in contact with Albans

  and fur trading

  as victims of Europeans

  Bere, bere bread

  Bering Sea

  Bering Strait

  Berserker

  Bertoldi, Vittorio:

  Problems of Etymology, Zeitschrift fur Romanische Philologie

  Billard’s Tourist Home

  Bird Islands

  Birka

  Bishop’s Mitre

  Bituminous tar

  Bjarni Grimolfsson

  Bjarni Herjolfsson

  Bjorg

  Bjorn the Breidavik-Champion

  Black Death

  Black dogs

  Black Isle

  Black Sea

  Blaserk Glacier

  Blood feuding

  Blue Hill

  Boars, the

  Boat landings

  Boat-roofed houses, see Houses, boat-roofed

  Boats:

  churaichs

  coracles

  curraghs

  holkas

  kayaks

  knorrin, see Knorrin

  picta

  as roofs, see under Houses

  skin-covered

  oil used in

  ox hide used in

  sealskin used in

  walrus hide (leather) used in

  tar used in

  umiaks

  wooden

  see also Ships

  Bog iron

  Bone carvings

  Bonne Bay

  Book of Marvels (Selenius)

  Boothia Peninsula

  Boresti tribe

  Borgarfjord; see also Borgarfjördur

  Boswarlos

  Bowaters Pulp and Paper Company

  Bran

  Branslaek

  Brattahlid

  Breidafjord; see also Borgarfjördur

  Brendan, Saint

  Bressay

  Breton peninsula

  Brigantes

  Brimstone

  Bristol

  Bristol Channel

  Britain

  see also Albans in Britain; Christianity in Britain; Emigration; Invasions; Norse in Britain; Northern Islands; Voyages

  British Isles, see Britain

  Britons

  Brittany

  Brochant Bay

  Broch of Burgar

  Broch of Carloway

  Broch of Mousa

  Brochs

  see also Forts

  Brøgger, A.E.

  Ancient Emigrants

  Bronze

  Bronze Age

  Brooks Range

  Brudei mac Bile

  Brudei mac Maelchon

  Brynjudaisá River

  Buchan

  Buchanan Bay

  Buffalo Museum of Science

  Burgar, Broch of

  Burial chambers see also Tombs

  C

  Cabot, John

  Cabot Strait

  Cadarrayco

  Cadiz

  Caesar, Julius

  Commentaries

  see also Invasions, Roman

  Cairns, stone see also Towers, stone beacon

  Cairn (Steel) Mountain

  Caithness

  Calbion

  Caledonians

  Calgacus

  Cambrian massif

  Canada Council

  Canada North (Mowat)

  Canadian Arctic, see Arctic, Canadian

  Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Northern Service

  Canadian Sea

  Candida Casa

  Canso Strait

  Cape Albion

  Cape Anderson

  Cape Anguille

  Cape Bauld

  Cape Breton Island

  Cape Brewster

  Cape Chidley

  Cape Cod

  Cape Desolation

  Cape Dorset

  Cape Dyer

  Cape Farewell

  Cape Finisterre

  Cape Herschel

  Cape Hope’s Advance

  Cape Kiglapait

  Cape Nuvotannak

  Cape Race

  Cape Ray

  Cape Ross

  Cape Smoky

  Cape St. George

  Cape Wrath

  Cape York

  Carbon-14 dating

  Caribou

  skins

  Carlisle

  Carnac

  Carpathians, the

  Carthage, Carthaginians

  Carthaginian maritime records

  Cartier Site

  Carvings

  Caspian Sea

  Catapults

  Caucasus, Albania Superior

  Celts

  Irish see also Emigration; Invasions

  Centre for Northern Studies (Laval University)

  Chambered tombs

  see also Tombs

  Channel, see English Channel

  Channel Islands

  Cheliz, Givi

  Chert

  Chess pieces, ivory

  Chevaux de frise

  Cheviot Hills

  Chris’s Pond (King George IV Lake)

  Christianity:

  in Britain

  in Greenland

  in Iceland

  in Labrador

  in Newfoundland

  in Northern Islands

  in Scotland

  Chronicles of Huntingdon

  Churaichs

  Clan and croft life

  Claudianus, Claudius (poet)

  Claudius I (Roman emperor)

  Climatic conditions

  climatic optimum

  Ice Age

  Little Climatic Optimum

  Little Ice Age

  Cloth

  Clyde

  Clyde-Forth

  Coal

  Cobblestones

  Cod fishery

  Codroy Valley

  Coins, Roman

  Colli Albani

  Colline de Normandie

  Collins, Henry B.

  Yearbook of Physical Anthropology

  Columba, Saint

  Commentaries (Caesar)

  Compass

  Conception Bay

  Conne River M’ikmaw band

  Continent, the

  Cook, Captain James

  Coon, Carleton S.

  Copper

  Coracles

  Corall

  Cornwall

  Corsica

  Corte-Real, Gaspar.

  Corte-Real, Miguel

  Country Path

  County Derry

  Crassus, Publius

  Crete

  Crofts, see Clan and croft life; Houses, crofts

  Crona, see Greenland

  Cronian Sea

  Cronus

  Crops

  Crossroads to Greenland (Schledermann)

  Cumberland Peninsula

  Cumberland Sound

  Cumbria

  Cunard ship

  Cuper’s Cove (Cupids)

  Cupids

  Cupids Cove

  Cupids Historical Society

  Curiosolites

  Curraghs

  “Currency shortfall,”

  Cutch

  D

  Dalriada

  Dalriad Scotti

  Danes

  Dartmouth College (New Hampshire, USA)

  Davis, John

  Davis Strait

  Dawes

  Day John

  Deer’s Way

  De Mensura Orbis Terrae (Dicuil)

  Demitrius

  Denmark

  Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources (Canada)

  Derivation of place names (Greenland)

  De Temporum Ratione (Bede)

  Devon Island

  Diana Bay

  Diana Island

  Dicuil

  De Mensura Orbis Terrae

  Disko Bay (Bight)

  Disko Island

  Doegr

  Dogs

  Dolly’s Lookout
r />
  Dolmens see also Tombs

  Domestication of wild animals

  Dorchester

  Dornoch Firth

  Dorset culture

  Dover Strait

  Down (Eiderdown) Islands

  Drafdrit

  Dranga Peninsula

  Drill

  Drogio (Alba-in-the-West)

  Druidism

  Dublin

  Duel-fighting Hrafn

  Dufthak

  Dufthak’s Scar

  Dunbeath

  Duncansby Head

  Dunnet Bay

  Dunnottar

  Duns

  see also Brochs; Forts

  E

  Eadburgh

  Eastern Settlement, see under Greenland

  Eastfiords

  East Greenland Current

  Easthaven

  Easthaven-under-Horn

  Ebudae (Ebud Islands, now the Hebrides)

  see also Hebrides, the

  Échouries

  Egede, Hans

  Egypt

  Egyptian maritime records

  Eiderdown

  Eider duck nesting shelters

  Eider ducks

  Elba (Alba)

  Elbistan

  Eldhouse

  Eldjarn, Kristian:

  Gengiō á rekja

  Ellesmere Island

  Emigration:

  of Albans from Greenland

  of Albans northwards in Scotland and to Northern and Western Islands

  of Albans northwards to Thule

  of Albans to Newfoundland

  of Albans westwards from Tilli to Crona

  of Armoricans from Gaul to Britain

  of Celts to Britain

  of European Albans

  of Icelandic Norse to Crona

  of Norse to Greenland

  of Norse to Iceland.

  of Northmen to Iceland

  of Picts to Britain

  of Thule-culture Alaskans across Arctic Canada

  of valuta clans to Crona

  of valuta clans to Labrador

  England

  English

  English Channel

  Engroenland

  Eoganan

  Epaves (Wreck) Bay

  Eric, King of Norway

  Erik Rauda (Erik the Red)

  Eriksey

  Eriksfirth

  Eriksfjord; see also Eriksfiord

  Erik’s Isle

  Erik Valkendorf, Archbishop

  Erin

  Eskimoization of Norse

  Eskimos, see Inuit

  Essex

  Estotiland

  Europe

  trade in

  turmoil in

  use of maritime records in

  see also under Invasions

  Europeans:

  in Greenland

  in Iceland

  in Newfoundland

  pre-Columbian presence in North America

  in Ungava

  Exploits River

  Eyjolf the Foul

  Eynhallow Sound

  Eyrbyggja Saga

  Eyvind Eastman

  F

  Faeroes, see Northern Islands

  Faience beads

  Fair Isle

  Falcons

  Falmouth Bay

  Farfarer

  Fame Islands

  Far Ones

  Faxaflói

  Faxi

  Feathers

  Fetlar

  Fife

  Finnbogi

  Finns

  Firearms

  Firth of Clyde

  Firth of Forth

  Firth of Tay

  Fischer-Møller, K.

  Fisheries

  cod

  decline of

  Fjalir

  Flanders

  Flat Bay

  Flat Bay Brook

  Flat Island

  Flat Island Haven

  Flint

  Flóki

  Flóki’s Bight

  Flower’s Cove

  Foggy Strait

  Ford, Jimmy

  Forth

  Fortrui

  Forts

  blocking

  timber-laced

  see also Brochs

  Foster brothers (Ingólf and Leif)

  Foula

  Foundations, house, see Houses

  Foxe Basin

  Foxes

  France

  Franks

  Frederik, Bishop

  French

  in Newfoundland

  French fishing vessels

  Freydis Eriksdottir

  Frisland

  Frobisher Bay

  Funzie Head

  Furdurstrandir

  Fur trade

  Fury of the Northmen, The (Marsden)

  “Fury of the Northmen,”

  G

  Gades (Cadiz)

  Gaelic

  Gaels

  Galicia

  Galloway

  Gardar

  Gardar, Diocese of

  Gardar’s Island

  Gardar Svavarson

  Garonne

  Gaul

  see also Invasions

  Geese

  Geirhild

  Geirhild’s Water

  Geirrod

  Gemstones

  Gengiō á rekja (Eldjarn)

  Georgia

  Germany

  Gibbon, Edward:

  History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire

  Gildas

  Glen Albyn

  Glen Urquhart

  Glover, Janet:

  The Story of Scotland

  Gnupsson, Eric, Bishop

  Goatfell

  Godfjord

  Godthaab

  Godthaab Bight

  Godthaab fiords

  Gold

  Goodlad, Alistair

  Grains

  Grampian Mountains

  Grampuses

  Grand Banks

  Grapes, wild

  Grapevines

  Grass, The

  Grasses, The

  Grasslands

  Greater Ireland (Irland Mikla)

  Great Glen

  Great Island (Newfoundland)

  Great More

  Greek maritime records

  Greeks

  Greenland

  Crona

  Eastern Settlement

  Western Settlement

  Greenland Sea

  Greenland (Stefansson)

  Greipar

  Grimble, Ian

  Highland Man

  Gronland

  Groswater Bay

  Gudleif Gudlaugson

  Gudleif (son of Ari Marson)

  Gudmonson, Jon

  Gudrid

  Guernsey

  Guide fences (caribou)

  Gulf of St. Lawrence

  Gulf Stream

  Gunnbjorn’s Land

  Gunnbjorn Ulf Kragesson

  Gurness (broch at)

  Guy, John

  H

  Hadrian’s Wall

  Hakluyt, Richard

  Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation, The

  Halgoland

  Hallbjorn

  Halldor

  Hallgerd

  Hamarsfjördur

  Hamburg and Bremen, see of

  Hamilton Inlet

  “Happy warriors,”

  Harald the Fairhaired, King

  Harold the Hairy, King

  Harp, Elmer

  Harp seals

  Harris

  Harvard University

  Hasco

  Hastein

  Haukadale

  Havskip (knorr)

  Hay

  Hearth rows

  Hearths

  Hebridean Sea

  Hebrides, the

  Hebron

  Hebron Fiord

  Heimaey

  Helga

  Helgi Bjola

  Helgi (brother
of Finnbogi)

  Helgi the Lean

  Hellisfitar

  Helluland (Flatrockland)

  Henges, see Stone circles (henges)

  Hengist

  Herding

  Herdsmen and Hermits (Lethbridge)

  Hergils Hnappraz

  Herjolf

  Herjolf’s Haven

  Herjólfsnes

  Hermanns-Audardóttir, Margrét

  Islands Tidiga Bosattning

  Herstein

  Hibernia

  Hides, use of, see Boats; Caribou; Fur trade; Seals; Sea-mammals; Walrus

  Hierne

  High Arctic, see Arctic, high

  Highland Man (Grimble)

  High-seat posts

  Hindu Kush

  Historia Naturalis (Pliny)

  Historia Norwegiae

  Historians, scholars, shaping recorded history

  History, reconstruction of see also Farfarer

  History of North America Before Columbus (Root)

  History of the Britons (Nennius)

  History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Gibbon)

  Hjorleif

  Hjorleifshöfdi

  Hólar

  Holkas

  Holmstein

  Holy Island

  Honey

  Hood seals

  Hop

  Horn

  Horses

  Horthaland

  Horwood, Harold

  Hot springs

  House pits

  Houses:

  boat-roofed

  foundations, stone for

  crofts

  longhouses

  roof construction in

  sod and turf

  see also Brattahlid

  Howe of Mearns

  Hoy Island

  Hoy Sound

  Hrafn, Duel-fighting

  Hrafn (Norse seafarer)

  Hrafnsfjord

  Hrafn the Limerick Trader

  Hudson Bay

  Hudson Bay freight canoes

  Hudson’s Bay Company

  Hudson Strait

  Huna

  Hundred Years War

  Hunter-gatherers

  Hunting

  Husanotra

  Húsavík

  Hvalfjördur

  Hvalross

  Hvarfsgnipa

  Hvitá Valley

  Hvítramannaland, see Baffin Island

  Hyperborea

  I

  I Alpi

  Iberia

  Ice Age

  Iceland

  Thule

  Tilli

  Icelanders

  Icelandic annals

  Ice Man, the

  Îles de la Madeleine

  see also Magdalen Islands

  Illugi

  Imaha

  Immrama

  Indians, Red, see Beothuks

  Indo-European invasions, see Invasions

  Ingólf

  Ingólfsfjall

  Ingólfshöfdi

  Ingstad, Helge

  Inland Ice

  Inland Sea

  Inner Sea

  Innu, see Beothuks

  Inuit (Eskimos)

  Inukshuk