dorothy

  “Defection of a Favorite,”

  Democratic National Convention (1944)

  Democratic Party (United States)

  Detachment movement

  Detroit, Michigan

  Deutsch, Alcuin

  Dever, Joe; No Lasting Home

  “The Devil Was the Joker,”

  Dickens, Charles

  Dickens, Monica

  Diekmann, Fr. Godfrey

  Digg
les, Joe

  Dodson, Owen

  dogs

  Domino, Ruth

  Domrese, Walter J.

  Dos Passos, John

  Doubleday

  Downs, Hugh

  Doyle, Elizabeth Anne Finegan; JFP’s letters to

  Doyle, Leonard J. and; JFP’s letters to

  Dryden, John

  Dublin

  Dulles, John Foster

  Dumfries

  Dunphy, Fr.

  Dupas, Ralph

  Dwyer, Jack

  Earley, Sister Eugene Marie

  Ecclesiastical Directory

  Edel, Leon

  Edinburgh

  Edwards, Phil

  Egan, Fr. Harvey F. X.; JFP’s letters to

  Egan, Madge

  Egypt

  Eisenhower, Dwight D.

  El Greco

  Eliot, T. S.; The Rock

  Elmira, New York

  El Paso, Texas

  England

  Esquire

  Evans, Bergen

  Evening Mail, The

  Falque, Fr. Ferdinand C.

  Family Rosary Crusade

  Fandel’s

  Farina, Fr. Louis

  Farrar, Straus and Giroux

  Faulkner, William and ; “A Rose for Emily”; “Spotted Horses”

  FBI

  Federal Writers’ Project

  Fehrenbacher, Fr. Henry

  Fennelly, Fr. John

  Fiedler, Leslie

  Fielding, Rosemary Hugo

  Fifield, William

  Fighting Flanagan Brothers

  films

  fish

  Fitts, Dudley

  Fitzgerald, Barry

  Fitzgerald, F. Scott; The Crack-Up; The Great Gatsby; Tender Is the Night; This Side of Paradise

  Fitzgerald, Robert

  Flanagan, Del

  Flanagan, Glen

  Flaubert, Gustave

  Florida

  food

  football

  Ford, John

  Ford Foundation

  France

  Frazier, George

  Freebooter

  Freeman, Orville

  Freemasons

  Fremantle, Anne

  Freud, Sigmund

  Frost, Robert

  Fuller, Buckminster

  Gable, Sister Mariella, OSB and ; JFP’s letters to

  Gadd, Sam

  Galashiels, Scotland

  Gallery of Living Catholic Authors

  gambling

  Garrelts, Fr. George G.; influence on JFP; JFP’s letters to

  Gavilan, Kid

  Germany

  Giardello, Joey

  Gibbings, Robert, Lovely Is the Lee

  Gill, Eric

  Giotto

  Glasgow

  Gleason, Jackie

  Gogarty, Oliver St. John

  Going My Way (TV series)