Pabodie and I prepared to close our base for a short or long period, as the case might be. If we wintered in the antarctic we would probably fly straight from Lake’s base to the Arkham without returning to this spot. Some of our conical tents had already been reinforced by blocks of hard snow, and now we decided to complete the job of making a permanent Esquimau[226] village. Owing to a very liberal tent supply, Lake had with him all that his base would need[227] even after our arrival. I wirelessed that Pabodie and I would be ready for the northwestward move after one day’s work and one night’s rest.
Our labours,[228] however, were not very steady after 4 p.m.;[229] for about that time Lake began sending in the most extraordinary and excited messages. His working day had started unpropitiously;[230] since an aëroplane survey of the nearly exposed[231] rock surfaces shewed[232] an entire absence of those archaean[233] and primordial strata for which he was looking, and which formed so great a part of the colossal peaks that loomed up at a tantalising[234] distance from the camp.[235] Most of the rocks glimpsed were apparently Jurassic and Comanchian sandstones and Permian and Triassic schists, with now and then a glossy black outcropping suggesting a hard and slaty coal.[236] This rather discouraged Lake, whose plans all hinged on unearthing specimens more than 500[237] million years older. It was clear to him that in order to recover the archaean[238] slate vein in which he had found the odd markings, he would have to make a long sledge trip from these foothills to the steep slopes of the gigantic mountains themselves.
He had resolved, nevertheless, to do some local boring as part of the expedition’s general programme;[239] hence[240] set up the drill and put five men to work with it while the rest finished settling the camp and repairing the damaged aëroplane. The softest visible rock—a sandstone about a quarter of a mile from the camp—had been chosen for the first sampling; and the drill made excellent progress without much supplementary blasting.[241] It was about three hours afterward, following the first really heavy blast of the operation, that the shouting of the drill crew was heard; and that young Gedney—the acting foreman—rushed into the camp with the startling news.
They had struck a cave. Early in the boring the sandstone had given place to a vein of Comanchian limestone[242] full of minute fossil cephalopods, corals, echini, and spirifera, and with occasional suggestions of siliceous sponges and marine vertebrate bones—the latter probably of teliosts,[243] sharks, and ganoids.[244] This in itself[245] was important enough, as affording the first vertebrate fossils the expedition had yet secured; but when shortly afterward the drill-head[246] dropped through the stratum into apparent vacancy, a wholly new and doubly intense wave of excitement spread among the excavators.[247] A good-sized blast had laid open the subterrene[248] secret; and now, through a jagged aperture perhaps five feet across and three feet thick, there yawned before the avid searchers a section of shallow limestone hollowing worn more than fifty million years ago by the trickling ground waters of a bygone tropic world.
The hollowed layer was not more than seven or eight feet deep,[249] but extended off indefinitely in all directions and had a fresh, slightly moving air which suggested its membership in an extensive subterranean system. Its roof and floor were abundantly equipped with large stalactites and stalagmites, some of which met in columnar form; but[250] important above all else was the vast deposit of shells and bones[251] which in places nearly choked the passage. Washed down from unknown jungles of Mesozoic tree-ferns[252] and fungi, and forests of Tertiary[253] cycads, fan-palms,[254] and primitive angiosperms, this osseous medley contained representatives of more Cretaceous, Eocene,[255] and other animal species than the greatest palaeontologist[256] could have counted or classified in a year. Molluscs, crustacean armour,[257] fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and early mammals—great and small, known and unknown.[258] No wonder Gedney ran back to the camp shouting, and no wonder everyone[259] else dropped work and rushed headlong through the biting cold to where the tall derrick marked a new-found gateway to secrets of inner earth and vanished aeons.
When Lake had satisfied the first keen edge of his curiosity he scribbled a message in his notebook and had young Moulton run back to the camp to despatch[260] it by wireless. This was my first word of the discovery, and it told of the identification of early shells, bones of ganoids and placoderms, remnants of labyrinthodonts and thecodonts,[261] great mososaur[262] skull fragments, dinosaur vertebrae and armour-plates,[263] pterodactyl teeth and wing-bones,[264] archaeopteryx debris,[265] Miocene[266] sharks’ teeth, primitive bird-skulls, and skulls, vertebrae, and other[267] bones of archaic mammals such as palaeotheres,[268] xiphodons,[269] dinocerases,[270] eohippi, oreodons,[271] and titanotheres.[272] There was nothing as recent as a mastodon, elephant, true camel, deer, or bovine animal; hence Lake concluded that the last deposits had occurred during the Oligocene age,[273] and that the hollowed stratum had lain in its present dried, dead, and inaccessible state for at least thirty million years.
On the other hand, the prevalence of very early life-forms[274] was singular in the highest degree. Though the limestone formation was, on the evidence of such typical imbedded fossils as ventriculites, positively and unmistakably Comanchian and not a particle earlier;[275] the free fragments in the hollow space included a surprising proportion from organisms hitherto considered as peculiar to far older periods—even rudimentary fishes, molluscs,[276] and corals as remote as the Silurian or Ordovician.[277] The inevitable inference was that in this part of the world there had been a remarkable and unique degree of continuity between the life of over 300[278] million years ago and that of only thirty million years ago. How far this continuity had extended beyond the Oligocene age[279] when the cavern was closed,[280] was of course past all speculation. In any event, the coming of the frightful ice in the Pleistocene some 500,000[281] years ago—a mere yesterday as compared with the age of this cavity—must have put an end to any of the primal forms which had locally managed to outlive their common terms.
Lake was not content to let his first message stand, but had another bulletin written and despatched[282] across the snow to the camp before Moulton could get back. After that Moulton stayed at the wireless in one of the planes;[283] transmitting to me—and to the Arkham for relaying to the outside world—the frequent postscripts which Lake sent him by a succession of messengers.[284] Those who followed the newspapers will remember the excitement created among men of science by that afternoon’s reports—reports which have finally led, after all these years,[285] to the organisation[286] of that very Starkweather-Moore Expedition which I am so anxious to dissuade from its purposes. I had better give the messages literally as Lake sent them, and as our base operator McTighe translated them from his[287] pencil shorthand.[288]
“Fowler makes discovery of highest importance in sandstone and limestone fragments from blasts. Several distinct triangular striated prints like those in archaean[289] slate, proving that source survived from over 600[290] million years ago to Comanchian times without more than moderate morphological changes and decrease in average size.[291] Comanchian prints apparently more primitive or decadent, if anything, than older ones. Emphasise[292] importance of discovery in press. Will mean to biology what Einstein has meant to mathematics and physics. Joins up with my previous work and amplifies conclusions. Appears[293] to indicate, as I suspected, that earth has seen whole cycle or cycles of organic life before known one that begins with archaeozoic[294] cells. Was evolved and specialised[295] not later than[296] thousand million years ago, when planet was young and recently uninhabitable for any life-forms[297] or normal protoplasmic structure. Question arises when, where, and how development took place.”[298]
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“Later. Examining certain skeletal fragments of large land and marine saurians and primitive mammals, find singular local wounds or injuries to bony structure not attributable to any known predatory or carnivorous animal of any period. Of two sorts—straight, penetrant bores, and apparently h
acking incisions. One or two cases of cleanly severed bone.[299] Not many specimens affected. Am sending to camp for electric torches. Will extend search area underground by hacking away stalactites.”[300]
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“Still later. Have found peculiar soapstone fragment about six inches across and an inch and a half thick, wholly unlike any visible local formation. Greenish,[301] but no evidences to place its period. Has curious smoothness and regularity. Shaped like five-pointed star with tips broken off, and signs of other cleavage at inward angles and in centre of surface. Small, smooth depression in centre[302] of unbroken surface. Arouses much curiosity as to source and weathering. Probably some freak of water action. Carroll, with magnifier, thinks he can make out additional markings of geologic significance. Groups of tiny dots in regular patterns. Dogs growing uneasy as we work, and seem to hate this soapstone. Must see if it has any peculiar odour.[303] Will report again when Mills gets back with light and we start on underground area.”[304]
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“10:15 p.m.[305] Important discovery. Orrendorf and Watkins, working underground at 9:45 with light, found monstrous barrel-shaped fossil of wholly unknown nature; probably vegetable unless overgrown specimen of unknown marine radiata. Tissue evidently preserved by mineral salts. Tough as leather, but astonishing flexibility retained in places. Marks of broken-off[306] parts at ends and around sides. Six feet end to end, 3.5 feet central diameter, tapering to 1[307] foot at each end. Like a barrel with five bulging ridges in place of staves. Lateral breakages, as of thinnish stalks, are at equator in middle of these ridges. In furrows between ridges are curious growths. Combs[308] or wings that fold up and spread out like fans. All greatly damaged but one, which gives almost 7-foot[309] wing spread. Arrangement reminds one of certain monsters of primal myth, especially fabled Elder Things in ‘Necronomicon’. These[310] wings seem to be membraneous,[311] stretched on framework[312] of glandular tubing. Apparent minute orifices in frame tubing at wing tips. Ends of body shrivelled,[313] giving no clue to interior or to what has been broken off there. Must dissect when we get back to camp. Can’t decide whether vegetable or animal. Many features obviously of almost incredible primitiveness. Have set all hands cutting stalactites and looking for further specimens. Additional scarred bones found, but these must wait. Having trouble with dogs. They can’t endure the new specimen, and would probably tear it to pieces if we didn’t keep it at a distance from them.”[314]
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“11:30 p.m.[315] Attention, Dyer, Pabodie, Douglas. Matter of highest—I might say transcendent—importance. Arkham must relay to Kingsport Head Station at once. Strange barrel growth is the archaean[316] thing that left prints in rocks. Mills, Boudreau, and Fowler discover cluster of thirteen more at underground point forty feet from aperture. Mixed with curiously rounded and configured soapstone fragments smaller than one previously found—star-shaped[317] but no marks of breakage except at some of the points. Of[318] organic specimens, eight apparently perfect, with all appendages. Have brought all to surface, leading off dogs to distance. They cannot stand the things. Give close attention to description and repeat back for accuracy. Papers must get this right.
“Objects[319] are eight feet long all over. Six-foot[320] five-ridged barrel torso 3.5 feet central diameter, 1[321] foot end diameters. Dark grey,[322] flexible, and infinitely tough. Seven-foot membraneous[323] wings of same colour,[324] found folded, spread out of furrows between ridges. Wing framework tubular or glandular, of lighter grey,[325] with orifices at wing tips. Spread wings have serrated edge. Around equator, one at central apex of each of the five vertical, stave-like ridges,[326] are five systems of light-grey[327] flexible arms or tentacles found tightly folded to torso but expansible to maximum length of over 3[328] feet. Like arms of primitive crinoid. Single stalks 3[329] inches diameter branch after 6[330] inches into five sub-stalks,[331] each of which branches after 8[332] inches into five[333] small, tapering tentacles or tendrils, giving each stalk a total of 25[334] tentacles.
“At[335] top of torso blunt[336] bulbous neck of lighter grey[337] with gill-like suggestions[338] holds yellowish five-pointed starfish-shaped apparent head covered with 3-inch[339] wiry cilia of various prismatic colours. Head[340] thick and puffy, about 2[341] feet point to point, with 3-inch[342] flexible yellowish tubes projecting from each point. Slit in exact centre[343] of top probably breathing aperture. At end of each tube is spherical expansion where yellowish membrane rolls back on handling to reveal glassy, red-irised globe, evidently an eye. Five[344] slightly longer reddish tubes start from inner angles of starfish-shaped head and end in sac-like[345] swellings of same colour which upon pressure[346] open to bell-shaped orifices 2[347] inches maximum diameter and lined with sharp[348] white tooth-like projections. Probable[349] mouths. All these tubes, cilia, and points of starfish-head[350] found folded tightly down; tubes and points clinging to bulbous neck and torso. Flexibility surprising despite vast toughness.
“At[351] bottom of torso[352] rough but dissimilarly functioning counterparts of head arrangements exist. Bulbous light-grey pseudo-neck,[353] without gill suggestions, holds greenish five-pointed starfish-arrangement.[354] Tough,[355] muscular arms 4 feet long and tapering from 7[356] inches diameter at base to about 2.5[357] at point. To each point is attached small end of a greenish five-veined membraneous[358] triangle 8 inches long and 6[359] wide at farther end. This is the paddle, fin, or pseudo-foot[360] which has made prints in rocks from a thousand million to 50 or 60[361] million years old. From[362] inner angles of starfish-arrangement[363] project 2-foot[364] reddish tubes tapering from 3 inches diameter at base to 1[365] at tip. Orifices at tips. All these parts infinitely tough and leathery, but extremely flexible. Four-foot arms with paddles undoubtedly used for locomotion of some sort, marine or otherwise. When moved, display suggestions of exaggerated muscularity. As found, all these projections tightly folded over pseudo-neck[366] and end of torso, corresponding to projections at other end.
“Cannot[367] yet assign positively to animal or vegetable kingdom, but odds now favour[368] animal. Probably represents incredibly advanced evolution of radiata without loss of certain primitive features. Echinoderm resemblances unmistakable despite local contradictory evidences. Wing[369] structure puzzles in view of probable[370] marine habitat, but may have use in water navigation. Symmetry is curiously vegetable-like,[371] suggesting vegetable’s essentially[372] up-and-down structure rather than animal’s fore-and-aft structure. Fabulously early date of evolution, preceding even simplest archaean protozoa[373] hitherto known, baffles all conjecture as to origin.
“Complete[374] specimens have such uncanny resemblance to certain creatures of primal myth that suggestion of ancient existence outside antarctic becomes inevitable. Dyer and Pabodie have read ‘Necronomicon’[375] and seen Clark Ashton Smith’s nightmare paintings based on text, and will understand when I speak of Elder Things supposed to have created all earth-life[376] as jest or mistake. Students have always thought conception formed from morbid imaginative treatment of very ancient tropical radiata. Also like prehistoric folklore things Wilmarth has spoken of—Cthulhu cult appendages, etc.
“Vast[377] field of study opened. Deposits probably of late Cretaceous or early Eocene period, judging from associated specimens. Massive stalagmites deposited above them. Hard work hewing out, but toughness prevented damage. State of preservation miraculous, evidently owing to limestone action. No more found so far, but will resume search later. Job now to get fourteen[378] huge specimens to camp without dogs, which bark furiously and can’t be trusted near them. With[379] nine men—three left to guard the dogs—we ought to manage the three sledges fairly well, though wind is bad. Must establish plane communication with McMurdo Sound and begin shipping material. But I’ve got to dissect one of these things before we take any rest. Wish I had a real laboratory here. Dyer better kick himself for having tried to stop my westward trip. First the world’s g
reatest mountains, and then this. If this last isn’t the high spot of the expedition, I don’t know what is. We’re made scientifically. Congrats, Pabodie, on the drill that opened up the cave. Now will Arkham please repeat description?”[380]
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The sensations of Pabodie and myself at receipt of this report were almost beyond description, nor were our companions much behind us in enthusiasm. McTighe, who had hastily translated a few high spots as they came from the droning receiving set, wrote out the entire message from his shorthand version[381] as soon as Lake’s operator signed off.[382] All appreciated the epoch-making significance of the discovery, and I sent Lake congratulations as soon as the Arkham’s operator had repeated back the descriptive parts as requested; and my example was followed by Sherman from his station at the McMurdo Sound supply cache, as well as by Capt.[383] Douglas of the Arkham.[384] Later, as head of the expedition, I added some remarks to be relayed through the Arkham to the outside world. Of course, rest was an absurd thought amidst this excitement; and my only wish was to get to Lake’s camp as quickly as I could. It disappointed me when he sent word that a rising mountain gale made early aërial travel impossible.
But within an hour and a half interest again rose to banish disappointment. Lake was sending more messages, and[385] told of the completely[386] successful transportation of the fourteen great specimens to the camp. It had been a hard pull, for the things were surprisingly heavy; but nine men had accomplished it very neatly. Now some of the party were hurriedly building a snow corral at a safe distance from the camp, to which the dogs could be brought for greater convenience in feeding. The specimens were laid out on the hard snow near the camp, save for one on which Lake was making crude attempts at dissection.