Two newspapers proved to be quite useful sources, the Frontier Scout and Union Vedette. Both were soldier newspapers, the former being published at Fort Rice, Dakota Territory, the latter at Camp Douglas, Utah. The Frontier Scout was filled with activities of the Galvanized Yankees at Rice as well as at other Missouri River forts. The Union Vedette, while primarily interested in Camp Douglas matters, also received telegraph news from the East, and it was common practice for military telegraphers along the Platte section guarded by Galvanized Yankees to dispatch items to the Vedette, especially news of events concerning soldiers.

  The following is a list of most of the published sources consulted.

  Adams, Charles W. Civil War Reminiscences Interestingly Told. Greenfield, Ohio, n. p., [1917?].

  Armes, George A. Ups and Downs of an Army Officer. Washington, D.C., n. p., 1900.

  Army and Navy Journal, 1864-66.

  Atwood, Evans. Diary, edited by W. J. Lemke. Arkansas Historical Quarterly, vol. 12, 1953, pp. 340-69.

  Bailey, W. F. The Story of the First Transcontinental Railroad. Pittsburgh, Pa., Pittsburgh Printing Co., 1906.

  Beach, James. “Old Fort Hays.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. XI, 1909-10, pp. 571-81.

  Bowles, Samuel. Across the Continent. Springfield, Mass., S. Bowles & Company, 1865.

  Butler, Benjamin F. Private and Official Correspondence. Norwood, Mass., Plimpton Press, 1917. 5 vols.

  Crawford, Lewis F. Rekindling Campfires. Bismarck, N.D., Capitol Book Co., 1926.

  Davis, Theodore R. “A Summer on the Plains.” Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, vol. 36, 1868, pp. 292-307.

  Dixon, Olive K. Life of Billy Dixon. Dallas, Tex., Southwest Press, 1927.

  Dodge, Grenville. The Battle of Atlanta and Other Campaigns. Council Bluffs, Iowa, Monarch Printing Co., 1911.

  Drips, J. H. Three Years Among the Indians in Dakota. Kemball, S.D., Brule Index, 1894.

  Easterwood, T. J. Lights and Shadows on the Big Horns. Dundee, Ore., Dundee Printing Co., 1881.

  Ellison, Robert S. Fort Bridger, Wyoming. Sheridan, Historical Landmark Commission of Wyoming, 1938.

  Frederick, J. B. Ben Holladay, the Stagecoach King. Glendale, Calif., A. H. Clark, 1940.

  Frontier Scout, 1865.

  Gallaher, William A. “Ho! for the Gold Mines of Montana; Up the Missouri in 1865,” edited by James E. Moss. Missouri Historical Review, vol. 57, 1963, pp. 156-83.

  Garfield, Marvin H. “The Military Post as a Factor in the Frontier Defense of Kansas, 1865-1869.” Kansas Historical Quarterly, vol. 1, 1931, pp. 50-62.

  Gatchell, T. J. “Life of John Ryan.” Annals of Wyoming, vol. 31, 1959, pp. 48-52.

  Gleed, Charles S. “Eugene Fitch Ware.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. XIII, 1913-14, pp. 19-41.

  Goss, Warren Lee. The Soldier’s Story. Boston, Lee and Shepard, 1871.

  Gray, John S. “Will Comstock—the Natty Bumppo of Kansas.” Westerners Brand Book, Chicago, vol. 18, 1962, pp. 89-96.

  Grigsby, Melvin. The Smoked Yank. Chicago, Regan Printing Co., 1891.

  Grinnell, George B. The Fighting Cheyennes. Norman, Okla., University of Oklahoma Press, 1956.

  Hafen, LeRoy R. The Overland Mail, 1849-1869. Cleveland, Ohio, A. H. Clark, 1926.

  Hafen, LeRoy R., and Ann W. Hafen. Powder River Campaigns. Glen-dale, Calif., A. H. Clark, 1961.

  Hagerty, L. W. “Indian Raids Along the Platte and Little Blue Rivers, 1864-65.” Nebraska History, vol. 28, 1947, pp. 176-86, 239-60.

  Harlow, Alvin F. Old Wires and New Waves, the History of the Telegraph, Telephone and Wireless. New York City, Appleton-Century, 1936.

  Hebard, Grace R., and E. A. Brininstool. The Bozeman Trail. Cleveland, Ohio, A. H. Clark, 1922. 2 vols.

  Holley, Frances. Once Their Home; or Our Legacy from the Dahkotahs. Chicago, Donohue, 1891.

  Holman, Albert M., and C. R. Marks. Pioneering in the Northwest. Sioux City, Iowa, Deitch & Lamar Co., 1924.

  Hull, Lewis B. “Soldiering on the High Plains, 1864-1866,” edited by Myra E. Hull. Kansas Historical Quarterly, vol. 7, 1938, pp. 3-35.

  Humfreville, J. Lee. Twenty Years Among Our Hostile Indians. New York City, Hunter and Co., 1903.

  Hyde, George E. Pawnee Indians. Denver, Colo., University of Denver Press, 1951.

  Jones, Robert H. The Civil War in the Northwest. Norman, Okla., University of Oklahoma Press, 1960.

  Keiley, A. M. In Vinculus, or the Prisoner of War. New York City, Blelock and Co., 1866.

  Kingsbury, George W. History of Dakota Territory. Chicago, S. J. Clarke, 1915.

  Mackey, William H. “Looking Backwards.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. 10, 1907-8, pp. 642-54.

  McMurtrie, Douglas C. “Pioneer Printing in North Dakota.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly, vol. 6, 1932, pp. 221-30.

  Malone, Bartlett Y. Diary. Chapel Hill, N.C., James Sprunt Historical Publications, University of North Carolina, vol. 16, no. 2, 1919.

  Mattison, Ray H. “Fort Rice—North Dakota’s First Missouri River Military Post.” North Dakota History, vol. 20, 1953, pp. 93-104.

  Meline, James F. Two Thousand Miles on Horseback. New York City, Hurd and Houghton, 1867.

  Minnich, J. A. Inside of Rock Island Prison, from December 1863 to June 1865. Nashville, Tenn., Publishing House of the M.E. Church, South, 1908.

  Mokler, Alfred J. Fort Caspar. Casper, Wyo., Prairie Pub. Co., 1939.

  Montgomery, Mrs. Frank C. “Fort Wallace and Its Relation to the Frontier.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. 17, 1926-28, pp. 189-283.

  Musgrove, Richard W. Autobiography, n. p., n. d.

  Myers, Frank. Soldiering in Dakota Among the Indians. Huron, S.D., Huronite Printing House, 1888.

  O’Reilly, Harrington. Fifty Years on the Trail. New York City, Warne, 1889.

  O’Rielly, Henry. Memorial of … Concerning Military Roads. New York City, January 8, 1858. Broadside.

  Palmer, H. E. “History of the Powder River Indian Expedition of 1865.” Nebraska State Historical Society, Transactions and Reports, vol. 2, 1887, pp. 197-229.

  Pattison, John J. “With the U.S. Army Along the Oregon Trail, 1863-66.” Nebraska History, vol. 15, 1934, pp. 79-93.

  Perkins, J. R. Trails, Rails and War; the Life of General G. M. Dodge. Indianapolis, Ind., Bobbs-Merrill, 1929.

  Reid, James D. The Telegraph in America. New York City, 1886.

  Richardson, Albert D. Beyond the Missisńppi. Hartford, Conn., American Pub. Co., 1867.

  Rogers, Fred B. Soldiers of the Overland. San Francisco, Calif., Grabhorn Press, 1938.

  Root, George A. “Reminiscences of William Darnell.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. 17, 1926-28, pp. 479-513.

  Rusling, James F. Across America. New York City, Sheldon and Co., 1874.

  Ryus, William H. The Second William Penn, a True Account of Incidents That Happened Along the Old Santa Fe Trail in the Sixties. Kansas City, Mo., Frank T. Riley Pub. Co., 1913.

  Spring, Agnes Wright. Caspar Collins. New York City, Columbia University Press, 1927.

  Stanley, Henry Morton. Autobiography. London, Sampson, Low, Marston and Co., 1913.

  Sturgis, Thomas. Prisoners of War, 1861-65. New York City, Putnam’s, 1912.

  Taylor, Joseph H. Sketches of Frontier and Indian Life. Bismarck, N.D., the author, 1897.

  Union Vedette, 1865-66.

  U.S. Congress, 39th. 1st sess. House Executive Document 58. Washington,

  D.C., 1866. U.S. Congress, 39th, 2nd sess. House Executive Document 20. Washington,

  DC, 1867.

  U.S. Congress, 39th. 2nd sess. House Executive Document 23. Washington, D.C., 1867.

  Walker, George M. “Eleventh Kansas Cavalry, 1865, and the Battle of Platte Bridge.” Kansas State Historical Society, Collections, vol. 14,

  1915-18, pp. 332-40. Ware, Eugene F. The Indian War of 1864. Topeka, Kan., Crane & Co., 1911.

  Waters, Willi
am E. Life Among the Mormons and a March to Their Zion. New York City, Moorhead, Simpson and Bond, 1868.

  Watkins, Albert. “History of Fort Kearney.” Nebraska State Historical Society, Collections, vol. 16, 1911, pp. 227-67.

  Welty, Raymond L. “The Army Fort of the Frontier.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly, vol. 2, 1928, pp. 155-67.

  Welty, Raymond L. “The Frontier Army on the Missouri River, 1860-1870.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly, vol. 2, 1928, pp. 85-99.

  Young, Charles E. Dangers of the Trail in 1865. Geneva, N.Y., Press of W. F. Humphrey, 1912.

  Index

  Adams, Charles, 184-85, 187-88, 202

  Adams, Enoch G., 7, 84, 87, 91, 94, 96, 100, 104, 106-7, 110-11

  Adams, S. H., 90

  Alabama troops, 72, 80, 122, 169, 180, 206, 210

  Alkali, Post, 44, 152, 159

  Allen, John P., 90

  Alton (Ill.) prison, 2, 9, 120-22, 215

  American Fur Company, 114

  American Ranche, 98

  Amusements, 20, 30, 51, 87, 100, 135, 138, 149-51, 158

  Anderson, Martin, 36-41

  Andersonville prison, 122, 213-14

  Animal life, 19, 32, 95, 104, 108, 171, 178, 193, 195, 198-99, 202, 207

  Arapaho Indians, 16, 41, 134, 184-85, 187-88

  Arickaree Indians, 114

  Arkansas, 54, 162

  Arkansas River, 46, 49-50, 53-54, 199, 208-9

  Arkansas troops, 122

  Armes, George A., 204

  Arms and ammunition, 36, 47, 51, 88, 105-7, 129, 133, 156, 171, 180, 187, 202

  Armstrong, William F., 48-50, 207-8

  Ash Creek, Kan., 52

  Atchison, Kan., 20, 192, 200

  Atchison (Kan.) Press, 5

  Atlantic Monthly, 164

  Atwood, Evans, 67-68

  Austin, Tex., 162, 168

  Badenhop, Conrad, 90, 100

  Bailey, George M., 140-41

  Balazic, M. Hyacinthe de, 109

  Ball, Edward, 201

  Balloon ascensions, 120

  Bartlett, William H., 18, 25-26

  Bassett, Adams, 114-15

  Bear Rib, 92-94

  Beaver Creek, Dakota Territory, 81

  Bedford County, Tenn., 74

  Belle Peoria (steamboat), 104

  Benson, Robert, 68

  Bent, Charles, 130-31, 159, 194

  Bent, George, 130-32, 194

  Bent, William, 130

  Benton Barracks, Mo., 61

  Bent’s Fort, 130

  Berkeley, Carter, 47

  Big Horn (steamboat), 109

  Big Laramie River, 160-61

  Big Sandy Station, Neb., 26, 28, 43, 145, 183

  Bijou Creek, Colo., 209

  Black, Leander, 169-70

  Blackburn, John, 80

  Black Hills, 126

  Bleadenhiser, William, 200

  Bluff Creek, 52

  Bodine, George, 185

  Boston Journal, 28

  Bowers, Corporal, 173-74

  Bowles, Samuel, 9, 11, 28, 30-31

  Boyer, Mitch, 186

  Bozeman Trail, 136, 138, 179

  Bragg, Braxton, 211

  Brazie, Henrie W., 173-76

  Bretney, Henry, 35-40

  Brewster, William R, 195-97

  Bridger, Jim, 3, 171, 186

  Bridgeŕs Ferry, 179-80

  Brown, John, 183

  Brown, Richard H., 152-53

  Brule Sioux, 155-57

  Buffington Island, Ohio, 163, 184

  Buntline, Ned, 202

  Bunton, John, 123

  Burch, Andrew, 104-5

  Butler, Benjamin, 8-9, 12, 65-68, 77-78, 94, 112, 117

  Butterfield, David A., 192, 197, 201

  Butterfield Overland Despatch, 3, 192, 194-96, 200-201

  Butt’s Ranche, 44 Buzzard, Martin, 123

  Caldwell, William, 185

  California, 3-4, 177, 201

  California troops, 6, 137, 147, 149-51, 157, 170

  Calloway County, Mo., 173

  Camp Butler, 111., 63

  Camp Chase (Ohio) prison, 2, 62, 143

  Camp Collins, Colo., 138, 145, 161

  Camp Douglas (Chicago) prison, 2, 4, 6, 55-56, 59, 64, 143-44, 147, 163-68, 205-6; conspiracy, 166-67, 172

  Camp Douglas, Utah, 6-7, 146-49, 151-52, 157-59, 170

  Camp Fry, Ill., 144, 168

  Camp Lawton, Ga., 213

  Camp Marshall, Wyo., 18, 171, 174-76

  Camp Morton (Ind.) prison, 2, 61, 64, 143, 163

  Camp Rankin, Colo., 18, 145

  Camp Wardwell, Colo., 18, 43, 138, 145, 152, 208-9

  Camp Wynkoop, Kan., 137, 208

  Campbell, George H, 169

  Campbell, Lafayette E., 17, 42-43

  Campbell, Va., 91

  Cannon Ball River, 87-88, 104

  Caraher, Andrew P., 8, 14, 45-48, 50

  Cardwell, Elizabeth, 71-72, 78-80, 90-91, 99-101

  Cardwell, Patrick, 71-72, 90, 99-100

  Carrington, Henry B., 136, 138, 159, 179

  Carson, Kit, 52

  Carter, William A., 158

  Castle Rock Station, Kan., 194

  Champney, Charles, 94

  Charles City, Va., 71

  Charleston, S.C., 211-12, 214

  Chattanooga, Tenn., 206

  Chavis Creek, Kan., 48

  Cheyenne Indians, 16, 21, 27-28, 32-34, 38, 41, 89, 97-99, 126, 128-32, 159, 183-84, 189-90, 194, 202-3, 208

  Cheyenne River, 126-27

  Chicago, 111., 2, 4-6, 15, 55-56, 59, 64, 73, 120, 143-44, 147, 163-68, 191, 205-6

  Chivington, J. M., 16, 28, 130

  Chouteau, Charles, 114

  Cimarron Crossing, 50, 207

  Cincinnati, Ohio, 165, 167-68, 172

  Clarke County, Miss., 169

  Cloud, William F., 52

  Cody, William F., 3, 29, 202

  Cole, Nelson, 185, 189

  Colfax, Schuyler, 28

  Collins, Caspar, 37-39, 41-42

  Colorado, 4-5, 10, 16-19, 21, 25, 32-34, 42-44, 48, 59, 97-98, 111, 119, 137-39, 143-46, 152, 159-61, 169-70, 179, 182, 192, 205, 208-9

  Colorado troops, 16, 18; 2nd Cavalry, 47, 51

  Columbus, Neb., 152

  Columbus, Ohio, 120, 190

  Comanche Indians, 16, 46, 50, 53

  Comstock, William, 202-3

  Confederate troops, 1st Foreign Battalion, 216

  Confederate War Department, 211, 214, 216

  Connecticut troops, 122

  Connor, Benjamin M., 181-83

  Connor, Francis, 87

  Connor, Patrick, 3, 5, 17, 21, 26-28, 30, 33, 41-42, 50, 52, 127, 132-34, 137, 145-46, 148-49, 151, 157, 170-71, 185-87, 189-90

  Continental (steamship), 71-72

  Cooper, James Fenimore, 202

  Cottonwood, Post, 17-18, 21, 23, 25, 44, 145, 152

  Courts-martial, 74-77, 90, 141, 182

  Cowgill, John, 46, 50

  Crawford, William, 182-83

  Creighton, Edward, 177-78

  Cronan, Jeremiah, 88-89

  Crow Creek Agency, 78-79

  Cumbey, John, 91

  Curtis, Samuel R., 15

  Custard, Amos, 35-37, 40-41

  Custer, George A., 107, 118, 203

  Cutter (steamboat), 99

  Cypress Bend, Ark., 54

  Dakota Territory, 5, 7, 10, 34, 52, 73, 78-118, 123-24, 126, 193

  Dakota troops, 1st Cavalry, 125, 127-28, 132

  Dana, Daniel, 126-27, 134, 136-37

  Darnell, William, 4, 45, 47

  Davis, Theodore R., 195-96, 203

  Davis County, Ky., 136

  Deer Creek Station, Wyo., 41, 171, 178

  Deer Lodge (steamboat), 91, 95

  Denver, Colo., 5, 10, 16-17, 21, 59, 111, 138, 145, 160, 192, 209

  Denver (Colo.) News, 42

  Desertions, 2, 44-45, 72-74, 90, 110, 113, 123-25, 135-36, 142, 147, 169-70, 181, 183, 205, 209-10, 214

  Dimon, Charles
A. R., 8, 68, 71-90, 92-94, 97, 100-103, 107, 110-11, 144, 191, 193

  Diseases, 80, 82-83, 86-87, 89-90, 92, 99, 135

  Dixon, Billy, 33

  Dobytown, Neb., 30, 181

  Dodge, Grenville M., 6, 9, 16-17, 25, 43, 47, 50, 119-21, 126, 132-33, 137, 144, 192, 215

  Dodge City, Kan., 46

  Dowdy, William C, 74-76, 78, 90

  Downer’s Station, Kan., 194

  Drew, William, 41

  Drips, J. H., 80

  Durham, Edwin, 83

  Dyer County, Tenn., 160

  Echo Canyon, Utah, 147

  Effie Deans (steamboat), 73-76, 78, 81, 90, 95

  Egypt, Miss., 122, 214

  Elizabeth City, N.C., 68

  Ellison, David, 43

  Elm Creek Station, 23, 25

  Elston, Charles, 154

  Enright, Michael, 135

  Eubanks, Lucinda, 33-34, 99, 184

  Eubanks, William, 183

  Ezekiel, David, 161

  Fay, Alfred, 71, 74-76

  Ferguson, John, 135

  Ferrier, Thomas, 172-76

  Ferril, Thomas J., 5

  Fetterman Massacre, 159

  Fields, Jefferson, 23-27

  Fleet Foot, 153-56

  Flood, R. E., 204

  Florence, S.C., 212

  Florida troops, 72, 135

  Flynn, Peter J., 24-25

  Food, 31, 79, 82, 86, 114, 116, 131, 150-51, 158, 185, 190, 193, 198, 200

  Ford, James, 47

  Fort Abercrombie, 191

  Fort Abraham Lincoln, 118

  Fort Benton, 91

  Fort Berthold, 10, 83, 85-86, 91-92, 94, 99, 109, 114-15, 117

  Fort Bridger, 5, 10, 147, 158-59, 161

  Fort Caspar, 136, 152, 172

  Fort Collins. See Camp Collins

  Fort Connor, 133, 135, 187, 190

  Fort Dodge, 3, 5, 10, 28, 46-50, 137, 207-8

  Fort Donelson, 55

  Fort Ellsworth, 10, 45-46, 48, 121, 207

  Fort Fletcher, 192-93, 199-201, 204

  Fort Halleck, 138, 145, 159-60, 184-85, 202

  Fort Hays, 192

  Fort Jefferson, 168

  Fort John Buford, 138, 160-61

  Fort Kearney, 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17-18, 23, 25-26, 28-30, 42-45, 134, 136-41, 143-45, 152, 158-59, 161, 169, 179-81, 183-84, 208

  Fort Kearney (Neb.) Herald, 190

  Fort Laramie, 4, 8, 10, 17-19, 33, 35, 37-38, 42-43, 126-29, 132-38, 140, 145-47, 152-56, 159, 161, 169-73, 175-76, 179-82, 184-85, 190, 208, 210

  Fort Larned, 4-5, 45-47, 49-53, 120, 207

  Fort Leavenworth, 2, 4, 15-16, 23-25, 44-45, 47, 50, 52-53, 59, 109, 111, 117-22, 142-45, 161, 169, 183, 185, 187, 190, 192-93, 203-6, 210

  Fort Lyon, 10, 48, 138, 142, 161, 208-9; description of, 209-10