New Zealand, in British Empire, 20
Niitsitapi, 288–90, 300–301
Norse-Celts, 5
Nugent, Robert, 246, 254
O
Oath of Supremacy, 24
Obama, Barack, 80
O’Brien, Henry, 251
O’Connell, Daniel, xiv, 23–26
death of, 55
inspired by Washington, 318
on Meagher, 35–36
Meagher on, 44–45
on slavery, 161–62
statue of, 315
trap set for Meagher, 46–48
trial and conviction of, 27
Whigs and, 50–51
Young Ireland and, 29
O’Doherty, Kevin
Eva Kelly and, 98, 107, 148, 158, 361
later life of, 316
pardoned, 148–49
in Tasmania, 98–99, 106–8
O’Donoghue, Patrick, 75–81, 86
death of, 260
escape and death of, 146
in Tasmania, 98
Balfe found by, 109–10
O’Gorman, Richard, 135–36, 303
eulogy for Meagher, 307–8, 313
influence of, 315
O’Keeffe, Cornelius, 297
O’Meagher, Thomas Francis. See Meagher, Thomas Francis
O’Neil, Hugh, 279–80
O’Neill, John, 294
O’Neill, Owen Roe, 29
P
paddy wagon, 167
Pale, the, 7, 14–15
Palmerston, Lord (Henry John Temple), 148, 193
Peel, Robert, 26, 32, 33–34, 44
Penal Laws (Ireland), 10–12, 13–14, 20, 24
Pepper, George, 56, 261, 282
Pfouts, Paris, 278
Pickett, George, 239
Pierce, Elliot, 243–44
Pierce, Franklin, 143–44
Pizanthia, José, 275–76
Plantation of Ireland, 8–9
Plummer, Henry, 274–75
poetry
by McCarter, 230–31
by Meagher, 29, 35, 86, 114
political, 27–31, 51–52
by Speranza, 38–39, 48, 51–52, 57, 61
by Whitman, 174, 176, 187, 240, 264–65
Porter, Fitz John, 208–9
potato. See also Great Hunger
blight, 31–34, 36–37, 73
famine and, 36–47
as food mainstay, 31–32
introduction of in Ireland, 12–13
“Prison Thoughts” (Meagher), 78–79
Q
Quakers, 42, 53
R
Raleigh, Walter, 12
Raleigh Banner, 177
Red Cloud, 289–90, 300–301, 307
Reformation, 12
religious freedom. See also Catholic Church
in Ireland, 3, 5
Kennedy on, 318
Meagher on, 164, 280, 290–91
Renaissance, 12
Republican Party
Emancipation Proclamation’s effects on, 232
Lincoln in, 161
in presidential campaign of 1856, 162–63, 169–70
radical, 276, 290
Reynolds, Laurence, 244
Richard II, king of England, 5
Richardson, Israel B., 201, 225
Richmond, Henry, 253
Richmond, Virginia, 198
abandoned by Confederates, 264
Battle of Fair Oaks, 202–6
Confederate capital moved to, 177–78
Seven Days Battles, 208–12
Rock of Cashel, 74
Roman Catholic Relief Act (Ireland), 24–25
Roman Empire, 6
Roosevelt, Theodore, Sr., 251
Rosenbaum, lynching of, 298
Ross, Tasmania, 93–94
Routh, Randolph, 42
Russell, John, 44–46, 50–51, 54, 55
S
Saint Patrick, 5
Sanders, Helen, 310–11
Sanders, Wilbur, 275, 276
in Daniels lynching, 285–86
death of, 314
election defeat of, 296
at Fort Benton, 302
as Freemason, 280–81
influence of, 310–11
on Meagher’s death, 305–6, 308, 311–14
as Meagher’s killer, 315
threats against Meagher, 291–92
Washington trip by, 297–98
Sarsfield, Patrick, 135–36
Scotch-Irish people, 8–9
Seven Days Battles, 208–12
Seward, William H., 269, 270, 291
Sherman, William Tecumseh, xiii–xiv, 178
at Bull Run, 180–88
on conflict with Indians, 290, 300–301
contempt of for Irish, 178, 179–80, 187
on the Irish at Bull Run, 186, 187
in Lincoln’s reelection, 261
march to the sea, 259–60, 264
Meagher and, 186, 259–60, 263
mental health of, 260
Shiloh, Battle of, 200–201
Sicily, revolt in, 58–59
Sims, Job, 119
Singapore, in British Empire, 20
Sioux, 289–90, 300–301, 307
69th New York State Militia, 175–77
at Bull Run, 180–88
Irish Brigade and, 190
Lincoln’s visit to, 187–88
Meagher’s visit to wounded in, 189
Sherman on, 186, 187
slavery
abolished in England, 20
abolitionism and, 160–61
Confederate constitution on, 170–71
Dred Scott decision and, 160–61, 169
economics of, 161, 165–66
Emancipation Proclamation and, 217–18, 227, 244–45
of Irish, 88
Irish attitudes toward, 161–62, 165, 166–67, 170, 217–18
job competition and, 161, 165, 170
in lead-up to Civil War, 160–71
Middle Passage in, 87
Mitchel’s support of, 147–48
presidential campaign of 1856 and, 162–63
Thirteenth Amendment ending, 264
in transportation, 91
Slavery Abolition Act (England), 20
Slievenamon, Ireland, 66–67
Smith, Green Clay, 297, 301, 306
Smith O’Brien, Lucy, 145
Smith O’Brien, William, 30
arrested, 46, 60, 62
in Ballingarry, 72–73
on Bennett, 110–11, 139
betrayed by Balfe, 72–73
death of, 260
escape plans for, 99–101
on the famine, 39–40
as fugitive, 68, 70
on Maria Island, 93, 96–97, 98–99
on Meagher’s oratory, 143–44
on Mitchel, 166
moved to Port Arthur, 100–101
pardoned, 148–49
on slavery, 162, 166, 256
statue of, 315
Tasmania constitution by, 115
transported, 86, 146
trial of, 75–81
trip to France, 60–61
uprising encouraged by, 63–64
Smyth, Patrick J., 26, 69, 79
escape plans by, 99
influence of, 315–16
in Mitchel’s escape, 146–47
in New York, 140
Sorell, William, 90–91
soup kitchens, 50
South Africa, in British Empire, 20, 87
Soyer, Alexis, 50
Spenser, Edmund, 8
Speranza (boat), 99, 112
Speranza (Jane Francesca Elgee), 30–31, 46
affair with Meagher, 52
on Ballingarry, 72–73
on the famine, 38–39, 57, 61
influence of, 303
insurrection encouraged by, 67, 78
marriage of, 99
on Meagher, 48, 51–52
at Meagher’s trial, 76
>
mother of Oscar Wilde, 99, 262
in Nashville, 262
poetry by, 38–39, 52, 57, 61
on rebellion, 69
Stanton, Edwin M., 247–48
Statutes of Kilkenny (Ireland), 6–7, 10
Steedman, James B., 263
Stephens, Alexander H., 171
Sterling Iron Works, 153–59
St. John’s College, 140
Stonyhurst College, 16–20, 22–23
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 147, 165
Strong, George Templeton, 255
Sully, Alfred, 241
Sumner, Charles, 160
Sumner, Edwin V. “Bull,” 204, 210, 212, 215, 223
Swanly (frigate), 9
Swift (brig), 81–87, 90, 91
T
Tammany Hall, 99, 133, 143, 165
Taney, Roger B., 161, 170
Tasmania, 80–81
Balfe in, 102–3, 109–10
beauty of, 91–92, 94–95
class system in, 104–5, 115–16
conditions in, 90–91
escape plans from, 99–101, 111–12, 123–24, 140
gold rush to, 124–25
hard labor in, 108
journey to, 81–87
limited freedom of prisoners in, 92–93
Meagher on, 292
Mitchel moved to, 105–8
Mitchel’s escape from, 146–48
O’Donoghue’s escape from, 146
self-government granted to, 108–9, 114–15
sharks in, 120–21
tiger snakes in, 122–23
transportation ended to, 125
women in, 94
Taylor, Zachary, 100
temperance movement, 24, 36, 142–43
Thirteenth Amendment, 264
Tiger Rifles, 208–9, 210–11
Times (London), 41, 87, 186
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 10, 37
Tolkien, J.R.R., 17
Toombs, Robert, 161
Townsend, Alice, 154, 295
Townsend, Elizabeth. See Meagher, Elizabeth Townsend
Townsend, Peter, 154–55, 159, 173, 268, 293
Trail of Tears, 40
transportation, punishment by, 62–63. See also Tasmania
end of, 90–91, 125, 127
escapes from, 123–24
living conditions in, 88
numbers in, 85, 90
public opinion against, 100, 109
the “stain” from, 90, 104–5, 115–16
of Young Ireland leaders, 80–81
Treason Felony Act (Ireland), 62
Tredegar Iron Works, 178
Trevelyan, Charles, 40–44, 58, 66
Trinity College (Dublin), 19
Tunison, Ron, 319
Tuttle, Daniel, 295
typhus, 220
in Civil War, 201, 220, 221
on immigration ships, 87–88
in Ireland, 54, 57
Willie Lincoln’s death from, 243
U
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe), 147, 165
United States
Constitution, 164, 264
gold rushes, 268–69
immigration laws, 151
Irish emigration to, 87–88
lead-up to Civil War in, 160–71
Meagher’s arrival and welcome in, 134–41
Meagher’s first speech in, 140
nativism in, 136, 141–43, 150–51
western settlement of, 216, 268–69
Upson, Gad E., 288, 289
V
Van Diemen’s Land. See Tasmania
Vermet, Paul, 282
Victoria (ship), 100
Victoria, queen of England, 80, 108–9, 316
Vigilance Committee (Montana), xiii
killings by, 274–76, 277–78, 283–86, 296, 298
Meagher on, 293–94
Sanders’s version of history of, 310–11
smear campaign by, 281
threats against Meagher by, 286, 298
Virginia City, Montana, xiii–xiv, 277, 292–94
Virginius, 113–14
W
Walsh, Thomas, 72
Washington, D.C., 177
battle spectators from, 180–81, 185
Washington, George, 46, 199, 318
Waterford, Ireland, 4–5
invaded by Henry II, 6
Meagher (father) as mayor of, 23
Meagher family’s return to, 13–14
on nationalist movement in Montana, 294
statue of Meagher in, 319
Waterhouse Island, 120–23, 124–26
West, William, 269
West Indies, 88
Whitman, Walt, 174, 176, 187, 240, 264–65
Whitney, Eli, 165–66
Widow McCormack’s Cabbage Patch, Battle of, 72–73, 201–2
Wilde, Oscar, 99, 262
Wilde, William, 99
Wood, Charles, 51
Wood, Fernando, 165, 169, 171
workhouses, 41, 42, 49
Wylie, Paul, 314–15
Y
Yellowstone, 283, 309–10
Young, Brigham, 272
Young Ireland movement, 29–31. See also Balfe, John Donnellan; Duffy, Charles Gavan; Mitchel, John; Smith O’Brien, William; Speranza (Jane Francesca Elgee)
attacked by O’Connell followers, 55
on the famine, 37–40, 43–48, 52
French aid sought by, 60–61
as fugitives, 68–74
informants against, 54–55, 59, 63, 72, 109–10
leaders of transported, 80–81
participants from in New York, 134–36, 147
Slievenamon meeting, 66–67
success of participants in, 315–17
trial of leaders, 62–63, 74–81
“Young Patriot Leader, The” (Speranza), 51–52
Z
Zouaves, 175–77, 189
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About the Author
TIMOTHY EGAN is a Pulitzer Prize–winning reporter, a New York Times columnist, a winner of the Andrew Carnegie Medal for excellence in nonfiction, and the author of seven books, most recently Short Nights of the Shadow Catcher. His previous books include The Worst Hard Time, which won a National Book Award, and the national bestseller The Big Burn. A third-generation westerner, he lives in Seattle.
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Timothy Egan, The Immortal Irishman
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