Certosa di Pavia, 178–179, 180, 190, 195
Cervantes Saavedra, Miguel de (1547–1616), 128
Cesare da Sesto (1477–1523), 228
Cesarini, Giuliano (1398–1444), 368, 370, 371
Chalcondyles, Demetrius (1424–1511), 79, 120, 280, 477, 480
charity, 592–593
Charlemagne (Charles I the Great), King of the Franks (768–814), Emperor of the West (800–814), 261, 271, 374, 450
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (1347–78), 19, 46, 59, 229, 636
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (1519–56), 163, 177, 237, 259, 279, 311, 330, 332, 335, 348, 545, 554, 564, 620–621, 622, 623–624, 625, 626–628, 629, 633, 634, 635–636, 642, 644, 645, 657, 661–662, 663, 664*, 686, 690, 711, 712, 713
Charles I, King of England (1625–49), 254, 506
Charles VI, King of France (1380–1422), 362, 363
Charles VII, King of France (1422–61), 369
Charles VIII, King of France (1483–98), 143, 148, 151, 153, 169, 189, 190, 244, 256, 271, 272, 400, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 419, 491, 610–613, 614
Charles of Durazzo, see Charles III of Naples
Charles I, King of Naples (1266–85), 356, 610
Charles III, King of Naples (1382–86), 349
Chaucer, Geoffrey (c. 1340–1400), 11
chastity, 575
Chateaubriant, Françoise de Foix, Comtesse de (1495–1537), 621
chess, 595
Chevreul, Michel (1786–1889), 223
Chigi, Agostino (1465–1520), 238, 239, 481, 489, 507–509, 509–510, 511, 515, 577, 638, 639, 653
Chigi, Lorenzo (1553), 509
children, 586, 587
Chioggia, battle of, 41, 176
choirs, 600, 601, 602
Christ, 63, 573
Christiad (Vida), 494
Christianity, 557–558, 559
Chrysoloras, John (1420), 192
Chrysoloras, Manuel (1355?–1415), 79, 82, 180
Chrysopoeia (Augurelli), 491
Church reform, 417, 623
Cibò, Francescotto, 400, 401, 403, 409
Cibò, Giovanni Battista (1432–92), see Innocent VIII, Pope
Cicero, Marcus Tullius (106–43 B.C.), 15, 78, 320, 351, 386, 489
Cima da Conegliano, Giovanni Battista (1459–1518), 302, 638
Cimabue (c. 1240–c. 1302), 297
Cinò da Pistoia (1270–1337), 592
Cione, Benci di (1376), 90
Cione, Nardo di (fl. 1350–before 1366), 27
Civerchio, Vincenzo (d. after 1539), 198
Civitali, Matteo (1436–1501), 178, 229
Clarence, Lionel, Duke of (1338–68), 38
classic art, recovery of, 495–497
Claude Lorrain (1600–82), 683
clavichord, 604
Clement V (Bertrand de Got), Pope (1305–14), 49, 50, 51, 55, 62, 261
Clement VI (Pierre Roger), Pope (1342–52), 14, 15, 16, 18–19, 20, 37, 38, 52–55, 57, 531
Clement VII (Giulio de’ Medici), Pope (1523–34), 163, 259, 348, 355, 375, 407, 480, 491, 494, 499, 502, 505, 507, 513, 517, 545, 554, 574, 576, 593, 624–628, 629, 630, 631, 632–633, 634–636, 637, 638, 639, 640–641, 642, 643, 644–645, 654, 655, 656, 659, 686, 687, 600, 699, 701, 706, 708, 710, 713, 714, 715
Clement VII (Robert of Geneva), Antipope (1378–94), 60, 362
clergy, 571–575
Clovio, Giulio (1498–1578), 713
clowns, 650
Cognac, League of, 627, 630
coins, 336
Colet, John (c. 1467–1519), 728
Colle, Raffaello dal (c. 1490–1566), 638
Colleoni, Bartolommeo (1400–75), equestrian statue of (Verrocchio), 132–133
Colleoni Chapel, Bergamo, 197
Colocci, Angelo (d. 1549), 491, 632
Colombo, Realdo (c. 1516–59), 649, 693
Colonna, Fabrizio (d. 1520), 396, 446, 584
Colonna, Giacomo (d. 1341), 7
Colonna, Giovanni (d. 1348), 7
Colonna, Giovanni (d. 1413), 363
Colonna, Lorenzo Oddone (d. 1484), 396
Colonna, Oddone (1368–1431), see Martin V, Pope
Colonna, Pompeo (d. 1532), 445
Colonna, Prospero (d. 1463), 368
Colonna, Prospero (1452–1523), 396, 621
Colonna, Stefano (d. 1348), 12, 18
Colonna, Vittoria (1492?–1547), 319, 544, 577, 579, 582, 584–585, 658, 7 18, 721
Colonna family, 363, 369, 371, 374, 396, 399, 415, 423, 434, 437, 442, 627, 628, 629
Coltivazione, La (Alamanni), 696
Columbus, Christopher (1446?–1506), 178, 385, 530, 534, 535
Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus (A.D. 36), 393
Comines, Philippe de (c. 1447–c. 1511), 281, 282
Commandments, the Ten, 570
commedia dell arte, 598
Comrnentarii (Pius II), 385
Como, 197
concerts, 604–605
Concilium pacis (Heinrich von Langen–stein), 364
Condivi, Ascanio (b. c. 1520–after 1564), 464, 467, 500
Condolmieri, Gabriele (1383–1447), see Eu–genius IV, Pope
condottieri, 284–285, 543, 560, 591, 610
confiscation and expropriation, 414–415
confraternities, 593
Congregation of the Index, 689
Congress of Mantua, 389–300, 618
Considerazioni intorno ai Discorsi di Machi–avelli (Guicciardini), 560*
Constance, Council of, 365–367
Constantine the Great, Roman Emperor (306–337), 352
Constantinople, 177, 283, 284, 371, 381
Constitutum Constantini, 352
Contarini, Andrea, Doge of Venice (1368-82), 41
Contarini, Marino (1422), 294
Conti, Bernardino de’ (c. 1450–1525), 228
Conti, Lotario de’ (1161–1216), see Innocent III, Pope
conversation, 594–595
Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473–1543), 529, 536, 693
Corbaccio (Boccaccio), 34
Corbizzi, Filippo (1496), 151
Cordier, B. (fl. 1474–85), 600
Corio, Bernardino (1459–1503), 188
Cornaro, Caterina (1454–1510), 283, 319, 584, 679
Cornaro, Luigi (1467?–1566), 322, 323, 649, 674, 693–695, 706
Coro, Domenico del (1420), 237
Correggio (town), 327
Correggio (Antonio Allegri: 1494–1534), 173, 212, 321–332, 511*, 665, 680, 683, 727
frescoes in duomo, Parma, 329
frescoes in San Giovanni Evangelista, Parma, 329, 331
frescoes in San Paolo convent, Parma, 329
Il Giorno, 330
La Notte, 330, 511*
Jupiter and Antiope, 330
Correr, Angelo (c. 1327–1417), see Gregory XII, Pope
corsets, 584
Corsignano, see Pienza
Cortese, Gregorio (1483–1548), 574
Cortigiana, La (Aretino), 658
cortigiane oneste, 577–578
Coryat, Thomas (1577?–1617), 593–594
cosmetics, 583
Cossa, Baldassare (c. 1360–1415), see John XXIII, Pope
Cossa, Francesco (c. 1435–80), 266, 267, 335
Costa, Lorenzo (c. 1460–1535), 258, 267, 328, 333–334, 335–336, 452
costume, 287, 583–584, 593
councils: Basel, 369, 370, 372, 378, 383
Constance, 365–367
Ferrara–Florence, 69, 79, 83, 231, 370–371, 387
Lateran (Rome), 445, 446, 481, 540, 589
Pavia, 368
Pisa, 363–364
Pisa–Milan, 445–446, 480, 481
Siena, 368
Trent, 69, 529, 598, 645, 683, 689, 690–691
Vienne, 50, 55
Counter Reformation, 529, 576, 683, 688–691
Courtier, The (Castiglione), 196, 319, 342, 346–347, 452, 513
Cowper, 3rd Earl (1738–89), 456
Credi, Lorenzo di (1459–1537), 131, 133, 165
Creighton, Mandell (1843–1901), 411*–412*, 435
Cremona, 198, 712
Crescenzi, Pietro de’ (1306), 530
Crivelli, Carlo (1440–93), 302
Crivelli, Lucrezia (1496), 189, 204
Cronaca, Il, see Pollaiuolo, Simone
Croniche Fiorentine (Villani), 29, 75
Cros, Jean de, Cardinal of Limoges (1378), 361
Cross, True, 402
cruelty, 591
crusades, 381, 382, 386, 389–391, 392, 519, 627–628
Cugnatis, Imperia de (1485–1511), 488, 577
Cyprus, 283
Cyropaedia (Xenophon), 83, 350
D
Damiano, Fra (d. 1549), 334
dancing, 595
Dandolo, Andrea, Doge of Venice (1343–54), 533
Daniele da Volterra (Daniele Ricciarelli: 1509–56), 716, 721
Dante, Girolamo (fl. 1550–80), 668
Dante Alighieri (1265–1321), 3, 5–6, 9, 13, 15, 25, 28, 33, 44, 48, 80, 84, 120, 138, 272, 295, 339, 543, 564, 636, 715
Darwin, Charles (1809–82), 558
De anima (Aristotle), 538, 543
De casibus virorum illustribus (Boccaccio), 43
De claris mulieribus (Boccaccio), 43
De contagione (Fracastoro), 536
De contemptu mundi (Petrarch), 9
De divina proportione (Pacioli), 225
De fato (Pomponazzi), 541–542
De genealogiis deorum (Boccaccio), 44
De hominis dignitate (Pico della Mirandola), 122
De immortalitate animae (Pomponazzi), 540
De incantatione (Pomponazzi), 540–541
De intellectu et daemonibus (Nifo), 539
De mente humana (Porzio), 543
De methodo (Aconzio), 695
De miseriis humanae conditionis (Poggio Bracciolini), 84
De montibus, etc. (Boccaccio), 43–44
De officio et virtutibus imperatoris (Petrarch), 42
De otio religiosorum (Petrarch), 37
De re anatomica (Colombo), 693
De remediis utriusque fortunae (Petrarch), 42
De republica optime administranda (Petrarch), 42
De rerum natura (Telesio), 695
De rerum varietate (Cardan), 692
De stratagematibus Satanae (Aconzio), 695
De subtilitate rerum (Cardan), 692
De viris illustribus (Petrarch), 42
De vita solitaria (Petrarch), 37
Decameron (Boccaccio), 28, 29–34, 42, 599, 696
décolletage, 584
Dedel, Adrian (1459–1523), see Adrian VI, Pope
Deprès, Josquin (1450?–1521), 600
Descartes, René (1596–1650), 692, 695, 727
Desiderio da Settignano (1428–64), 82, 96, 109, 131
despots, 174–176
Deux, Bertrand de (1347), 18–19
devils, 526–527
Diane de Poitiers (1499–1566), 606
Dianti, Laura (fl. 1520–1534), 279, 309
Diario della città di Roma (Infessura), 396*
Diarium (Burchard), 408, 413, 427–428
Diaz de l’Isla, Ruy (1504), 535
dice, 595
Diderot, Denis (1713–84), 558
Diodorus Siculus (1st cent, B.C.), 378
diplomacy, 287, 517, 563
Discorsi della vita sobria (Cornaro), 694
Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy (Machiavelli), 551, 562, 565
diseases, 534–537
Disputationes Camaldulenses (Landino), 120
dissection of corpses, 531
Divine Comedy, The (Dante), 191, 210–211, 251, 673, 715
divozioni, 597
Djem, Turkish prince (1459–95), 400, 403, 409, 410, 611
doge, 285, 287
Dolci, Giovannino de’ (d. 1486), 397
Dolcino of Novara (c. 1303), 61–62
Domenichino (Domenico Zampieri: 1581–1641), 332
Domenico da Pescia (d. 1498), 155–156, 158–159, 160, 161
Domenico Veneziano (1400–61), 106, 244
Domenico di Bartolo (1440), 238
domestic life, 586–588
Dominic, St. (1170–1221), 558
Dominicans, 574
Domitian, Roman Emperor (81–96), 12
Donatello (Donato di Niccolò di Betti Bardi: 1386–1466), 84, 87–88, 90, 91, 92–95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 131, 132, 156, 251, 252, 281, 324–325, 356, 497, 586, 722, 725
Crucifixion, 94, 95
David, 92, 93
duomo, Florence, 93, 95
Gattamelata, 94, 206
Judith, 93
St. George, 93
St. Mark, 92–93
Niccolò da Uzzano, 93
Donati, Lucrezia (fl. 1467–69), 111
Donation of Constantine, 352, 374
Doni, Antonfrancesco (1513–74), 697
Doria, Andrea (1468–1560), 177, 178, 711
Doria, Luciano (1379), 41
Doria, Pietro (d. 1380), 41
Dossi, Dosso (1479–1541), 264, 267, 270
dowries, 578, 579–580
drama, 597–598
Dresden Gallery, 511*
dresses, 583
Duccio, Agostino di (1418–81), 243–244, 340
Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. 1255–1319), 35
Duchess of Malfi, The (Webster), 698
dueling, 590
Dufay, Guillaume (c. 1400–74), 600
Duns Scotus, John (c. 1265–1308), 692
Durand, Guillaume, Bishop of Mende (d. 1330), 53
Dürer, Albrecht (1471–1528), 304, 337–338, 702
dwarfs, 257
dyes, 314, 300
E
eating utensils, 593–594
Ecerinis (Albertino Mussato), 22
education, 529
Edward III, king of England (1327–77), 54, 71, 75
Edward IV, king of England (1461–70), 75
Egidian Constitutions, 58
Eleonora of Aragon, Duchess of Ferrara (d. 1493), 255, 263, 264, 395
Eleonora of Austria, Queen of France (1408–1558), 627
Elegantiae linguae Latinae (Valla), 351
Emilia, 327*
Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy (1553–80), 711
encyclopedia, 711
Encyclopédie (Diderot, d’Alembert, et al.), 67*
engraving, 107, 337–338
Enneads (Plotinus), 538
Epicurus (c. 340–270 B.C.), 14, 568
Epistola ad posteros (Petrarch), 42
Epistulae (Pliny the Younger), 78
Erasmus, Desiderius (c.1466? –1536), 13, 316, 317, 351, 486, 489, 520–521, 521–522, 544, 572, 633, 689, 726–727, 728
Este (seat of family), 261
Este, Alfonso I d’, Duke of Ferrara and Modena (1505–34), 264–266, 267, 268, 272, 276, 279, 301, 309, 427, 428, 431, 432, 433, 438, 440, 444, 445, 446, 481, 507, 520, 566, 604, 623, 629, 632, 636, 642, 643
Este, Alfonso II d’, Duke of Ferrara and Modena (1558–97), 265, 712
Este, Azzo VI d’, Lord of Ferrara (1208–12), 261
Este, Beatrice d’, Duchess of Milan (1475–97), 179, 186–188, 189, 190, 191–192, 196, 203, 204, 255, 256, 264, 290–291, 327, 568, 584, 587, 600, 697
Este, Borso d’, Marquis of Ferrara (1450–70), Duke of Modena (1452–71), and Duke of Ferrara (1470–71), 193, 262–263, 266, 269, 270
Este, Ercole I d’, Duke of Ferrara and Modena (1471–1505), 255, 263, 264, 269–270, 273, 395, 427, 431, 432, 611
Este, Ercole II d’, Duke of Ferrara and Modena (1534–58), 279, 321, 712
Este, Ferrante d’ (d. 1540), 265
Este, Giulio d’ (d. 1558), 265, 273
Este, Ippolito d’ (1479–1520), 264, 265, 273, 276, 277, 408
Este, Ippolito d’ (d. 1572), 714
Este, Isabella d’, Marchioness of Mantua (1474–1539), 187, 190, 106, 207, 208, 213, 254, 255–260, 264, 273, 310–311,
327, 343, 344, 346, 422, 423, 424, 427, 438, 466, 485, 489, 517, 568, 584, 631, 697
Este, Leonello d’, Marquis of Ferrara (144150), 262, 268–269, 575
Este, Niccolò III d’, Marquis of Ferrara (1393–1441), 143, 262, 266, 268, 575
Este, Sigismondo, Marquis of San Martino (d. 1507), 266
Este, Villa d’, 712, 714
Estouteville, Guillaume d’ (1403–83), 130, 385, 393, 406
Étampes, Anne de Pisseleu, Duchesse d’ (1508–80), 708–709
Etruscan art, 700
Euclid (c. 300 B.C.), 692
Eugenius IV (Gabriele Condolmieri), Pope (1431–47), 83, 351, 352, 353, 368–372, 374, 377, 383, 385, 387
Euse, Jacques d’ (1249–1334), see John XXII, Pope
Eustachio, Fra (1473–1555)”, 168
Eustachio, Bartolommeo (c. 1524–71), 691, 693
Execrabilis (Pius II), 389
Eyck, Jan van (1370?–1440), 258, 726
Adoration of the Lamb, 726
Ezzolino IV da Romano (1194–1259), 21
F
Faenza, 338, 421
faience, 338
Falconetto, Giovanmaria (1458–1534), 323
Faliero, Marino, Doge of Venice (1354–55), 285
Fallopio, Gabriele (1522–62), 691, 693
families, size of, 586
Fancelli, Luca (1430–95), 90
farces, 597–598
farming, experimental, 185–186
Farnese, Alessandro (1468–1549), see Paul III, Pope
Farnese, Alessandro (d. 1589), 509, 704, 713
Farnese, Giulia (d. 1524), 355, 407, 408, 412–413, 428, 429, 436, 457, 690
Farnese, Ottavio, Duke of Parma (1547–86), 663, 691, 713
Farnese, Pierluigi, Duke of Parma (154547), 691, 708
Farnese, Ranuccio (1542), 289
Favola di Orfeo, La (Politian), 125
Favorinus (Varino Camerti: d. 1537), 487
Fazio, Bartolommeo (d. 1457), 350
Fedeli, Cassandra (d. 1558), 582
Federighi, Antonio (c. 1420–90), 237
Federigo III, King of Naples (1496–1501), 418, 419, 430, 613, 614, 615
Federigo da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino (1444–82), 119, 168, 232, 250, 341–343, 585, 600
fees, medical, 532
Felix V (Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy), Antipope (1439–49), 176, 369, 378
Ferdinand I, King of Naples (1458–94), 114, 115, 129, 142, 184, 255, 353–354, 395, 397, 409, 449, 575
Ferdinand the Catholic, King of Sicily (1468–1516), Castile (1474–1516), Aragon (1479–1516), and Naples (1504–16), 174, 407, 409, 435, 438–439, 482, 516, 545, 563, 574, 610, 612, 615, 616, 617, 618, 620, 621
Ferramolo, Floriano (d. 1528), 198
Ferrante, Duke of Calabria (d. 1559), 615
Ferrante of Naples, see Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferrara, 261–279, 318, 444, 616, 617, 635, 712
Castello, 261, 263–264