29 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 191.
30 Greville p. 51.
31 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 191.
32 Gronow p. 247.
33 Greville pp. 51—2.
34 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 199.
35 Ibid., p. 201.
36 Ibid.
37 Gurwood op. cit., p. 918.
38 Ibid., p. 927.
39 Cooper op. cit., p. 14.
40 Greville p. 65.
41 Ibid., pp. 76–7.
42 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 224.
43 Guedalla op. cit., p. 391.
44 Greville p. 80.
45 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 245.
46 Ibid., p. 257.
47 Ibid., p. 267.
48 Gleig p. 363.
49 Sweetman p. 99.
50 Greville p. 102.
51 Kenneth O. Morgan (ed) The Oxford Illustrated History of Britain (Oxford 1992) p. 441.
52 Guedalla p. 407.
53 Ibid., p. 409.
54 Greville p. 107.
55 Guedalla op. cit., p. 419.
56 Ibid., p. 425.
57 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 313.
58 Guedalla p. 427.
59 Greville p. 139.
60 Sweetman op. cit., p. 116.
61 Ibid., p. 120.
62 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 363.
63 Lady Longford suggests that this may well be apocryphal, but it is worth including ‘for its distillation of the Wellingtonian spirit’. (Longford Pillar p. 390.)
64 Guedalla op. cit., p. 433.
VII ENVOI
1 Gleig op. cit., p. 457.
2 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 402.
3 Gleig p. 459.
4 Greville p. 239.
5 Guedalla op. cit., p. 462.
6 Ibid.
7 Sweetman op. cit., p. 150.
8 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 400.
9 Greville p. 237–8.
10 Gleig pp. 495–6.
11 Ibid., p. 493.
12 Greville p. 239.
13 Gleig op. cit., p. 483.
14 Longford Pillar op. cit., p. 409.
15 Gleig op. cit., p. 492.
16 Ibid., pp. 485–6.
17 Ibid., p. 489.
18 Greville p. 237.
INDEX
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Abercromby, Major General Sir Ralph 30–1
Aberdeen, Earl of 251, 283, 299
Adam’s brigade 245, 249
Ahmednuggur, siege of (1803) 73–4
Alava, General Miguel de 166, 175, 192, 194, 265–6, 267
Albemarle, Lord 290
Albert, Prince Consort 298, 299
Wellington to 293
Albuera, battle of (1811) 151–3, 154
Alexander I, Tsar 20, 100, 208, 221
Almeida fortress (1810) 146, 148, 149, 153
Alten, Lt General Sir Charles 191, 209, 210, 231, 246
American War of 1812 199, 206
American War of Independence 9–10, 11, 23
Angers: Royal Academy of Equitation 19
Anglesey, Marquess of see Uxbridge, Lord
Angoulême, Duc d’ 190–1, 198
Angoulême, Duchesse d’ 204
Apsley House, London 20, 84, 271–2, 283, 285, 287, 288, 300
Arbuthnot, Charles 271, 301
Arbuthnot, Harriet 271, 288
Wellington to 96, 261–2, 263, 267, 277, 280
Argaum, battle of (1803) 82, 87
Armytage, John 9
Ashton, Colonel Henry Harvey 46, 47
Assaye campaign (1803) xviii, 15–16, 72, 73–5, 76, 77–82, 86, 87
Aurungabad 71, 74
Aylmer, Lord 177
Badajoz: siege of (1811) 151–3, 152, 154
storming of (1812) 115, 158–63
Baird, Major General David 51, 53, 59, 61–2, 66–7
Barnes, Adjutant-General Sir Edward 211
Barrington, Sir Jonah 84
Bassein, Treaty of 68–9, 70–1
Bathurst, Lord 158
Wellington to 168–9, 185, 186, 191, 201, 250
Bayonne, siege of (1814) 192
Beaufort, 7th Duke of (formerly Marquess of Worcester) 180, 251
Beckerman (orderly) 181, 301
Beethoven, Ludwig van 187
Bentham, Jeremy 276
Berar, Rajah of 68, 71, 82
Beresford, Lt General Sir William 95, 131, 148, 151–3, 164
Wellington to 184
Berri, Duc de 216
Berthier, Marshal 219
Bessborough, Lady 204
Bevan, Lt Colonel xvii, 150
Blake, George 71
Blake (Spanish army commander) 151
Bligh, Helena 283
Blücher, Marshal Gebhard von 212, 252
relationship with Wellington 212, 214, 215
Waterloo campaign 216–17, 218, 223, 226, 229, 230, 233, 237, 238, 247, 249, 254
Blunt, Rev. Mr 40–1
Bock, Major General von 268
Boigne, Comtesse 198
Bombay 37, 38
Bonaparte, Betsy (née Patterson) 266
Bonaparte, Prince Jerome 239, 266
Bonaparte, Joseph: as King of Spain 104, 105, 134, 140, 163, 185, 187
Bonnet, General 167
Borghese, Princess Pauline 203, 204
Bowles, Captain George 228, 233
Bragge, Captain William 184–5
Brazen, HMS 120
Brennier, Major General 149–50
Brinjarries 47, 52, 75
Briscall, Chaplain Samuel 181
Bristol riots (1831) 285, 286
British Army 9–10, 13–15, 16–19, 28–9, 31–2, 209–10, 213, 214–15
battalions: 33rd 232
48th 139, 140–1
69th 232
73rd 232
Divisions: 1st 232
3rd 155, 159, 160, 161, 165, 166, 181, 186, 209, 223, 230, 231
4th 151, 159, 162, 181
5th 159, 161
6th 167
7th 148
Light 155, 157, 159, 162
Regiments: 1st Foot Guards 189, 232
3rd (Old Buffs) 137
4th xv
7th Fusiliers 154, 161
8th 30
10th Hussars 233
12th 46, 58, 62
15th Light Dragoons 187
16th Light Dragoons 171
18th Hussars 200
20th Light Dragoons 116–17
23rd Light Dragoons 140
27th 246
29th 112, 153–4
31st 29
33rd 17, 28, 30–1, 32, 33–4, 40–1, 44, 46–7, 49, 51–3, 56–7, 60–1, 62, 84
36th 117, 118
42nd Highlanders 231
43rd Light Infantry 138
44th 30, 45th 145, 146, 161
50th 114, 120
52nd 249
56th 29
57th 27, 151–2
71st 149
73rd 62, 243
74th 78–80
78th Highlanders 73, 78, 80–1
79th Highlanders 149, 171
88th (Connaught Rangers) xiv–xv, 27, 149
92nd Highlanders 27, 231, 232, 233
94th 160, 95th 13, 112, 113, 116, 156, 159, 161, 252
Brooke, Alan 182
Brougham, Henry 260
Browne, Captain Thomas Henry 176, 177, 182–3, 187
Bruce, Michael 204
Brunswick, Duke of 211, 231
Buckingham, Lady 22
Buckingham, Lord 21, 24
Bülow, General von 237
Burghersh, Lord 180
Burgos 186
siege of (1812) xvi, 170–3, 184
Burrard, Sir Harry 109, 113, 117, 118, 119–20, 125
Burrows, Assistant Surgeon George 172
Busaco, ba
ttle of (1810) 146, 148
Byron, George Gordon, Lord 264
Childe Harold 123
Cádiz 185
Caesar, Julius: Commentaries 302
Calcutta 37, 38, 40, 41, 42
Cambacérès: Wellington to 175–6
Camden, Lord 33
Cameron, Lt Colonel John, of Fassiefern 232
Campbell, Major General Alexander: Wellington to 150
Campbell, Captain 211
Campbell, Colin 20, 73, 78
Campbell’s brigade 138–9
Canning, George 100, 106, 143, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268–9
death 269
cannon 15
‘Captain Swing’ 283
Carlyle, Thomas 303
Caroline of Brunswick, Queen 259–60, 261
Castaños (Spanish army commander) 151
Castlereagh, Lord 91, 108–9, 119, 158, 206
and Convention of Cintra 123
duel with Canning 143
madness and suicide 263–4
and Wellington 91–2, 94, 100, 198
Wellington to 107, 121, 122, 125, 132, 135, 141, 208
Catallani, Madame 209
Cathcart, Lt General Lord 100, 101, 119
Catholic Association 273, 276
Cato Street Conspiracy (1820) 10, 259
Cauvery rivers 53, 54
Chandler, David 220
Charles II, of England 5
Charles IV, of Spain 103–4
Charles X, of France 20, 281
Charlotte, Queen 96
Chartist demonstrations 291, 292
Cintra, Convention of (1808) 121, 122, 122–3
enquiry into 123–4, 125
Ciudad Rodrigo 146, 148, 154, 163, 183–4
storming of (1812) xv, 155–7, 290
Clarke, General Sir Alured 48, 68
Clarke, Mary Anne 126
Clarkson, Thomas 205
Clausel, General 167, 170, 185, 198
Clausewitz, Karl von 217, 300
Clinton, Sir Henry: Division 209, 210, 221
Clive, Lord Robert 38, 44–5
Close, Lt Colonel Barry 46, 47, 61, 62, 69
Wellington to 65, 69
Coburg, Prince of 30
Cocks, Major the Hon Edward Somers 170–1
Codrington, Admiral Sir Edward 270
Coimbra, Portugal 147
Colborne, Colonel Sir John (later Field Marshal Lord Seaton) 191, 200, 249, 298–9
Cole, Colonel the Hon Galbraith Lowry 95, 151, 175, 181, 183, 221
Collins, Colonel John 70, 71, 73, 74
Colville 209, 210
Coningham, Lady 261
Constant-Rebecq, Major General 227
Cooper, Duff 203
Cooper, Private John Spencer 154, 161, 199, 280
Copenhagen (Wellington’s horse) 101–2, 238, 250, 271
Copenhagen, siege of (1807) 100–1, 119
Corn Laws 215, 272, 292
Cornwallis, Lord 42, 45, 51, 84
Corrigan, Gordon: Wellington: A Military Life xix
Coruña, La, battle of (1809) 124, 129
Costello, Sergeant Edward 161, 252
Cotton, Admiral Sir Charles 108
Cotton, Lt General Sir Stapleton (later Lord Combermere) 139, 167, 211
Cradock, Sir John 84, 125, 130
Crane, Tom 183
Craufurd, Major General Robert 144, 146, 148, 155, 156–7
Creevey, Thomas 175, 215, 251
Wellington to 259
Crocodile, HMS 107–8
Croker, John Wilson 22, 106, 271, 300
Wellington to xvi, 61–2, 97, 106–7, 268, 288
Cromwell, Oliver 5
Cuesta, Don Gregorio de la 132–3, 134–6
Cumberland, Duke of 278, 280–1
Dalrymple, Sir Hew 109, 118–19, 120, 121, 124
Dangan Castle, County Meath 6, 7, 10, 24
Danish expedition (1807) 100–1, 102, 103
Danvers, Charles 38–9
Delaborde, General 112, 113
De Lancey, Lady Madeleine 223
De Lancey, Colonel Sir William 211, 216, 222, 223, 229, 238, 248
d’Erlon, General 147, 240, 241
Dhoondiah Waugh 64–5, 118
Dickson (Royal Artillery commander) 179, 180
Diomed (Wellington’s horse) 47, 53, 78, 80
Disraeli, Benjamin 289–90, 299
Donegal, HMS 107
Donnellan, Lt Colonel Charles 139
Dörnberg, Major General Sir William 219, 226
Douro, Arthur Richard Wellesley, Lord 98, 202, 262, 266, 267, 278, 297–8
Douro, Lady 291, 297, 301
Drewe, Lieutenant 238
Dublin 7, 22, 98, 102, 124–5
Dulong, Major 131
Dundas, General Sir David 123
Dungannon, Lady 8, 21
Durrani, Ahmad Shah 68
Duthilt, Captain 241–2
Dyas, Ensign 27, 154
East India Company 37–8, 42, 64, 67, 68–9
Edgeworth, Maria 96
Elers, Captain George 58, 67, 86, 201
Ellenborough, Lord 272
Enniskillen, Lord: Wellington to 125
Erskine, Lt General Sir William 150, 169
España, General Don Carlos de 157, 168
Eton College 8
executions 10–11
Falmouth, Lord 275
Ferdinand, King of Spain 187, 198–9, 265
Ferrers, Earl 11
Ferrey 167
Filoze, Colonel Baptiste 71
Fingall, Lord: Wellington to 99
Fitz William (Indiaman) 44
Fitzgerald, Lord Edward 26
Fitzgerald, Lieutenant 57
Fitzgerald, Vesey 273
Fitzherbert, Maria 280, 290
Fletcher, Ian: Galloping at Everything 164, 174
Fletcher, Colonel Richard 158, 179, 180
Wellington to 142, 143
flintlock muskets 13–14
Fortescue, Sir John 28, 29, 209–10
Fox, Charles James 94, 98
Foy, General Maximilien 146, 168, 205, 239
Francis, Sir Philip 38
Franco, General Francisco 162
Frederick William III, of Prussia 20
Freese, Captain John William 86
Freire, Major General Bernadino 109, 112
French Revolution 22, 300
Freneida, Spain 173, 175, 177, 184
Frere, John Hookham: Wellington to 133, 141
Fuentes de Oñoro, battle of (1811) xvii, 131, 141, 148–50, 153, 154, 170
Gaikwar of Baroda 68
Garth, Thomas 280–1
Gawilghur, storming of (1803) 82
Gazan, Madame 187
Genappe, battle of (1815) 234
George III, of England 259
George IV, of England 20
appoints Wellington Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 278–9
and Canning 264, 268–9
and Caroline of Brunswick 259–60, 261
against Catholic Emancipation 273–4, 277
death 280
disliked by Wellington 259–60, 266, 277
pays tribute to Wellington 202
Gladstone, William E. 290
Gleig, G. R. 177, 302
The Life of … Wellington 8, 22, 135, 165, 178, 190, 270, 275, 285, 297, 302
Glover, Michael: Wellington’s Army xix, 124
Gneisenau, August Wilhelm von 212, 230, 232
Goderich, Frederick Robinson, Viscount 269, 270
Godoy, Manuel 103
Gordon, Lt Colonel the Hon Alexander 180, 233, 248, 250, 251
Gordon, Lord George/Gordon riots 11–12, 13
Goubert, Louis 9
Goya, Francisco: sketch of Wellington 169
Graham, Lt General Sir Thomas (later Lord Lynedoch) 148, 158, 184, 188
Wellington to 164, 168, 221
Grant, Charles 273
Grant, Lt Colonel Colquhoun (El Bueno) 218??
?19
Grassina, Giuseppina 204
Grattan, Henry 23, 34, 98
Grattan, Lt William xvi-xvii, 161–2, 200
Great Exhibition (1851) xvi, 292
Grenville, Lord 94, 98
Greville, Charles 267, 274, 276, 277, 278, 281, 282, 286, 288, 290, 298, 299, 303
Greville, Lady Charlotte 227, 262–3
Grey, Lord Charles 271, 282, 284, 287, 288
Griffith, Paddy xvii
Griffon, HMS 202
Grimaldi 178
Grolmann, Major General Karl von 230
Gronow, Howell Rees 189, 191, 238, 242, 244–5, 277–8
Grosvenor Major General Thomas 101
Grouchy, Marshal 220, 226, 236
Guedalla, Philip: The Duke xix, 4, 133, 134
Gunning, Dr John 248
Gurwood, Lt Col John: Dispatches of … Wellington xviii, 290
Halkett, Major General Colin 231–2, 246, 249
Hamilton, Sergeant Anthony 138
Hamilton-Dalrymple, Lady 227
Hanger, Colonel George 14
Hardinge, Sir Henry 151, 218, 229, 233, 275
Harris, Rifleman Benjamin 116–17
Harris, Lt General George 41, 47, 48–9, 51, 52, 56–7, 58, 63, 93
Wellington to 62
Harrowby, Lord 259
Harvey, Felton 238
Hastings, Warren 38
Hawkesbury, Lord 107
Haydon, B. R.: portrait of Wellington 290
Haythornthwaite, Philip: The Armies of Wellington xix
Hennell, George 160
Hibbert, Christopher: Wellington: A Personal History xix, 204
Hickey, William 38, 39, 41
Hill, Arthur (later Lord Dungannon) 7
Hill, Major General Rowland (‘Daddy’) (later Lord) 136–7, 155, 163, 164, 175, 191, 192, 211, 271
death 291
Hobhouse, John Cam 198
Hofschröer, Peter xvii, 212–13, 217, 222, 223
Holkar, Jeswant Rao 68, 70, 82–3
Howe, Major General Sir William 10
Hulke, Dr 293
Hume, Dr John 250, 264–5, 275
Hunt, ‘Orator’ 258
Huskisson, William 269, 272, 273, 278
death 281–2
Hussey, John 213, 223
Hyder Ali 42, 63
Iberian Peninsula 110–11; see Peninsular War
India 43
Clive in 38, 44–5
East India Company bases 37–8, 42
Europeans in 38–40
expedition against Tipoo Sultan 42, 44–9, 51, see Seringapatam and Sultanpettah Tope
French in 44
influence on Wellington 85–8
Maratha wars see Maratha wars
Richard Wellesley as governor-general 41, 42, 44, 45–6
Wellington’s defeat of Dhoondiah Waugh 64–5
Ireland 4–6
and Catholic Emancipation 4, 270, 271, 273–4, 276–7
contribution to British army 26–7
nationalist movement 23
opposition to Union 98–9
Wellington’s birth and childhood in 3, 7–8
Wellington’s political posts 23–4, 98