Luke Harding, “Elusive Mullah Omar ‘Back in Afghanistan,’” Guardian (London), August 30, 2002, 12.
See Human Rights Watch, “Opportunism in the Face of Tragedy: Repression in the Name of Anti-terrorism,” http://www.hrw.org/legacy/campaigns/september11
/opportunismwatch.htm.
See “Power Politics,” 151–76, above, and related notes.
15. An Ordinary Person’s Guide to Empire
CNN International, March 21, 2003.
Ibid.
Ibid. See also Dexter Filkins, “In the Field Marines: Either Take a Shot or Take a Chance,” New York Times, March 29, 2003, A1. Filkins interviewed Sergeant Eric Schrumpf, aged twenty-eight, of the Fifth Marine Regiment. “‘We had a great day,’ Sergeant Schrumpf said. ‘We killed a lot of people.’ . . . ‘We dropped a few civilians, . . . but what do you do?’ . . . He recalled watching one of the women standing near the Iraqi soldier go down. ‘I’m sorry,’ the sergeant said. ‘But the chick was in the way.’”
Patrick E. Tyler and Janet Elder, “Threats and Responses—The Poll: Poll Finds Most in U.S. Support Delaying a War,” New York Times, February 14, 2003, A1.
Maureen Dowd, “The Xanax Cowboy,” New York Times, March 9, 2003, 4, 13.
George W. Bush, joint statement with Tony Blair after the Azores summit. See “Excerpts from Remarks by Bush and Blair: ‘Iraq Will Soon Be Liberated,’” New York Times, April 9, 2003, B7.
“You Cannot Hide, Hoon Tells Saddam,” Birmingham Evening Mail, March 20, 2003, 2; Charles Reiss, “We Had No Option But to Use Force to Disarm Saddam, Says Straw,” Evening Standard (London), March 20, 2003, 11.
General Vince Brooks, deputy director of operations, United States Central Command Daily Press Briefing, Federal News Service, March 27, 2003.
CNN International, March 25, 2003.
Remarks by President George W. Bush to Troops at MacDill Air Force Base, Tampa, FL, Federal News Service, March 26, 2003.
See David Cole, Enemy Aliens: Double Standards and Constitutional Freedoms in the War on Terrorism (New York: New Press, 2003).
Charles Lane, “Justices to Rule on Detainees’ Rights; Court Access for 660 Prisoners at Issue,” Washington Post, November 11, 2003, 1; David Rohde, “U.S. Rebuked on Afghans in Detention,” New York Times, March 8, 2004, A6. See also Cole, Enemy Aliens, 39–45.
Jeremy Armstrong, “Field of Death—Total Slaughter: Amnesty [International] Demands Probe Be over Bloody Massacre of Taliban Prisoners,” Mirror (London), November 29, 2001, 6.
“Injustice in Afghanistan,” editorial, Washington Post, March 21, 2004, B6.
Bill O’Reilly, “Talking Points Memo,” The O’Reilly Factor, Fox News, March 24, 2003. See also Bill O’Reilly, “Unresolved Problems: Interview with Kenneth Roth,” The O’Reilly Factor, Fox News, March 27, 2003.
See Rageh Omaar, Revolution Day: The Human Story of the Battle for Iraq (London: Viking, 2004).
Martin Bright, Ed Vulliamy, and Peter Beaumont, “Revealed: US Dirty Tricks to Win Vote on Iraq War,” Observer (London), March 2, 2003, 1.
Marc Santora, “Aid Workers Fear Dangers of Delay: Basra, without Power and Water, Is at Risk,” International Herald Tribune, March 25, 2003, 1; John Pilger, “Gulf War 2: Six Days of Shame,” Mirror (London), March 26, 2003, 14.
Patrick Nicholson, “The Cans and Buckets Are Empty and People Are Desperate,” Independent (London), April 5, 2003, 8.
Agence France-Presse, “Iraq’s Weekly Oil Production Reaches New Levels,” July 23, 2002.
Mark Nicholson, “Troops Prepare to Deliver Supplies,” Financial Times (London), March 27, 2003, 2.
Nick Guttmann, “Humanitarian Aid—Wanted: 32 Galahads a Day,” Independent on Sunday (London), March 30, 2003, 26.
Quoted in Noam Chomsky, For Reasons of State (New York: New Press, 2003), 67–69.
Juan J. Walte, “Greenpeace: 200,000 Died in Gulf,” USA Today, May 30, 1991, 1A.
Kim Cobb, “Vets Warn of Risks to Soldiers’ Health: Critics Fear Repeat of Gulf War Illnesses,” Houston Chronicle, February 9, 2003, 1.
James Meikle, “‘Health Will Suffer for Years,’” Guardian (London), November 12, 2003, 17.
Joel Brinkley, “American Companies Rebuilding Iraq Find They Are Having to Start from the Ground Up,” New York Times, February 22, 2004, 11; Tucker Carlson, “Hired Guns,” Esquire, March 2004, 130–38.
Felicity Barringer, “Security Council Votes to Revive Oil-for-Food Program in Iraq,” New York Times, March 29, 2003, B7.
Dan Morgan and Karen DeYoung, “Hill Panels Approve War Funds, with Curbs: Most Restrictions Aimed at Pentagon,” Washington Post, April 2, 2003, A26.
Lou Dobbs, Lou Dobb’s Moneyline, CNN, March 27, 2003.
Greg Wright, “French Fries? Mais Non, Congress Calls Em Freedom Fries,” Gannett News Service, March 12, 2003, www.gannettonline.com/gns/faceoff2/20030312-18100.shtml.
Serge Bellanger, “Of Wal-Marts, BMWs and Brie,” Chicago Tribune, April 27, 2003, 9.
George W. Bush, Camp David, Maryland, press briefing, September 16, 2001: “We’re going to do it. We will rid the world of the evildoers. We will call together freedom-loving people to fight terrorism. And so on this day of—on the Lord’s day, I say to my fellow Americans, thank you for your prayers, thank you for your compassion, thank you for your love for one another, and tomorrow when you get back to work, work hard like you always have. But we’ve been warned. We’ve been warned there are evil people in this world. We’ve been warned so vividly and we’ll be alert. Your government is alert. The governors and mayors are alert that evil folks still lurk out there.”
16. The Loneliness of Noam Chomsky
R. W. Apple, Jr., “Bush Appears in Trouble despite Two Big Advantages,” New York Times, August 4, 1988, A1. Bush made this remark in refusing to apologize for the shooting down of an Iranian passenger plane, killing 290 passengers. See Lewis Lapham, Theater of War (New York: New Press, 2002), 126.
Chomsky would be the first to point out that other pioneering media analysts include his frequent coauthor Edward Herman, Ben Bagdikian (whose 1983 classic The Media Monopoly recounts the suppression of Chomsky and Herman’s Counter-
Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact and Propaganda), and Herbert Schiller.
Paul Betts,“Ciampi Calls for Review of Media Laws,” Financial Times (London), July 24, 2002, 8. For an overview of Berlusconi’s holdings, see Ketupa.net Media Profiles: www.ketupa.net/berlusconi1.htm.
See Sabin Russell, “U.S. Push for Cheap Cipro Haunts AIDS Drug Dispute,” San Francisco Chronicle, November 8, 2001, A13; Frank Swoboda and Martha McNeil Hamilton, “Congress Passes $15 Billion Airline Bailout,” Washington Post, September 22, 2001, A1.
President George W. Bush, Jr., “President Bush’s Address on Terrorism before a Joint Meeting of Congress,” New York Times, September 21, 2001, B4.
Dan Eggen,“Ashcroft Invokes Religion in U.S. War on Terrorism,” Washington Post, February 20, 2002, A2.
President George W. Bush, Jr., “Bush’s Remarks on U.S. Military Strikes in Afghanistan,” New York Times, October 8, 2001, B6.
President George W. Bush, Jr., remarks at FBI Headquarters, Washington, DC, October 10, 2001, Federal Document Clearinghouse.
See Howard Zinn, A People’s History of the United States: 1492–Present, 20th anniv. ed. (New York: HarperCollins, 2001).
Bob Marley and N. G. Williams (aka King Sporty), “Buffalo Soldier.”
Noam Chomsky, “The Manufacture of Consent,” in The Chomsky Reader, ed. James Peck (New York: Pantheon, 1987), 121–22.
See Jim Miller, “Report from the Inferno,” Newsweek, September 7, 1981, 72; review of Committee for the Compilation of Materials on Damage Caused by the Atom
ic Bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Hiroshima and Nagasaki: The Physical, Medical, and Social Effects of the Atomic Bombings (New York: Basic, 1981).
David E. Sanger, “Bush to Formalize a Defense Policy of Hitting First,” New York Times, June 17, 2002, A1; David E. Sanger, “Bush Renews Pledge to Strike First to Counter Terror Threats,” New York Times, July 20, 2002, A3.
See Terence O’Malley, “The Afghan Memory Holds Little Room for Trust in U.S.,” Irish Times, October 15, 2001, 16.
Arnove, Iraq under Siege.
See Noam Chomsky, “Memories,” review of In Retrospect by Robert McNamara (New York: Times Books, 1995), Z Magazine (July–August 1995), www.zmag.org/.
“Myth and Reality in Bloody Battle for the Skies,” Guardian (London), October 13, 1998, 15.
Bill Keller, “Moscow Says Afghan Role Was Illegal and Immoral,” New York Times, October 24, 1989, A1.
Noam Chomsky, “Afghanistan and South Vietnam,” in Chomsky Reader, ed. Peck, 225.
Samuel P. Huntington, “The Bases of Accommodation,” Foreign Affairs 46, no. 4 (1968): 642–56. Quoted in Noam Chomsky, At War with Asia (New York: Vintage Books, 1970), 87.
Samuel P. Huntington, “The Clash of Civilizations?” Foreign Affairs 72, no. 3 (Summer 1993): 22–49.
Huntington, “The Bases of Accommodation,” quoted in Chomsky, At War with Asia, 87.
T. D. Allman, “The Blind Bombers,” Far Eastern Economic Review 75, no. 5 (January 29, 1972): 18–20, quoted in Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 72.
Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 72; Chomsky, At War with Asia, 87; and Lapham, Theater of War, 145.
T. D. Allman, “The War in Laos: Plain Facts,” Far Eastern Economic Review 75, no. 2 (January 8, 1972): 16ff.
Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 18. See also Noam Chomsky, “The Pentagon Papers as Propaganda and as History,” in The Pentagon Papers: The Defense Department History of United States Decisionmaking on Vietnam; The Senator Gravel Edition—Critical Essays, ed. Noam Chomsky and Howard Zinn (Boston: Beacon, 1971–72), 5:79–201.
Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 67, 70.
William Pfaff, Condemned to Freedom: The Breakdown of Liberal Society (New York: Random House, 1971), 75–77, quoted in Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 94.
Pfaff, Condemned to Freedom, 75–77, quoted in Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 94–95.
Pentagon Papers, 4:43, quoted in Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 67.
Philip Jones Griffiths, Vietnam Inc., 2nd ed. (New York: Phaidon, 2001), 210. First edition quoted in Chomsky, For Reasons of State, 3–4.
Noam Chomsky, interview with James Peck, in Chomsky Reader, ed. Peck, 14.
17. Confronting Empire
See Ranjit Devraj, “Asia’s ‘Outcast’ Hurt by Globalization,” Inter Press Service, January 6, 2003; Statesman News Service, “Farm Suicide Heat on Jaya,” Statesman (India), January 9, 2003; and “‘Govt. Policies Driving Farmers to Suicide,’” Times of India, February 4, 2002.
See “Govt.’s Food Policy Gets a Reality Check from States,” Indian Express, January 11, 2003; Parul Chandra, “Victims Speak of Hunger, Starvation across Country,” Times of India, January 11, 2003.
See “Democracy: Who Is She When She’s at Home?” 65–79, above; see also Pankaj Mishra, “The Other Face of Fanaticism,” New York Times, February 2, 2003, 42–46; Concerned Citizens Tribunal, Crime against Humanity: An Inquiry into the Carnage in Gujarat, 2 vols. (Mumbai: Citizens for Justice and Peace, 2002).
See Edward Luce, “Gujarat Win Likely to Embolden Hindu Right,” Financial Times (London), December 16, 2002, 8.
Oscar Olivera, “The War over Water in Cochabamba, Bolivia,” trans. Florencia Belvedere, presented at “Services for All?” Municipal Services Project Conference, South Africa, May 15–18, 2002.
Tom Lewis, “Contagion in Latin America,” International Socialist Review 24 (July–August 2002).
Julian Borger and Alex Bellos, “U.S. ‘Gave the Nod’ to Venezuelan Coup,” Guardian (London), April 17, 2002, 13.
David Sharrock, “Thousands Protest in Buenos Aires as Economic Woes Persist,” Times (London), December 21, 2002, 18.
See Mary McGrory, “‘A River of Peaceful People,’” Washington Post, January 23, 2003, A21.
18. Peace Is War: The Collateral Damage
of Breaking News
Mohammed Shehzad, “‘Killing Hindus’ Better than Dialogue with India:
Lashkar-e-Taiba Chief,” Agence France-Presse, April 3, 2003.
Ben H. Bagdikian, The New Media Monopoly (Boston: Beacon, 2004).
Edward Helmore, “Who Sets the TV Control? Battle Is Raging over a Decision to Allow US Media Giants to Own Even More,” Observer (London), June 8, 2003, 6.
Howard Rheingold, “From the Screen to the Streets,” In These Times, November 17, 2003, 34; Stephen Labaton, “Debate/Monopoly on Information: It’s a World of Media Plenty; Why Limit Ownership?” New York Times, October 12, 2003, 4.
See Connie Koch, 2/15: The Day the World Said No to War (New York: Hello NYC; Oakland: AK Press, 2004).
See Edward Luce, “Battle over Ayodhya Temple Looms,” Financial Times (London), February 2, 2002, 7.
Pankaj Mishra, “A Mediocre Goddess,” New Statesman, April 9, 2001; John Ward Anderson, “The Flame That Lit An Inferno: Hindu Leader Creates Anti-Muslim Frenzy,” Washington Post, August 11, 1993, A14. See also “Democracy: Who Is She When She’s at Home?” 65–79, above.
See “In Memory of Shankar Guha Niyogi.”
Raja Bose, “A River Runs Through It,” Times of India, February 25, 2001.
C. Rammanohar Reddy, “At Loggerheads over Resources,” Hindu, May 27, 2001; Kata Lee (Project Coordinator of Hotline Asia), “India: Unarmed Tribals Killed by Jharkhand Police,” Asian Center for the Progress of Peoples, Asian Human Rights Commission, March 3, 2003.
Gurbir Singh, “Guj[arat] Police Cane Protesters of NATELCO-UNOCAL Port,” Economic Times, April 12, 2000; “Human Rights Defenders Persecuted in India: Amnesty [International],” Press Trust of India, April 26, 2000. See also Rosa Basanti, “Villagers Take On Giant Port Project,” Inter Press Service, June 7, 2000.
Sanjay Kumar, “The Adivasis of Orissa,” Hindu, November 6, 2001; Anu Kumar, “Orissa: A Continuing Denial of Adivasi Rights,” InfoChange News and Features, Centre for Communication and Development Studies, November 2003. See also “When Freedom Is Trampled Upon,” Hindu, January 24, 1999.
Danielle Knight, “The Destructive Impact of Fish Farming,” Inter Press Service, October 13, 1999.
“Eviction of Tribals by Force in Kerala to Be Taken Up with NHRC,” Hindu, February 26, 2003.
On the Nagarnar attacks, see Kuldip Nayar, “Pushing the POTO,” Hindu, November 28, 2001.
People’s War Group (PWG), Maoist Communist Centre (MCC), Pakistan’s
Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
“Mr. [Vakkom] Purushothaman said he was of the view that the Adivasis who had ‘tried to establish a parallel government should have been suppressed or shot.’” Quoted in “Opposition Boycotts Assembly,” Hindu, February 22, 2003.
Mari Marcel Thekaekara, “What Really Happened,” Frontline, March 15–28, 2003.
Sanjay Nigam, Mangat Verma, and Chittaroopa Palit, “Fifteen Thousand Farmers Gather in Mandleshwar to Protest against Electricity Tariff Hikes in Madhya Pradesh,” Nimad Malwa Kisan Mazdoor Sangathan press release, February 27, 2003, www.narmada.org/nba-press-releases/february-2003/antitariff.html.
WCD Report, box 4.3, 104.
“The Greater Common Good” and “Power Politics,” above.
L. S. Aravinda, “Supreme Court Majority Judgment: Mockery of Modern India,” Association for India’s D
evelopment.
World Bank Water Resources Management Group, Water Resources Sector Strategy: Strategic Directions for World Bank Engagement (Washington, DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank, 2004), documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3030614/water-resources-sector-strategy-strategic-directions-world-bank-engagement; Peter Bosshard et al., “Gambling with People’s Lives: What the World Bank’s New ‘High-Risk/High-Reward’ Strategy Means for the Poor and the Environment,” Environmental Defense, Friends of the Earth and International Rivers Network, September 19, 2003. See also Carrieann Davies, “From the Editor: Back to the Future,” Water Power and Dam Construction, April 30, 2003, 3.
“Major Rivers to Be Linked by 2016,” Press Trust of India, December 17, 2002. See also Medha Patkar, ed., River Linking: A Millennium Folly? (Pune, India: National Alliance of People’s Movements/Initiative, 2004).
See “Tribals’ Promised Land Is Kerala Sanctuary,” Indian Express, February 6, 2003.
“Call to Prosecute Grasim Management for Pollution,” Business Line, February 1, 1999.
R. Krishnakumar, “Closure of Grasim Industries,” Frontline, July 21–August 3, 2001.
19. Instant-Mix Imperial Democracy
(Buy One, Get One Free)
Molly Moore, “The USS Vincennes and a Deadly Mistake: Highly Sophisticated Combat Ship at Center of Defense Department Investigation,” Washington Post, July 4, 1988, A23.
Apple, “Bush Appears in Trouble,” A1. See Lapham, Theater of War, 126.
Tyler and Elder, “Threats and Responses,” A1.
Dowd, “The Xanax Cowboy,” 13.
President George W. Bush, address to the nation, State Floor Cross Hallway, the White House, Federal News Service, March 17, 2003.
President George W. Bush, speech at the Cincinnati Museum Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, Federal News Service, October 7, 2002.