Florence, 53
Florida, 72, 82
Francisca (Alvarado’s wife), 103
Franco, Miguel, 149
Frankfurt, 61
the French, 174, 227, 247, 261, 277–78, 279
Frió, Cabo, 104
Függer (German banker), 62
Gabriel, archangel, 178
Gabriellino, 47
Gage, Thomas, 203, 204, 206, 216–17, 219–20, 238–39
Gairaca, 170
Galileo, 261
Ganga Zumba, 258
Garay, Juan de, 152
García, Bartolomé, 124
García, Juana, 139–40
García Óñez de Loyola, Martín, 169
Garcilaso de la Vega, Inca, 180
Gasca, Pedro de, 112–13
General History of New Spain (Sahagún), 156
George, St., 194
the Germans, 62, 274, 261
Gibraltar, 247
Giron, Gilbert, 178, 179
Gluskabe, 5–6
González de Avila, Gil, 75
González de Cellorigo, Martín, 174
González de la Cruz, José, 262–63, 264–66
González de Nájera, Alonso, 178
Good, Sarah, 270
Granada, 52
Griggs, William, 270
Guachaca, 170
Guahaba, 57
Guaicaipuro, 144
Guami (Indian priest), 151, 152
Guanahaní, 45
Guanajuato, 115, 149
Guápulo, 271
Guaraní Indians, 11, 18, 227
Guarao Indians, 52
Guarapari, 161
Guarinea, 170
Guatemala, 77, 91, 102, 103, 132, 204, 212, 214, 216, 240
Guatemala City, 103
Guauravo River, 55
Guayrá, 227
Guerrero, Gonzalo, 96–97
Guevara, Isabel de, 124
Guillo, Diego, 219–20
Guinea, 138, 168
Guiomar, Queen, 118
Guyana, 162–63
Guzmán, Fernando de, 133, 134
Guzmán, Juan de, 217
Haida Indians, 8
Haiti, 26, 50, 51, 57, 246, 277–78
Hato del Cupey, 265
Hatuey, Chief, 57
Havana, 145, 159, 265
Hawkins, John, 138–39, 149
Helsingør, 280
Henry VIII, king of England, 153
Hernández, Alonso, 94
Hernández, Francisco, 237
Heyn, Piet, 207
History of the Indies (Las Casas), 147
Hithloday, Rafael, 61
Holland: see the Dutch Hopi Indians, 157
Huaina Cápac, 74–75
Huancavélica, 173
Huánuco, 185
Huaquechula, 69
Huarochirí, 34
Huáscar, 89
Huelén, 101
Huémac, 66, 67
Huexotzingo, 48, 70, 131–32, 156
Huexotzingo Indians, 70
Huitzilopochtli, 41, 71
Huron Indians, 233–34, 269
Iconology (Ripa), 176
Iglulik Indians, 16
Ignatius, St., 161, 169
Iguazú Mountains, 19
Iguazú River, 106
Imperial River, 210
Inca Indians, 39, 48, 54, 75, 87–90, 93, 94, 96, 107, 141, 147, 180, 184
Inkarrí, 148
Innocent IV, Pope, 146
the Inquisition, 53, 137, 146–47, 148–49, 155, 160–61, 179, 207, 213, 217, 224, 237, 276, 278
Inuit Indians, 38
Irala, Governor, 124
Iroquois Indians, 233–36
Isabel (witch), 278
Isabella I of Castile, 46, 47, 51
Isidore, St., 59
Isidro, St., 195
Islam: see Muslims
Itapicurú River, 175
Izmachí forest, 40
Jalisco, 132
Jamaica, 81, 238, 239, 244, 248, 252, 253–54
James I, king of England, 190
Jamestown, 228
Janduim Indians, 273
Jerez de la Frontera, 220
Jeriboca, 170
Jerónimo, St., 193
Jesús, Mariana de, 229
Jews, 53, 217
Jiménez de Quesada, Gonzalo, 99, 100
Jirijara Indians, 118
John the Baptist, St., 194
Juana: see Cruz, Juana Inés de la
Juana I la Loca, 59
Juan Diego, 84
Juruá River, 36
Jurupari, 9
Kadiueu Indians, 13
Kalina Indians, 9
Kanaima, 38–39
Kayapó Indians, 21–22, 35
Kekchi Indians, 19
Kino, Eusebio Francisco, 261
Kumokums, 33
Labat, Jean-Baptiste, 279
La Concepción, 51
Lagares, Bartolomé de, 161
Lahontan, Baron de, 269
La Imperial, 126, 169
La Isabela, 50
Landa, Diego de, 137
La Paz, 154
Las Cangrejeras, 208
Las Casas, Bartolomé de, 58, 84–85, 107–8, 110, 123, 124, 143–44, 147
La Serena, 116
Lautaro, 119, 127
Lázaro, 213
Lazarus, St., 194
Legion of the Henriques, 233
Lemos, Count, 248–49
Leonarda, 262–63
Leonardo, 264
Leonardo, Lupercio, 260
Leonardo da Vinci, 53
Leoncico (dog), 58–59
León Mullohuamani, Cristóbal de, 182
Lima, 105, 108–9, 116, 122, 123, 126, 140, 155, 160, 177, 183, 184, 192, 194, 198, 199, 213, 222, 224, 226, 248
Lisbon, 276
Locke, John, 253
London, 153, 162, 182, 190, 244, 252, 253, 270
Lord of Shells, 4–5
Losada, Diego de, 118
Los Teques, 144
Louis XIV, king of France, 278
Love Your Own Death (Espinosa Medrano), 251
Loyola, Ignacio de: see Ignatius, St.
Luanda, 193, 232
Lurín, 28
Lurín River, 140
Luther, Martin, 62, 93, 136
Mabodamaca, Chief, 56
Macacos, 258, 273–74, 275
Macchiavelli, Niccolò, 62
Machángara Canyon, 271
Machu Picchu, 96, 107
Macouba, 279
Macusi Indians, 23
Madrid, 81, 143, 147, 159, 185, 195, 207, 217, 227, 243, 277, 278, 279, 282
Magdalena River, 99
Magellan, Ferdinand, 74
Makiritare Indians, 3
Malaga, 282
Maldonado, Juan, 204, 213, 214
Maldonado, Juana, 214–16
Maldonado de Saavedra, Melchor, 224
Mal Hado Island, 82, 97
Malinche (Cortés’s Indian woman), 65, 68, 69, 76–77, 145
Mamatoco, 170
Mamazaca, 170
Manco Cápac: see Manco Inca
Manco Inca, 90, 94, 96
Mandingo people, 253
Manhattan, 243
Mani, 30–31
Maní, 137
Manoc Inca, 107
Manzanares River, 227
Manzanillo, 178
Maracaibo, 244, 248
Maracaibo, Lake, 247
Maravilla, Hernando, 155
Margarita Island, 134
Mariana, Father, 196
Mariño de Lobera, Pedro, 126
Maroma, 170
Martelli (engineer), 227
Martial, St., 159
Martinez, Domingo, 125
Martinique, 279
Masaca, 170
Masanga, 170
Masaya, 250
Masaya volcano, 100–101
Masinga, 170
Masinguilla, 170
Massachusetts,
220–21, 256, 269
Matanzas, 207
Matos, Gregorio de, 276
Maulicán, 209, 210–11
Mauracataca, 170
Mauro, Fray, 278
Maya Indians, 3, 12, 28, 40, 76, 137
Mayna Indians, 18
Mbororé, 226
Mby’a-guaraní Indians, 12
Méndez, Diego, 107
Mendieta, Jerónimo de, 150, 151
Mendiguaca, 170
Mendoza, Felipe de, 124, 131
Mendoza, Pedro de, 152
Menéndez de Avilés, Pedro, 228
Meneses, Hernando de, 131
Menomenee Indians, 6
Metacom, 256
Mexico, 41, 63, 65, 103, 156, 203, 204, 228
Mexico City, 84, 95, 115, 123, 130, 142, 145, 146, 148, 154, 174, 202, 203, 236, 245, 260, 266, 271; see also Tenochtitlán
Mezquital, 189
Michael, St., 194
Michaelangelo, 62
Michmaloyan, 128
Michoacán, 132
Miguel, King, 117–18
Mina people, 233
Minas Gerais, 279
Mixco, 217
Moctezuma, Emperor, 54, 64, 65, 66–67, 68, 70, 142
Modoc Indians, 33
Mogrovejo de la Cerda, Juan de, 199–201
Molina, Alonso de, 81–82
Molucca Indians, 73–74
Montesinos, Antonio de, 57–58
More, Thomas, 61, 132
Morga, Antonio de, 218–19
Morgan, Henry, 247, 248, 251–52, 253–54
Moseten Indians, 10
Motocintle, 212
Motolinía, Toribio de, 95–96
Mujica, Martín de, 232
Muslims, 52–53, 62, 92–93, 217
Mystic Fort, 221
Nabía, Antonia, 155
Nahuanje, 170
Narváez, Pánfilo de, 82
Nasuk, 13
Nau, Jean David (El Olonés), 244–45, 247
Navajo Indians, 157
Navidad fort, 50
Ñeambiú, 19
Nebrija, Elio Antonio de, 50
Negro Committee, 262
Negro River, 9
New Amsterdam, 243
New Cádiz, 106
Newfoundland, 269
New Mexico, 259, 272
New York, 243
Nicaragua, 206, 250
Nicaragua, Chief, 75–76
Nivakle Indians, 13, 35–36
Nochistlán, Rock of, 102
Nooktas Indians, 27
Nueva Valencia del Rey, 134, 136
Núñez de Balboa, Vasco, 58, 59, 62–63
Núñez de Miranda, Antonio, 266–68, 271
Núñez de Pineda y Bascuñán, Francisco, 208–9, 210–12
Núñez Vela, Blasco, 115
The Nun Lieutenant (Pérez de Montalbán), 214
Oaxaca, 17, 132, 237
Obatalá, 193
Obenga, 275
Ocaña, Diego de, 168–69
Océlotl, Martín, 128
Ochoa, Juan, 194–95
Ogum, 194
Ojeda, Alonso de, 50–51
Old Meanie, 36–37
Old Road Town, 256
Olinda, 232
Olonés, El, 244–45, 247
Omapacha, 182
Ona Indians, 36
Opechancanough, Chief, 191–92, 228
Ordaz, Diego de, 83
Orellana, Francisco de, 105
Origua, 170
Orinoco River, 38, 52, 83
Osborne, Sarah, 270
Oshún, 193
Our Lady of Guanajuato, 149–50
Ouro Prêto, 279
Oviedo: see Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo
Oxalá, 193
Oxley, Henry, 160
Ozama River, 51
Pachacamac, 28
Pacific Ocean, 59
Painala, 76
Palawiyang Indians, 37
Palmares, 175, 232, 241–42, 257, 258, 273–74, 275
Palos, 96
Panama, 58, 94, 111, 134, 168, 200, 253
Panama City, 167, 251
Pané, Ramón, 51
Pánuco, 132
Paraguay, 124, 125, 227
Paraguay River, 20
Paraíba River, 240
Paraná, 29
Paranapiacaba Mountains, 279
Parana River, 124
Paria, Gulf of, 28, 52
Parris, Samuel, 269–70
Pasto, 48
Patiño, Francisco, 231
Paul III, Pope, 98, 146
Paullo (Inca leader), 96
Pedrarias the Buried: See Arias de Avila, Pedro
Pedro, Maese, 115
Peña, Lorenzo de la, 161
Penn, William, 239
Pequot Indians, 221–22
Pérez de Montalbán, Juan, 214
Pérez de Morales, Captain, 265
Pernambuco, 242, 257, 273
Peru, 21, 34, 115, 116, 133, 134, 135, 158, 172, 181, 205, 206, 226
Peter, St., 59
Philip II, king of Spain, 110, 129, 131, 136, 137, 147, 156, 163, 174, 184, 228, 237
Philip III, king of Spain, 184, 185, 195–96
Philosophical Manifesto Against the Stray Comets (Sigüenza y Góngora), 261
Piaroa Indians, 83
Pichincha volcano, 229
Pinel, Juan, 111, 112
Pinola, 216
Pius V, Pope, 143
Pizarro, Francisco, 63, 81, 87–89, 90, 94, 96, 105, 107, 114
Pizarro, Gonzalo, 104–5, 108–9, 112, 115
Placentia, 269
Plate River, 104
Plymouth, England, 138
Plymouth, Massachusetts, 221, 256
Pocahontas, 191
Poma de Ayala, Guamán, 184–85
Ponce de León, Juan, 55, 56, 72
Popocatépetl volcano, 69, 83
Porres, Martín de, 222–23
Portilla, Juan de la, 161
Portobello, 168, 199, 251
Pôrto Calvo, 257, 274
Port Royal, 253
the Portuguese, 174, 232–33, 241, 242, 257–58, 261, 273, 276
Potosí, 110, 117, 120, 121, 153, 154, 164, 168, 172, 173, 186–89, 205, 224, 230, 248, 254
Powhatan, 191
Prieto, Juan, 117
Puebla, 240
Puerto Príncipe, 178
Puerto Rico, 55, 56
Puerto Viejo, 91
Pujilí, 271
Puná, 160
the Puritans, 220–21, 256, 270
Putapichun, Chief, 209–10
Quetzalcóatl, 65, 66, 67
Quetzaltenango, 77
Quevedo y Villegas, Francisco de, 175, 201–2
Quiché Indians, 12, 28, 40, 78
Quijo Indians, 151–52
Quillacinga Indians, 48–49
Quintero, 116
Quiroga, Vasco de, 132
Quito, 75, 89, 91, 92, 94, 100, 104, 151, 158, 167, 218, 229, 271
Ragueneau, Father, 233–34
Raleigh, Walter, 162–63
Rebelo, Gonçalo, 242
Recife, 175, 232, 242, 257, 273, 275
Redbeard (pirate), 93
Regla, 277
Remedios, 244, 262–66
Repocura, 210, 211
Reyes, Gaspar de los, 149
Ribera, Alonso de, 176–77
Rímac River, 199
Riobamba, 91, 94
Rio de Janeiro, 273
Rio Grande do Norte, 273
Rio Grande Valley, 272
Ripa, Cesare, 176
Robles, Martín de, 136
Rodrigo, Martín, 115
Rojas, Alonso de, 229
Rolfe, John, 190–91
Rome, 47, 98, 176
Rosales, Floriana, 164–66
Royal Africa Company, 252, 261
Ruiz, Marcos, 249–50
Ruiz, Pedro, 101
Rumiñahui, General, 92
Sacasa, 1
70
Sahagún, Bernardino de, 155–56, 237
Ste. Marie des Hurons, 233
St. Kitts, 256
St. Thomas Island, 280
Salamanca, 50
Salazar, Bernardo de, 206
Salazar, Diego de, 56
Salcedo (soldier), 55–56
Salem Village, 269
Salvador (heroic slave), 179
Samayac, 204
Sánchez, Juan, 101
Sánchez, Sebastian, 247–48
Sánchez Farfán, Julio, 164, 165–66
Sánchez Gallque, Andres, 168
San Francisco monastery, 203, 205
San Juan Atitlán, 249
San Lorenzo, 166
Sanlúcar de Barrameda, 82, 197
San Marcos de Arica, 205
San Miguel, Gulf of, 59
San Miguel de Nepantla, 238, 239
San Miguel de Tucumán, 224
San Pablo, 226
San Pedro de Omapacha, 182
San Pedro River, 117
Santa Catarina, 189
Santa Cruz Island, 49
Santa Fe, 259, 272
Santa Lucía, 101
Santa María de Guadalupe, 264, 265
Santa María del Darién, 60
Santa Marta, 81, 99, 169, 170
Santiago, apostle, 150–51, 185
Santiago, Miguel de, 271
Santiago de Chile, 101, 127, 155, 176, 180, 232
Santiago de la Vega, 238
Santiago Papasquiaro, 189
Santo Domingo, 51, 57, 72, 81, 84, 94, 98, 138, 140
Sáo Paulo, 273, 279
São Salvador de Bahia, 225, 276
Sarmiento, Juan, 149
Scorpion Islands, 78
Sebastian, St., 151
Segura de la Frontera, 69
Sepúlveda, Juan Ginés de, 123–24
Serra da Barriga, 241
Serra de Leguízamo, Mancio, 160
Serra Dois Irmãos, 275
Serrana Island, 85
Serrano, Pedro, 85–87, 93
Seville, 45, 73, 93, 163, 172, 178, 179, 197, 199, 201, 262
Shakespeare, William, 153, 182–83
Shangó, 194, 277
Shipaiás Indians, 25
Sigüenza y Góngora, Carlos de, 261
Silva, José Asunción, 192
Simon, St., 146, 159
Sinaloa, 97
Simú River, 59
Sioux Indians, 41–42
Slader, Matthew, 255
Small Syphilitic God, 4–5
Soares, Antonio, 275
Solar, Antonio, 140
Soto, Hernando de, 88
Sousa de Castro, Aires de, 257–58
Spain, 52–53
Suárez, Inés, 101, 102, 116
Sublimis Deus (papal bull), 98
Subupira, 275
Sucre River, 219
Suliman, Sultan, 93
the Swedes, 262
Tabocas, 275
Tagus River, 227
Taíno Indians, 26, 41
Tairama, 170
Taironaca, 170
Tairona Indians, 170–71
Takelma Indians, 20
Tambisa, 151
Tapajós River, 105
Tarascan Indians, 10
Tecayehuatzin, 48
Tecum Umán, Captain, 77
Tehuantepec, 132
The Tempest (Shakespeare), 182–83
Tenochtitlán, 41, 54, 63, 65, 67, 70, 71, 76, 80, 83, 95; see also Mexico City
Teocalhueyacan, 68