Page 101 of The Life of Greece

Daniel, Book of, 603, 605

  Dante, see Alighieri, Dante

  Danube River, 33, 36, 40, 157, 431, 543

  Daphnis , 171, 610

  Daphnis, architect, 618

  Dardanelles , 3, 121

  Dardani , 35, 36

  Dardanus , 35‡

  Darius I, King of Persia (558?-486? B.C.), 234, 235, 237, 238, 342, 589

  Darius III, King of Persia (reigned 336–331 B.C.), 245, 541, 544, 545, 546, 547, 551, 621

  Darkness (deity), 99

  Darwin, Charles Robert, English naturalist (1809–1882), 147, 340, 529

  Dascylium , 156

  Datis , Persian satrap (5th century B.C.), 235

  Daughters of Pelias, The (Euripides), 401

  Dawkins, Richard MacGillivray, English archeologist, 6

  Day (deity), 99

  Dead Amazon, 623

  Death, see Thanatos

  debts, cancellation of, 113–114, 569

  Deceleia , 108, 400, 447, 448

  decimal system, 338

  Deianeira , 254, 392

  Deinarchus (dī’-năr’-kŭs), orator (361-291 B.C.), 483

  Delian Confederacy, 131, 245, 251, 276

  Delium , 365, 444

  Delos (dē’-lŏs), 23*, 33, 105, 131, 182, 183, 200, 222, 236, 245, 251, 279, 562, 570, 574, 575, 580, 591, 617, 618, 665

  Delphi (dēl’-fī), 29, 68*, 78, 104–105, 118, 124, 132, 141, 142, 179, 180, 182, 183, 188, 198, 200, 211, 216, 274, 316, 317, 321, 472, 477, 559

  Delphi Museum, 221, 498

  Delphic Amphictyony, 263, 477, 560

  Delphic oracle, 41, 73, 75, 78, 96, 167, 182, 198, 361, 367, 376

  Delphis , 567, 611

  Demades , orator and demagogue (380-318 B.C.), 483

  demagogy, 281, 442

  Demaratus (dě’-măr-ā’-tŭs), King of Sparta (reigned 510–491 B.C.), 86

  demes, 40, 124, 259

  Demesne (dē-mān’) (King’s Commons), 46

  Demeter (dē-mē’-tēr), 32, 50*, 68, 69, 109, 170, 175, 178, 179, 182, 188, 189, 198, 231, 232, 319, 329, 426, 471, 622

  Thesmophoros, 199

  Demeter, 134, 499, 622‡

  Demeter, Persephone, and Artemis (Damophon), 621

  Demetrius, priest (fl. 540 B.C.), 143

  Demetrius I Soter, King of Syria (reigned 162–150 B.C.), 579

  Demetrius II Nicator, King of Syria (reigned 146–142 and 128–125 B.C.), 584

  Demetrius Phalereus , Attic orator (345?-283? B.C.), 278*, 483, 558, 561, 586, 594, 641

  Demetrius I Poliorcetes , King of Macedonia (337-283 B.C.), 503, 558, 560, 567, 571, 619, 624§

  demiurgoi, 110

  Democedes (dě-mŏ’-sě-dēz), physician (fl. 522 B.C.), 342, 346

  democracy, in Sparta, 80

  in Athens, 121, 123–126, 246–248, 554

  in Syracuse, 172

  under Pericles, 248–267, 276–286

  in philosophy of Plato, 519–520

  in philosophy of Aristotle, 535

  Democritus , philosopher (460?-362? B.C.), 68, 69, 136, 157, 202, 317, 337, 338, 339, 343, 352–355, 358, 361, 527, 529, 644, 646–647, 657, 669

  Demodocus (dē-mŏd’-ŏ-kŭs), 52

  Demosthenes (dē-mos’-thě-nēz), orator and statesman (384?-322 B.C.), 158, 272, 278, 301, 304, 468–469, 476, 478–480, 483–485, 512, 542, 543, 553, 626

  De Rerum Natura (Lucretius), 441*

  Descartes, René, French philosopher (1596–1650), 669

  Desmoulins, Camille, French revolutionist (1760–1794), 89*

  Deucalion , 39

  deus ex machina , 340, 368, 379, 397, 412

  Devils’ Club, 361

  Diadochi (dī-ăd’-ŏ-kē), 558

  Diadumenos (Polycleitus), 322, 498

  Diagoros (dī-ăg’-ō-răs) of Melos, poet and philosopher (5th century B.C.), 337

  dialectics, 351, 367–368, 503

  dialects, 15, 204

  Dialogues (Plato), 364, 513–515, 517

  Dialogues of the Dead (Lucian), 549*

  Diana, 183, see Artemis

  Diasia , 179, 199

  Dibre Soferim , 580

  Dicaearchus (dī’-sē-ärk’-ŭs), Peripatetic philosopher (fl. 320 B.C.), 108, 488, 502

  Dicaeopolis , 108

  Dickens, Charles, English novelist (1812–1870), 428

  dictatorship, in Argos, 72

  in Sicyon, 89

  in Corinth, 90

  of Peisistratus, 119–123

  in Miletus, 134

  in Samos, 142

  in Lesbos, 151

  in Sicily, 172–173

  in philosophy of Plato, 520

  in philosophy of Aristotle, 535

  Dido (dī’-dō), 67

  Didyma , 549, 618

  diet, of Athenians, 270

  Dike (dī’-kē), 186, 201

  Dinocrates , architect (4th century B.C.), 492, 545, 592

  Dinostratus , mathematician (4th century B.C.), 501

  Dio Chrysostom, Sophist and rhetorician (40–115), 326

  Diocles (dī’-ō-klēz) of Carystus, physician (fl. 4th century B.C.), 502–503

  Diocletian (Caius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus), Roman emperor (245–313), 576

  Diodorus Siculus (dī’-ō-dō’-rŭs sīk’-ŭ-lŭs), historian (fl. 1st century B.C.), 41*, 42*, 160, 187*, 189, 241, 242*, 455

  Diogenes (dī’-ŏj’-ē-nēz), Cynic philosopher (412?-323 B.C.), 156, 201, 295, 301, 506–509, 526, 644

  Diogenes Apolloniates, natural philosopher (fl. 460 B.C.), 345

  Diogenes Laertius, writer (2nd century A.D.), 118*, 138, 148, 163, 164, 168, 261, 353, 354, 356, 357, 359, 364, 455, 472, 489, 524, 526, 640, 641, 645, 650, 652

  Diogenes of Seleucia (the Babylonian), Stoic philosopher (2nd century B.C.), 652

  Diolcos, 89

  Diomedes (dī’-ō-mē’-dēz), 41†, 49, 57, 58

  Dion (dī’-ōn), tyrant of Syracuse (408-353 B.C.), 473–474, 510

  Dione (dī-ō’-nē), 181

  Dionysia , 178, 188, 200, 229, 232, 233, 379*, 381, 392, 418, 420, 435, 525

  Dionyskn Artists, 380

  Dionysius I, tyrant of Syracuse (430?-367 B.C.), 160, 426, 439, 465, 470–473, 505, 510, 535, 659

  Dionysius II, tyrant of Syracuse (fl. 367 B.C.), 473–475, 511, 522

  Dionysius of Halicarnassus, historian (54?-7? B.C.), 652

  Dionysus (dī’-ō-nī’-sŭs), 69, 178, 179, 180, 181, 185, 186–188, 189, 190, 193, 194, 195, 196, 199–200, 227, 228, 230, 232, 233, 273, 321, 330, 375, 378, 379, 400, 413, 418–419, 427, 432, 467, 496, 566*, 583, 587

  Dionysus, 321

  Dionysus (Scopas), 497

  Dionysus, Theater of, 15, 232, 251, 255, 377–383, 391, 401, 491

  Dioscuri , 316, see also Castor and Pollux

  Dioscurias , 135, 157

  Diotima , courtesan, 300

  Dipoenus , Cretan sculptor (fl. 580 B.C.), 23, 221, 322

  Dipolia , 200

  Dipylon , 219, 269

  Dirce (dûr’-sē), 623

  Discobolos see Discus Thrower

  Discus Thrower (Myron), 143, 323

  discus throwing, 48, 214

  Dium (dē’-ŭm), 580

  divination, 175, 197, 198

  Divine Fire, 144–147, 651

  divine rule, 11, 577, 595

  Divine Word, 147

  division of labor, 275

  divorce, in Sparta, 84

  in Sicily, 170

  in Athens, 305

  Dnieper River, 157

  Dniester River, 157

  Dodecapolis (Ionian), 128, 134–151

  Dodona , 67, 180, 198, 660

  Dörpfeld, Wilhelm, German archeologist, 26, 27, 34, 35*, 159

  dokimasia, 263

  Dolon (dō’-lōn), 49

  Dorian invasion, 5, 14, 29–30, 47, 62–64, 90, 106, 127, 133–134, 218, 223

  Dorians, 23, 35‡, 42, 44, 62–64, 70, 71, 73, 77, 88, 89, 95, 108, 109, 127, 128, 133–134, 173, 180, 203, 305, 311, 523, 6
60

  dialect, 204

  Doric mode (music), 74, 228*, 518

  Doric order (architecture), 68, 88, 92, 105, 122, 168, 171, 223, 224–225, 226, 327, 328, 329, 331, 333, 491–492, 617

  Doricha , courtesan, 153

  Doris , 198, 477, 580

  Dorus (dō’-rŭs), 35‡, 207

  Doryphoros , see Spear Bearer

  Dostoevski, Feodor Mikhailovich, Russian novelist (1821–1881), 524

  double ax, 8, 11, 14, 19, 20, 32

  drachma, 114, 273–274

  Draco (drā’-kō), Athenian lawgiver (7th century B.C.), 77, in, 114, 117, 258, 304

  drainage system, in Crete, 7, 19

  in Athens. 269

  in Near East, 576

  in Egypt, 588

  drama, in Argos, 72

  in Athens, 122

  in religion, 178, 189, 193, 200

  origins of, 230–233

  in Golden Age, 379–429

  in 4th century, 482–483

  in Hellenistic age, 606–608

  Draped Venus, 326*

  Dream, see Oneiros

  Drimachus , revolutionary (6th century B.C.), 150

  drinking, by Achaeans, 45

  in Sparta, 82

  in Athens, 270, 310

  drought, 3

  drunkenness, in Sparta, 82

  in Athens, 270 Drunken Silenus, 625

  Dryden, John, English poet and dramatist (1631–1700), 377*

  Dumas, Alexandre, fils, French dramatist and novelist (1824–1895), 607

  Durazzo, 67, 575, 662, see also Epidamnus

  Dying Gaul, The, 623

  Dyme (dī’-mē), 560

  Dyrrachium , 67, see also Epimamnus

  E

  Earth (deity) 99, see also Gaea

  earthquakes, 3, 17, 21, 35*, 104, 571

  earth worship, in Crete, 13, 15

  of Achaeans, 38

  in common religion, 177–178

  Ecbatana , 546, 551

  Ecclesiastes, 401, 603, 604

  Ecclesiasticus, 604–605

  Ecclesiazusae , The (Aristophanes), 283, 380–381, 427

  Eckermann, Johann Peter, German author (1792–1854), 364, 419

  Ecphantus of Syracuse, geographer (fl. 390 B.C.), 502

  Eden, 43–44

  Edessa , 70

  Edfu , 618

  education, in Homeric society, 51

  in Sparta, 82–83

  in Athens, 288–290, 306

  in 3rd century, 567

  Egypt, 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 15, 18, 20, 21, 31, 33, 34, 35, 37, 47, 54, 55, 68, 69, 70, 72, 118, 133, 134, 135, 136, 140, 161, 165, 173–174, 178, 189, 192, 219, 221, 222, 234, 238, 272, 275, 276, 294, 319, 348, 430, 437, 440, 467, 501, 509, 510, 544–545, 548, 554, 557, 558, 560, 562, 565, 566, 570, 571, 572, 574, 575, 579, 582, 585–598, 599, 600, 606, 607, 618, 620, 634, 663, 667, 668, 669

  Eileithyia , 182, 186

  ekklesia , 115, 255, 257, 264, 266, 469

  ekkyklema, 378–379

  Elam (ē’-lăm), 545, 572

  Elaphebolion , 200

  Elasa , 584

  Elatea , 106, 492

  Elea , 160, 167–168, 339, 349, 350

  Eleatic School, 138, 167–168, 349–350

  Eleazar Maccabeus. Jewish patriot (2nd century B.C.), 583

  elections, in Sparta, 79–80

  in Athens, 115–116, 125, 257, 263

  Electra , 51, 61, 386, 389, 409, 411, 412

  Electra (Euripides), 401 *, 409–410

  Electra (Sophocles), 392–393

  electrum, 273

  Elements (Euclid), 628

  Elephantine (ěl’-ē-făn-tī’-nē), 430

  Eleusinian mysteries, 68, 188–189, 199, 201, 300, 381, 427, 447, 508, 617, 662, 668

  Eleusis , 29, 50*, 68, 109, 175, 178, 188, 189, 199, 201, 231, 272, 329, 617

  Eleutherae (ě-lū’-thē-rē), 200, 323

  Elgin, Thomas Bruce, seventh Earl of, British diplomat (1766–1841), 331*, 335*

  Elis , 39, 41†, 62, 88, 89, 200, 213, 314, 326, 328, 361, 497, 542, 560, 561, 570, 642, 643

  Elizabethan drama, 382, 420, 668

  Elpinice , sister of Cimon (5th century B.C.), 247, 316*

  Elymi , 170

  Elysian Fields, 14, 312

  Embarkation for Cythera (Watteau), 159

  embryology, 503, 529–530

  Emmaus (ě-mā’-ŭs), 584

  Empedocles (ěm-pěd’-ō-klēz), philosopher (500-430? B.C.), 42*, 99, 139, 172, 339, 342, 345, 355–358, 438, 529, 530, 669

  Emporium , 67, 169, 575

  Encyclopedists, 363, 413, 657

  Endymion , 88

  engineering, 142, 500, 588–589

  England, 21, 26, 29, 46, 75, 275, 298, 440, 449

  engraving, in Crete, 16

  in Mycenae, 30

  in Homeric society, 52

  in Periclean age, 314

  in Hellenistic age, 616

  Enkomi (ěn-kō’-mē), 34

  Enoch, Book of, 604*, 605

  Enoch Arden, 59*

  entelechy, 530, 532

  Epaminondas , Theban statesman and general (ca. 420–362 B.C.), 81, 88, 98, 103, 201, 265, 462–463, 475, 489

  epheboi, 289–290

  Ephebos, 321

  Ephesus (ěf’-ē-sŭs), 122, 142, 143–148, 151, 169, 175, 178, 183, 226, 327, 491, 492, 497, 575, 577–578, 602, 618, 639

  Ephialtes (ef’-ē-ăl’-tēz), Athenian statesman (d. 461 B.C.), 246–248, 249, 259, 283, 390

  ephorate, 23, 80, 569

  Ephorus (ěf’-ō-rŭs) of Cyme, historian (ca. 400–330 B.C.), 486, 488

  Ephraim (place), 583

  Epicharmus , comic poet (ca. 540–450 B.C.), 420, 438

  epics, 44, 207–211, 609

  Epictetus , Roman Stoic philosopher (60–120), 656

  Epicureanism, 369, 640, 644–649

  Epicurus , philosopher (342?-270 B.C.), 136, 156, 300, 369, 565, 567, 607, 640, 644–649, 650, 657, 671

  Epidamnus , 67, 575, 662

  Epidaurus , 72, 95–97, 327, 346, 378, 497, 569

  Epigoni , 41

  Epimetheus , 101

  Epirus (ē-pī’-rŭs), 37, 67, 70, 103, 106, 181, 246, 557, 660, 661, 665

  Equals, see homoioi

  equinoxes, precession of, 636

  Erasistratus , physician and anatomist (fl. 3rd century B.C.), 131, 638–639, 670

  Erato , 186

  Eratosthenes , geometer and astronomer (276?-195? B.C.), 55, 598, 601, 629, 636–637, 669

  Erebus , 99

  Erechtheum (ěr’-ěk-thē’-ŭm), 325, 327, 331–332

  Erechtheus , 40, 331

  Eregli , 157, see also Perinthus

  Eresus , 153

  Eretria , 107, 157, 169, 378, 568

  ergasteria, 272

  Ergotimus , potter (fl. 560 B.C.), 219

  Erichthonius , 45

  Erinnyes , 186, 389, see also Furies

  Eros (ēr’-ōs), 99, 178, 186, 303, 416, 495

  Eros (Praxiteles), 495, 496

  Erythrae , 150, 197, 219

  Eryximachus , 370

  Esdras (ěz’-drăs), 604

  esoterici, 163

  essays, 486–488

  Essenes (ě-sēnz’), 509

  Esther, 603

  esthetics, of Plato, 518–519; of Aristotle, 532–533

  Eteocles (ē-tē’-ō-klēz), 41, 394, 396

  Ether (deity), 99

  ethics, in philosophy of Heracleitus, 147

  of Pythagoras, 165–166

  of medical profession, 346–348

  of Democritus, 354

  of Socrates, 372

  of Cynics, 508

  of Plato, 517

  of Aristotle, 533–534

  of Epicurus, 646–648

  of Stoics, 654–656

  Ethiopia, 167, 238, 276, 341, 431

  ethnology, 107–108

  Etna, Mt., 172, 357, 510

  Eton, 511

  Etruria , 169, 219, 276, 472,
667

  Etruscans, 169, see also Etruria

  Euboea , 27, 94, 106, 128, 158, 198. 235, 239, 439, 448, 573, 666

  Eucleides (ū-klī’-dēz), archon (fl. 403 B.C.), 468

  Eucleides of Megara, philosopher (ca. 450–374 B.C.), 207, 369, 503, 510, 642

  Euclid , geometrician (fl. 3rd century B.C.), 137, 501, 627–628, 633

  Eucrates , demagogue (fl. 5th century B.C.), 255, 442

  Eudemian Ethics (Aristotle), 526*

  Eudemus (ŭ-dē’-mŭs) of Rhodes, philosopher (fl. 4th century B.C.), 500

  Eudoxus (ŭ-dŏk’-sŭs), astronomer (409?-353? B.C.), 134, 500, 501–502, 506, 512, 628*

  Eugaeon (ū-jē’-ōn), writer, 140

  eugenics, 81–82, 521

  Euhemerus (û-hěm’-ēr-ŭs) of Messana, my-thologist (fl. 300 B.C.), 565

  Eumaeus (ū-mě’-ŭs), 61

  Eumelus (ū’-měl-ŭs), Corinthian poet (8th century B.C.), 91

  Eumenes (ū’-mē-nēz) I, King of Pergamum (fl. 263 B.C.), 578

  Eumenes II, King of Pergamum (reigned 197–159 B.C.), 578, 600, 602, 618, 664, 665

  Eumenides , 186, 201, 389, 395

  Eumenides (Aeschylus), 389

  Eupatrids , 110, 111, 112

  Euphorbus (ū-fôr’-bŭs), 165

  Euphrates (ū-frā’-tēz) River, 3, 460, 502, 557, 564, 572, 575

  Euphronius , potter (6th-5th century B.C.), 220

  Eupolis , comic dramatist (ca. 446–411 B.C.), 364–365, 420–421

  Eupolis, boxer, 213

  Eupompus, painter (4th century B.C.), 498

  Euripides , tragic dramatist (480-406 B.C.), 36, 43, 55, 97, 109, 197, 202, 207, 231, 232, 251, 253, 267, 280, 297, 303, 304, 306, 316, 337, 340, 360, 368, 373, 379, 380, 382, 385, 392, 398, 399, 400–419, 421, 426–427, 429, 433, 436, 437, 467, 482, 510, 576, 601, 612, 625, 671

  Euripus (ū-rī’-pŭs), 107

  Europa , 55

  Europe, 4, 6, 8*, 26, 50, 129, 140, 157, 170, 174, 274, 349, 456, 497, 513, 544, 547, 551, 552, 558, 566, 571, 576, 577, 629, 637, 667, 669, 670

  Eurotas (ū-rō’-tăs) River, 72, 82, 88, 447

  Eurus (ū’-rŭs), 177

  Eurydice , 190, 303, 319

  Eurymanthus (ū’-ră-măn’-thŭs), Mt., 41†

  Eurymedon River, 234, 245, 247, 279

  Eurynome , 182

  Euryphron , physician (5th century B.C.), 342

  Eurystheus , 39, 41, 42

  Euterpe (ū-tûr’-pě), 186

  Euthias , 300

  Euthydemus I, King of Bactria (fl. 230 B.C.), 626

  Euthydemus, 71

  Euthydemus (Plato), 513*

  Euthymides , potter (6th century B.C.), 220

  Euthyphro , soothsayer (5th century B.C.), 361–362

  Euthyphro (Plato), 372, 513*

  Eutychides of Sicyon, sculptor (4th century B.C.), 621

  Euxine Sea, see Black Sea

  Evagoras (ē-väg’-ō-răs), King of Salamis (reigned 410–374 B.C.), 488